Appendix

4,O

THE FIVE FORMS OF ENGLISH VERBS

234
PRESENT

ROOT FORM

PAST

PARTICIPLE

PARTICIPLE

(stMPLE FORI'l)

-s FoRt'l

PAST FORM

argue
arrive
bake
become
begin

arques
arrir-es
bakes
becomes
begins

argued
arrived
baked
became
began

argulng
arriving
baking
becoming
beginning

argued
arrived
baked
become
begun

bite
blow
borrow
break
bring

biies
blorvs
borrows
breaks
brings

bit
blew
borrowed

biting
blowing
borrowing
breaking
bringing

bitten
blown
borrowed
broken
brought

build
burn
buy

builds
burns
buys

built

built

call
catch

calls

called

building
burning
buying
calling

catches

caught

catching

change
choose
come

changes

changed

changed

chooses

chose

comes

CoSt

costs

came
cost

cut

cuts

cut

changing
choosing
coming
costing
cutting

dig
do
draw

digs
does

dug
did
drew
drank
drove

digging
doing
drawing

dug
done
drawn

drinking
driving

drunk
driven

eats
erases

ate

expects

expected
explained

eating
erasing
expecting
explaining
falling

eaten
erased
expected
explained
fallen

feeding
feeling

fed

drink
drive
eat
CIASE

expect
explain

draws
drinks
drives

broke
brought

burned
bought

erased

fall

explains
falls

feed

feeds

fed

feel

feels

fight
find
finish

fights
finds
finishes

felt
fought
found
finished

fix
flv

fixed
flew
forgot
forgave
froze

fixing
flying
forgetting
forgiving

freeze

fixes
flies
forgets
forgives
freezes

get

gets

give
go
grow
hang

gives

got
gave

getting
giving
going
grew
hanging

forget
forgive

goes

grows
hangs

fell

went
growing
hung

fighting
finding
finishing

freezing

burned
bought
called
caught
chose

come
cost

cut

felt
fought
found
finished
fixed

flown
forgotten
forgiven
frozen
gotten
given
gone

grown
hung

pauJnleJ
pJlueJ
paJJqlu3lueJ
pallf,aJ
pazrlear
peeJ

llnb
lnd

3u1urn1ar

pauJnlaJ
peluJJ

peer

Sutpear
Surttrnb

pazrlPJJ

Surzqear

paJaqurauraJ
palrJaJ

Surluar
Surraqruaruar
Surlr;ar

llnb
lnd

Surrapro
Suruado

parapro
pauado

Suturrao

Surr{.ed

PIPd
peu1!to

Suruueld

pauueld

pazi.eld

8ude1d

partDerd

Surltnd
Suorlrerd

pa)rDeJd
pa^eld

papaeu
pazrJorrrJru

pauueld
pled
pau^lo
parepro
pauado
pspaau

3u11eu

apeur

tueeur

Surueaur

leul

Surpaau
Surzuoruaru
Sutlaaur

laur
lueaur

Sutrrtl

PE^II

3uqoo1

pa>lool

3urso1

pa^ol
tsol

Surrrol

paziroLuJrrl

epPru
pa \oi
lsol
pa{ool
p3.\ll
raualsrl

.lel

3ur.i1

PAIII

3ut>{tl
3ut.i1

PE{II

Suruatsrl

paualsll
PAII
UIPI

ral

]ual
tlal
pauJeal
PIPI

paqSnPI
ullrou>l

Surrral
Surpual
3ur.lea1
Suru:ea1

Surdaal
Surlua.rui
Surlrnq
Surdori
Surplou

padoq
plaq

]da>1

palue^ur

unq
ltq
pIr{
padlaq

PAII
1al

(tur)

suJnlaJ
sluaJ
sreqluarrrsJ
seJrJaJ

sazqeaJ

unq

uJnlaJ
luaJ

pPaJ

spee.r

sz{.e1d

]nd
arlnerd
,{.e1d

ueld
z(ed

u1!lo

Jepro

sa>lPru

peeu
AZIJOIIIEIU

]aau
uealx
a{Plu
a^ol
asol
>IOOI

a^u
ualsIT

A{II

SA{II

ser

spuel

luel

PIPI

tda>1

pJIUaAUI

padoq

sureal
s,{e1

sqBnel
sArouI

sdaal
SlUJ.\UI

sunq

S:IU

1tq

sadorl
spior{

PIELI

prq
padlaq
preaq
pPq

ttuol rsvd

JaqruauraJ
elIJaJ
azIIPal

rlnb

slrnb
slnd
sarlDerd
sueld
s.{.ed

uado

suado

SUMO
SJJpJO

spJau
sazlJotuatu
slaaur
sueaur
saAol
sasol
s>lool
saAII

suels{

(arr e 1ar) all

(aurpa:) ar1

SAII

slal
seAeJI

lJAI

oaqBnel

Sur.iei
SurqSnei

Surulri
Surpru
Surdlau
Suueau
Surneu

pPq

prerq

pJUJEJI

,\4.4U>l

Sutrr,rous

lrarorruva
rNastud

!t'tdt)tIuvd
rsvd

(-lntti

SCiA J
(-Dt--

.^-:
l.{UOl S'

1al

pual
aAeel
uJPel

Iel
qBney
1!tOU>l

daal
IUaAUI

unq
adoq

ptoq

ltq
apIq
dlaq
JPaq
eAPq

(htuol t'tdt^us)
l.luoJ

SgUtn HSntH:l lO S]^lUOl

sqraA qst13u3 lo sulJoj

ttt

loou

ilAll :lHI

a^rl aql

Itrppend tx

412

THE FIVE FORMS OF ENGLISH VERBS

ROOT FORH
FORH)

PAST

PRESENT
-S FORM

PAST FORt'l

PARTICIPLE

PARTICIPLE

ride
ring
rise

rides
rises

rose

run

runs

ran

riding
ringing
rising
running

ridden

rings

rode
rang

sal'

says

said

saying

said

see

SCCS

seeing

seen

seil
send

sells
sends

saw
sold
sent

sold
sent

set

SetS

set

shake

shakes

shook

selling
sending
setting
shaking

shoot
shut
sing
sink
sit

shoots
shuts

shot
shut

sings

sang

sinks

sank

shot
shut
sung
sunk

sits

sat

shooting
shutting
singing
sinking
sitting

sleep

sleeps

slept

smoke
speak
spend
stand

smokes
spends
stands

sleeping
smoking
speaking
spending
standing

slept

smoked
spoke
spent
stood

steal

steals

stole

study

studies

sweep

sweeps

swim
take

swims
takes

studied
swept
swam
took

stealing
studying
sweeping
swimming
taking

stolen
studied
swept
swum
taken

talk

talks
teaches
tears
tells
thinks

talked
taught
tore
told

talking
teaching
tearing
telling
thinking

talked
taught
torn
told
thought

threw
tried
turned

use

USCS

understood
used

throwing
trying
turning
understanding

thrown

understand

throws
tries
turns
understands

using

used

visit
wait

visits
waits
wakes
walks
wants

visited
waited
woke
walked
wanted

visiting
waiting
waking
walking
wanting

visited
waited
woken
walked
wanted

washes

washed
watched
wore

washing
watching
wearing

washed
watched

won
worked

winning
working

wrote
yelled

writing

teach
tear

tell
think

throw
try
turn

wake

walk
want
wash
watch
wear

win
work
write
yell

speaks

watches
wears
wins
works

writes
yells

thought

yelling

rLlng

risen

run

set

shaken

sat

smoked
spoken
spent
stood

tried
turned
understood

worn
won
worked

written
yelled