Single Stage Calculations

Engineers Handbook
1 foot

Single Stage Cementing

1. OD
2. LBS/FT
3. CUFT/FT
4. Displacement BBL/FT

Engineers Handbook
1 foot

1 foot

Single Stage Cementing

1. OD
2. LBS/FT
3. CUFT/FT
4. Displacement BBL/FT
1. OD outside casing
2. LBS/FT outside casing
3. OD inside casing
4. CUFT/FT

Engineers Handbook
1 foot

1 foot

1 foot

Single Stage Cementing

1. OD
2. LBS/FT
3. CUFT/FT
4. Displacement BBL/FT
1. OD outside casing
2. LBS/FT outside casing
3. OD inside casing
4. CUFT/FT

1. OD casing
2. OH diameter
3. CUFT/FT

Volumes to be Calculated : Step A

1. Casing in casing

Previous
Casing

Open Hole

Collar
Shoe

Single Stage Cementing

Volumes to be Calculated : Step A

1. Casing in casing

2. Casing in open hole

Previous
Casing

Open Hole

Collar
Shoe

Single Stage Cementing

Volumes to be Calculated : Step A

1. Casing in casing

2. Casing in open hole

Previous
Casing

3. Inside casing
(between collar and shoe)
2

3
3

Single Stage Cementing

Open Hole

Collar
Shoe

Cement Calculations
z Volume of open hole below the casing shoe is not

calculated.
z Cement circulates out of the shoe and up the annulus.
z Any cement displacing the mud below by gravity is
considered negligible.

Single Stage Cementing

Problem 1
Casing
:
7 - 32 LB/Ft
Shoe
:
4600
Collar
:
4510
Previous casing :
9 5/8 - 47 LB/Ft
Shoe
:
2670
Open hole
:
8.5
Top of cement
:
1000
Calculate Total Amount of Slurry Required in CuFt
9

Single Stage Cementing

Solution
Capacities
1. Cas-Cas

- 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH

- 0.1268 cuft/ft

3. Cas

- 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

1000ft
1

Volumes
2670ft
2
3
3

4510ft
4600ft

10 Single Stage Cementing

Solution
Capacities
1. Cas-Cas

- 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH

- 0.1268 cuft/ft

3. Cas

- 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

1000ft
1

Volumes
2670ft

1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft

2
3
3

4510ft
4600ft

11 Single Stage Cementing

Solution
Capacities
1. Cas-Cas

- 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH

- 0.1268 cuft/ft

3. Cas

- 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

1000ft
1

Volumes
2670ft

1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft

2

2. (4600ft - 2670ft) x 0.1268 cuft/ft = 244.7 cuft

3
3

4510ft
4600ft

12 Single Stage Cementing

Solution
Capacities
1. Cas-Cas

- 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH

- 0.1268 cuft/ft

3. Cas

- 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

1000ft
1

Volumes
2670ft

1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft

2

2. (4600ft - 2670ft) x 0.1268 cuft/ft = 244.7 cuft

3. (4600ft - 4510ft) x 0.2025 cuft/ft = 18.2 cuft

13 Single Stage Cementing

3
3

4510ft
4600ft

Solution
Capacities
1. Cas-Cas

- 0.1438 cuft/ft

2. Cas - OH

- 0.1268 cuft/ft

3. Cas

- 0.2025 cuft/ft, 0.0361 bbl/ft

1000ft
1

Volumes
2670ft

1. (2670ft - 1000ft) x 0.1438 cuft/ft = 240.2 cuft

2

2. (4600ft - 2670ft) x 0.1268 cuft/ft = 244.7 cuft

3. (4600ft - 4510ft) x 0.2025 cuft/ft = 18.2 cuft
TOTAL VOLUME = 503.1 CUFT
14 Single Stage Cementing

3
3

4510ft
4600ft

Excess

Excess in only calculated on Annular

Volume in THE OPEN HOLE
Only
Here

15 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1
z OH 50% Excess
z OH volume (2) of the previous problem:

244.7

cuft
z Excess Volume:

