BY-

ITEE BERI
PRERANA JHUNJHUNWALA
MBA – IIIrd SEM
CONCEPT OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS
BASED ON PARTICIPATION:
A women entrepreneur is defined as an enterprise owned
and controlled by a women having a minimum financial
interest of 51% of the capital and giving at least 51% of
the employment generated in the enterprise to women.”
CONCEPT OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS
GENERAL CONCEPT:
“A woman or a group of women who initiate, organize and
run a business.”

BASED ON INNOVATION:
“ Women who innovate, imitate or adopt a business activity
are called women entrepreneurs”.
FUNCTIONS OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS
Functions for establishment of an enterprise:
 Idea generation and screening
 Determination of objectives
 Project preparation
 Product analysis
 Form of business
 Raising funds
 Procuring men, machine and materials.
FUNCTIONS OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS
According to Frederick Harbison:
1. Exploration of prospects of starting a new business
enterprise.
2. Undertaking of risks and the handling of economic
uncertainties involved in business.
3. Introduction of innovation or imitation of innovations.
4. Coordination, administration and control.
5. Supervision and leadership.
FUNCTIONS OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS
 KEY CHANGES IN WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS IN LAST FIVE
DECADES
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE FIFTIES:
Compulsive factors led to the creation of women entrepreneurs.
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE SIXTIES:
Women began to aspire but also accepted the social cultural traditions.
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE SEVENTIES:
The women in this decade opened up new frontier. They had not
only aspiration but ambition.
 KEY CHANGES IN WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURS IN LAST FIVE
DECADES
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE EIGHTIES:
Women were educated in highly sophisticated
technological and professional education. They became an
equally contributing partners.
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE NINETIES:
This was the first time when the concept of best rather than
male heir was talked about.
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF THE 21st Century:
“Jill of all trades”
Trade Related Entrepreneurship Assistance and Development
(TREAD)
The main objective of the scheme is
•To provide assistance to women entrepreneurs through NGOs.
•To build up capacity of Entrepreneurship Development Institutions like National Institute for Small
Industry Extension & Training (NISIET), Small Industries Service Institutes (SISI), State level EDIs,
etc., by providing financial support in the form of Government of India grant.
•To create entrepreneurship development training facility through NGOs by providing financial support
for conducting training programmes.

Mahila Udyam Nidhi

an exclusive scheme for providing equity to women entrepreneurs implemented by the Small
Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI).

Mahila Vikas Nidhi

offers developmental assistance for pursuit of income generating activities to women.

Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY)

During 2006-07, the participation of women in terms of employment generation under Prime Minister’s
Rozgar Yojana (PMRY), was 16.5 per cent. The government made several relaxations to women to
facilitate the participation of women beneficiaries.
•In India the self-employed women account for only 5.2% of
the self-employment persons in the countries. Majority of
them are engaged in the recognized sector like agriculture,
handicrafts, handlooms and cottage based industries.

•Women entrepreneurs constitute a tenth of the Indian

entrepreneur universe.

•Currently there are 1.3 million SSIs and 9.1 million registered
SMEs in India. As per the latest available estimates, the
number of women owned and women managed enterprises is
12.99 lakh and 12.15 lakh respectively.

•There are more women entrepreneurs in smaller towns

compared to metros.

•Women find it easier to start up but equally difficult to grow

and access venture capital.
Birth: June 7, 1975

She was not interested in

academics and on the advice and
financial support of her father
ventured into TV-serial production
by the name of Balaji Creations at
the age of 19. And soon she
changed the face of Indian
television industry and completely
dominated it.

Achievement:
•Creative Director of Balaji
Telefilms
•Awarded with Ernst & Young (E&Y)
Startup Entrepreneur Of The Year
award in 2001.
Birth: November 11, 1944

Place of Birth: Amritsar, Punjab

Label: Ritu, LABEL

She was the first women to bring the boutique culture to

India, under the name "Ritu".

The ace designer had a humble beginning in a small village,

near Kolkata, in 1960, with hand block printers and two
tablets to flaunt about.

Achievement:
•The Most Outstanding Evening Gown in International
pageants.
•Lifetime Achievement Award by the National Institute of
Fashion Technology in 1998.
•The Outstanding Women Entrepreneur Award by the PHD -
Chamber of Commerce in 1998.
•The Lifetime Achievement Award by the Kingfisher group of
•CEO of Shahnaz Herbals Inc.

•A prominent Indian female

entrepreneur best known for her
herbal cosmetics, particularly skin
care products.

•In the year 1977 she established her

first beauty salon in her abode.

