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As a result of
minimal research and exploration related to the topic, todays society is
uneducated and unfamiliar with the issue.
Domestic violence is when an individual uses intimidation, threats, force
and violence to manipulate or control a partner, former partner of family
member. Its differentiated by a disproportion of power where the
perpetrator uses cruel and violent behaviours and tactics to gain control
power over the victim causing fear. Once Violence begins, its frequency
grows and the longer the relationship goes on, the more severe the
escalation of abuse; both physically and physiologically. (Carrington &
Phillips 2003, Tually, Faulkner, Culter & Slater 2008).
Domestic Violence towards Men
When it comes to domestic violence, males have been under recognised,
ignored and marginalised. A majority of people dont even know male
victims exist. In particular, the lack of literature on this population group is
disturbing. Minimal studies have researched predictors of life threatening
IPV by women toward men, where the female partner uses frequently and
more severe violence1. Since information is scarce, communities are
unaware of the threat and importance of the issue. The publics
knowledge (at its bare minimal) is acquired through the media. The media
only portrays a proportion of the truth. Medias such as television
programs, magazines and fact sheets are biased, they make out to the
majority population, that men are the aggressors and women and
nurturing and caring2. Community education on the topic is non-existent,
domestic violence is an under investigated and growing problem in
society.
2 Research Lead Me to be more aware of domestic violence against men (article) (A.
Wilkins, University of East Anglia September 21: vol 26 no.3:2011)
Male victims of domestic violence often hide the abuse from others.
Majority of men in this situation are unable to recognise that they are
sustaining abuse by their female partner.
5 Male Victims of Domestic Violence. Babette C. Drijber, Udo J. L. Reijnder, Manon Ceelen
(30 October 2012)
Childhood experiences
The carry-on effects of childhood experiences of bullying, assault, abuse
and violence have lead researchers to a similar conclusion. Hines and
Douglas (Predicting Potentially Life Threatening Partner Violence by
Women toward Men: The Preliminary Study) have discovered that, through
their research that women, in certain circumstances will resort back to
their ways of violence if they are in a similar situation from their past. As
well, Phillip W. Cook (Partner Abuse, Volume 1, Number 2, 2009) that
offspring of the abusive couple will be brought up in this environment and
therefore the cycle of DV against men is continued.
Drugs/alcohol
Females who use violence, in some cases are under the influence of either
or both, illicit drugs and alcohol. The effect of these substances on the
female brain can make the women feel that they can be violent. Because
of the effects to the brain, the outcome of the violence is more severe as
the women are unable to make decisions, to stop or be less violent.
(Morgan, 08/02/2003)
Financial issues
Money and bills create massive amounts of stress within a family.
Stereotypically, the male of the household is the bread-winner. They are
6 Partner Abuse, Volume 1, number 2, 2010 - Abused Men: The Hidden Side of Domestic
Violence, second edition. Phillip W. Cook. New York: Praeger, 2009, 232 pp
7 Partner Abuse, Volume 1, number 2, 2010 - Abused Men: The Hidden Side of Domestic
Violence, second edition. Phillip W. Cook. New York: Praeger, 2009, 232 pp