244.7 cuft x 50/100 = 122.35 cuft

Total OH Volume:

367.05 cuft

z OR
16 Single Stage Cementing

244.7 cuft x 1.50 = 367.05 cuft

Slurry Yield - Step B

The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called

YIELD

17 Single Stage Cementing

Slurry Yield - Step B

The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called
YIELD

CEMENT

18 Single Stage Cementing

Slurry Yield - Step B

The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called
YIELD

CEMENT

19 Single Stage Cementing

WATER

Slurry Yield - Step B

The volume of slurry produced when one sack of cement is
mixed with water is called
YIELD

CEMENT

WATER

The unit of slurry yield is cuft/sack

20 Single Stage Cementing

SLURRY

Note:
1 sack of cement
of 94 lbs

= 1 cuft

4.97 gals of water

= 0.66 cuft

21 Single Stage Cementing

Note:
1 sack of cement
of 94 lbs

= 1 cuft

4.97 gals of water

= 0.66 cuft

1 cuft + 0.66 cuft

= 1.66 cuft

22 Single Stage Cementing

Note:
1 sack of cement
of 94 lbs

= 1 cuft

4.97 gals of water

= 0.66 cuft

But the
Handbook states:

1.15 cuft/sack

WHY ?
1 cuft + 0.66 cuft

23 Single Stage Cementing

= 1.66 cuft

Bulk volume vs Absolute volume

One drum full
of dry cement
(1 drum = 1 cuft)

Same size drum

0.66 of water

24 Single Stage Cementing

Bulk volume vs Absolute volume

One drum full
of dry cement
(1 drum = 1 cuft)

Pour water
into cement
Same size drum
0.66 of water
Air in pore spaces will
be displaced by water
25 Single Stage Cementing

Note
z Yield varies with density

Basically, when you change the density you alter the

z Water / Cement ratio

....this changes the yield

z Normally ........

as you increase the water content the yield increases

26 Single Stage Cementing

Bentonite
API States:
Ideal Mix (15.8 ppg)

Lightweight Slurry (12.8) ppg

1 cu/ft

4.97 gals

1 cu/ft

4.97 gals

Cement

Water

Cement

Water

12%
BWOC

Extra
Water

1.15 cuft/sack

Bentonite

27 Single Stage Cementing

Bentonite
API States:
Ideal Mix (15.8 ppg)

Lightweight Slurry (12.8) ppg

1 cu/ft

4.97 gals

1 cu/ft

4.97 gals

Cement

Water

Cement

Water

12%
BWOC

Extra
Water

Bentonite

7.18 gals

1.15 cuft/sack

Only 4.97 gals water is required for the cement.

A chemical has to be added to react with the extra water.
28 Single Stage Cementing

Bentonite
z Bentonite is used in large quantities in oilfield slurries.
z As much as 25% BWOC is possible
z Offshore this presents a problem due to limited storage

capacities and dry blending facilities.

z If Bentonite is mixed with fresh mix water instead of being dry
blended only 1/4 of the amount is needed
This is called: PREHYDRATED BENTONITE
Example :
Dry
In Mix Water
2%BWOC
0.5%BWOC
4%BWOC
1% BWOC
10%BWOC
2.5%BWOC
29 Single Stage Cementing

Handbook Gives:
Ref
Class G Neat
700.06

- Density 15.8 lbs/gals

Yield = 1.15 cuft/sack

Water 4.97 gals/sack

Ref
Class G + 6% D20 - Density 13.9 lbs/gals
700.013
Water 8.56 gal/sx

30 Single Stage Cementing

Yield = 1.655 cuft/sack

Step C - Cement Calculations

z If you know what volume of slurry a sack of cement

[YIELD] produces at a certain weight, you can

calculate the amount of sacks required when you
know a volume.