•Currently, the Shahnaz Husain Group

has over 400 franchise clinics across
the world covering over 138
countries.

Award:
•Success Magazine's "World's
Greatest Woman Entrepreneur"
Birth: 23 March 1953 in Bangalore.

Chairman & Managing Director of Biocon Ltd.

She founded Biocon India with a capital of Rs.

10,000 in 1978.
In 2004, she became India’s richest woman.

Awards:
•Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award in
Healthcare & Life Sciences Category (2002).
•The Economic Times Business Woman of the Year
Award (2004).
•Lifetime Achievement Award from Indian Chamber
of Commerce (2005).
A small survey of women
entrepreneurs in Varanasi
 Objective: The main aim is to find out the status of women
entrepreneurs and to analyze problems unique to women
entrepreneurs in setting up and running their enterprises in
Varanasi.

 Methodology: A survey is conducted with the help of a set of

questionnaire.

 Sample unit: Women entrepreneurs running boutiques and

beauty clinics in Varanasi.

 Sample size: 16
RESULTS: 44% of the respondents started business
at the age of 20-30years, 31% at the age of 30-40years
and 19% at the age of 40-50years. Only 6% of the
respondents started at the age of 50+.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that most of

the women entrepreneurs start business between the age
of 20 to 40 years.
RESULTS: 93.75% of the
respondents play the role of
creator+ supervisor, 18.75% of the
respondents also act as an
innovator.

INTERPRETATION: It has been

seen that almost all the women
entrepreneurs play the role of
creator as well as supervisor.
RESULTS: The educational
background of 81% of the
respondents is higher education. 19%
of the respondents only have a basic
education.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen

that most of the women
entrepreneurs seek higher education.
RESULTS: 69% of the women
entrepreneurs have not pursued any
specialized course.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen

that most of the women entrepreneurs
do not feel the need of pursuing any
specialized course for running a
business.
RESULTS: 87% of the women entrepreneurs have
created their own enterprise while 13% have inherited
from their families.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that most

of the women entrepreneurs create business
on their own.
RESULTS: Average rating given by the respondents
is highest for demand for the product i.e. 4.43. The
respondents have rated availability of funds and
profitability in the business to be 3.75 and 3.43
respectively.

INTERPRETATION: It has been seen that the

demand for the product is the most important
economic factor in starting a venture.
i. Social factors

RESULTS: Average rating given by the respondents

for the factors self reliance and family support is
2.185.

INTERPRETATION: Self reliance and family

support are equally important factors in starting up a
venture.

ii. Psychological factors

RESULTS: Average rating given by the respondents

for the factors: self achievement and status &
respect are 1.8 and 1.18 respectively.

INTERPRETATION: Self achievement and status &

respect are almost equally important factors in
starting up a venture.
RESULTS: 68.75% of the respondents started
their ventures with their own funds while 12.5% of
the respondents had borrowed funds as their source
of finance. 18.75% of the respondents financed their
business with both sources.

INTERPRETATION: Most of the women

entrepreneurs are able to start their business through
self financing.
RESULTS: The average rating given by the
respondents is highest for stiff competition i.e.
5.375. The problem of finance and combining family
and work life is rate 4.875.

INTERPRETATION: The most critical problem

faced by the women entrepreneur while starting up
the business is stiff competition. The other problems
faced by most of them were problem of finance,
combining family & work life and non-availability
of raw materials.
RESULTS: The highest rating of 6.025 is for the
stiff competition. Problem of finance and combining
family and work life is rated at an average of 4.68
and 4.75 respectively.

INTERPRETATION: Stiff competition is still

the most critical problem faced by the women
entrepreneurs. Among other problems, combining
family and work life and the problem of finance is
also critical.
FINDINGS
 It has been observed that women entrepreneurs are early starters.
Most of them started their venture at the age between 20-40.

 Low education level or no specialized course is not the problem

faced by women entrepreneurs since most of them have not
pursued any specialized courses.

 The women entrepreneurs have played the role of creator since

most of them are first generation entrepreneurs.

 One of the most important factors supportive for women

entrepreneurs is the availability of ready market and availability of
funds. This signifies that they are mostly risk averse.
 Family support as well as the zeal to become an entrepreneur is
equally important factors.

 Availability of funds was not a problem in starting the business as

well as in running it since they have enough owned capital.
REFERENCES
Parikh Indira & Kollan Bharti(Aug.2005) “A
Reflection of the Indian Women in
Entrepreneurial World.” Working Paper No.
2005-08-07, IIM, Ahemdabad.

S.S. Khanka “Entrepreneurial Development”.

Internet