31 Single Stage Cementing

Step C - Cement Calculations

z If you know what volume of slurry a sack of cement

[YIELD] produces at a certain weight, you can

calculate the amount of sacks required when you
know a volume.
VOLUME[cuft]
= Sacks
YIELD [cuft/sacks]

32 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] :
367.05 cuft

240.2 cuft

Tail volume [2 + 3] :
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft

33 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] :
367.05 cuft

240.2 cuft

Tail volume [2 + 3] :
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft

Use:
Lead Slurry :
Tail Slurry Neat

Class G + 6% D20 at 13.9 ppg

:
Class G at 15.8 ppg

Cement volume Lead:

34 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] :
367.05 cuft

240.2 cuft

Tail volume [2 + 3] :
+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft

Use:
Lead Slurry :
6% D20 at 13.9 ppg
Tail Slurry Neat
:
15.8 ppg
Cement volume Lead:
Cement volume Tail:
240.2 cuft
sacks
1.655 cuft/sack

35 Single Stage Cementing

= 145.2

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Previous Problem:
Lead volume [1] :

240.2 cuft

Use:
Lead Slurry
:
Tail Slurry Neat :
Cement volume Lead:
Cement volume Tail:

36 Single Stage Cementing

Tail volume [2 + 3] : 367.05 cuft

+ 18.2 cuft
385.35 cuft

6% D20 at 13.9 ppg

15.8 ppg
240.2 cuft
1.655 cuft/sack

= 145.2 sacks

385.25 cuft
1.15 cuft/sack

= 335.0 sacks

Mix Water - Step D

z If you know the number of sacks then you find the

gal/sk of mix water required and multiply

z Mix Fluid = gal/sack x number of sacks
CONVERT TO BBLS
(Your displacement tanks are in bbls)

37 Single Stage Cementing

Mix Water Quality

z In the laboratory, clean location water is used for

cement test. Test results are only obtainable in the

field when same water (= clean) is used.
z Causes for contamination:
Dirty rig tanks
Left over chemicals/mud in lines and pumps
Dirty displacement tanks

38 Single Stage Cementing

Total Water Available

1. Calculated mix water for cement + 20% safety
+
2. Water (ahead, behind, CW, spacer)
+
20 bbls minimum (priming and washing up)
= TOTAL WATER NEEDED

39 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water

40 Single Stage Cementing

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water
= 29.55 bbls

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

42 gal/bbl

41 Single Stage Cementing

1241.2 gal

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water
= 29.55 bbls

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water

42 Single Stage Cementing

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

1241.2 gal

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water
= 29.55 bbls

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

1241.2 gal

42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water
39.64 bbls

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

1664.95 gal =

42 gal/bbl

43 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

1241.2 gal

29.55 bbls

1664.95 gal =

39.64 bbls

42 gal/bbl

Tail mix water

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

42 gal/bbl

Total mix water

44 Single Stage Cementing

69.19 bbls

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

1241.2 gal

29.55 bbls

1664.95 gal =

39.64 bbls

42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

42 gal/bbl
Total mix water

69.19 bbls

20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 =

13.84 bbls

45 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

1241.2 gal

29.55 bbls

1664.95 gal =

39.64 bbls

42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

42 gal/bbl
Total mix water

69.19 bbls

20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 =

13.84 bbls

No water ahead, behind, CW, spacer

46 Single Stage Cementing

0 bbls

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

1241.2 gal

29.55 bbls

1664.95 gal =

39.64 bbls

42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

42 gal/bbl
Total mix water

69.19 bbls

20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 =

13.84 bbls

No water ahead, behind, CW, spacer

Priming, washing up

47 Single Stage Cementing

0 bbls
20 bbls

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead mix water

145sx x 8.56 gal/sx

1241.2 gal

29.55 bbls

1664.95 gal =

39.64 bbls

42 gal/bbl
Tail mix water

335sx x 4.97 ga/sx

42 gal/bbl
Total mix water

69.19 bbls

20% safety margin : 66.19 bbl x 20/100 =

13.84 bbls

No water ahead, behind, CW, spacer

0 bbls

Priming, washing up

20 bbls

Total water needed

103 bbls

48 Single Stage Cementing

Additives - Step E
z Solid Additives
z Calculated as a % by weight of dry cement.

Except: Salt
Small amounts will not effect calculation
z Liquid Additives
z Calculated as gallons of additives per sack of bulk

cement
z Subtract total amount of liquid additives from amount
of mix fluid to have real amount of mix water.
49 Single Stage Cementing

Example: Problem 1 (Continued)

Lead
6% D20 BWOC
Tail
0.2 gal/sack of D80
Solid Additives

(145 sks)
(335 sks)

145 sacks x 94 lbs/sack x 6/100

Liquid Additives

= 817.8 lbs

335 sacks x 0.2 gal/sack

= 67 gal
Note : Mix water of tail slurry will change
Mix fluid: 335sx x 4.97 gal/sk
=1664.95 gal
Mix water
= Mix fluid - liquid additives
1664.95 gal - 67 gal = 38.1 bbl
42 gal/bbl
50 Single Stage Cementing

Displacement
z To FLOAT COLLAR unless otherwise stated

Exceptions
1. STAB-IN CEMENTING:
Displacement to 10-15 before stab-in shoe
Check returns - OK - pull out and circulate

2. GUIDE SHOE:
Displace to 20-30 before shoe

NEVER OVERDISPLACE
51 Single Stage Cementing

Displacement
z To FLOAT COLLAR unless otherwise stated

Exceptions
1. STAB-IN CEMENTING:
Displacement to 10-15 before stab-in shoe
Check returns - OK - pull out and circulate

2. GUIDE SHOE:
Displace to 20-30 before shoe

NEVER OVERDISPLACE
52 Single Stage Cementing

Estimated Job Time - Step G

MIXING TIME
+
DISPLACEMENT TIME
+
10 MINUTES (DROP PLUGS ...)
= ESTIMATION OF JOB TIME
1 1/2 HOUR (SAFETY)
= MINIMUM THICKENING TIME
53 Single Stage Cementing

Estimated Job Time - Problem 1 (Continued)

z

Mixing time + Displacement time + Plugs mixing time:

Lead
Tail

42.8
68.6

:
:

Displacement:
Dropping Plugs
Total
z

4 bpm
8bpm

10.5 mins
8.5 mins

11mins
9 mins

4510ft x 0.0361 bbl/ft = 162.8 bbl

: 12 bpm13.6 mins
14 mins
10 mins
44 mins

To allow a safe margin to do this job we expect at least 1 hr extra for the
cement to be still pumpable after it is put in place.
ie, 1hrs 44 mins

54 Single Stage Cementing

Examples - Example 1
Calculate : Slurry Volumes, Cement Volumes,
Mix Water, Additives, Displacement
Job Time
Well Data: 9 5/8 53.5 lb/ft casing, shoe at 9800,
collar at 9760, OH 12 1/4 + 25% excess,
previous casing 13 3/8 68 lb/ft at 2900

Slurries:

Lead: 5 bpm 9300 - surface

Class G @ 12.8 ppg

12% BWOC Bentonite
0.3% BWOC D13
Tail: 3 bpm 9800 - 9300
Class G Neat @ 15.8 ppg
0.05% BWOC D28
0.5% BWOC D65
Displacement: 8 bpm
55 Single Stage Cementing

Examples - Example 1
Calculate : Slurry Volumes, Cement Volumes,
Mix Water, Additives, Displacement
Job Time
Well Data: 9 5/8 53.5 lb/ft casing, shoe at 9800,
collar at 9760, OH 12 1/4 + 25% excess,
previous casing 13 3/8 68 lb/ft at 2900

Sluuries:

Lead: 5 bpm 9300 - surface

Class G @ 12.8 ppg

12% BWOC Bentonite
0.3% BWOC D13
Tail: 3 bpm 9800 - 9300
Class G Neat @ 15.8 ppg
0.05% BWOC D28
0.5% BWOC D65
Displacement: 8 bpm
56 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 68 lbs/ft

2900'

9300'

3
4

9 5/8", 53.5 lbs/ft

12 1/4" OH
9760'
9800'

Solution - Example 1
z Capacities

CAS/CAS

: 0.3354 cuft/ft

CAS OH

: 0.3132 cuft/ft

CAS

: 0.3973 cuft/ft , 0.0708 bbl/ft

z 1. Volumes

57 Single Stage Cementing

Solution - Example 1
z Capacities

CAS/CAS

: 0.3354 cuft/ft

CAS OH

: 0.3132 cuft/ft

CAS

: 0.3973 cuft/ft , 0.0708 bbl/ft

z 1. Volumes
Lead
(1) 2900ft x 0.3354 cuft/ft
(2) 9300ft - 2900ft x 0.3132

= 972.7 cuft
= 2004 cuft

Excess = 2004 cuft x 0.25 =

501 cuft

Total = 3477 cuft

58 Single Stage Cementing

Tail
(3) 9800ft - 9300ft x 0.3132 cuft/ft = 156.cuft
(4) 40ft x 0.3973 cuft/ft
= 15.9 cuft
Excess 156.6 cuft x 0.25

= 39.2 cuft

Total = 211.7 cuft

Solution - Example 1

Capacities
CAS/CAS
:0.3354 CUFT/FT
CAS OH
:0.3132 CUFT/FT
CAS :
0.3973 CUFT/FT, 0.0708 BBL/FT
1.
Volumes
Lead
(1) 2900ft x 0.3354 cuft/ft
(2) 9300ft - 2900ft x 0.3132

= 972.7 cuft
= 2004 cuft

Excess = 2004 cuft x 0.25 =

501 cuft

Tail
(3) 9800ft - 9300ft x 0.3132 cuft/ft = 156.cuft
(4) 40ft x 0.3973 cuft/ft
= 15.9 cuft
Excess 156.6 cuft x 0.25

Total = 3477 cuft

Total = 211.7 cuft

2. Yield
Handbook 700.013
700.006
59 Single Stage Cementing

= 39.2 cuft

2.165 cuft/sk (lead)

1.15 cuft/sk (tail)

z 3. Cement

Lead :

Solution - Example 1
3477 cuft

= 1606 sacks

2.165 cuft/sk

Tail :

211.7 cuft = 184 sacks

1.15 cuft/sk

z 4. Mix Fluid

Lead :

1606sk x 12.15 gals/sk

= 464.5 bbls

42 gal/bbl

Tail :

184sk x 4.97 gals/sk

42 gal/bbl

60 Single Stage Cementing

21.8 bbls

Solution - Example 1
z 5. Additives

Lead :
Tail :

61 Single Stage Cementing

= 18116 lbs
D20 : 1606sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.12
D13 : 1606sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.003 = 453 lbs
D28 : 184sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.0005 = 8.6 lbs
D65 : 184sk x 94lbs/sk x 0.005 = 86 lbs

Solution - Example 1
z

6. Displacement
9760ft x 0.0708 bbl/ft = 691 bbls

7. Job Thickening Time

Lead
3477 cuft
= 124 min
5.6146 cuft/bbl x 5 bpm
Tail :
211.7 cuft
= 13 min
5.6146 cuft/bbl x 3 bpm
Displacement:
691 bbls
= 86 min
8 bpm
Drop Plugs
= 10 min
Safety
= 60 min
298 min
Minimum TT is
4 hrs 53 min

62 Single Stage Cementing

Example 2

Data :
Casing

Open hole

Cement

Calculate :

63 Single Stage Cementing

9 5/8, 53.5 lbs/ft, 8600

7, 29 lbs/ft, 14300
Float collar - 14230
8 1/2
Section from 10200 - 10800 : 9
Lead :
- Top surface @ 7 bpm
- G at 13.5 ppg
- 0.05 gals/sk D109
- 0.1 gals/sk D80
- 8% BWOC - D20
Tail :
- 250 sacks @ 5 bpm
- Class G @ 15.7 ppg
- 30% BWOC D66
- 0.1 gals/sk D81
- 0.5 gals/sk D603

Slurry Volume
Cement Volume
Mix water
Additives
Displacement @ 7 bpm
Job Time

Solution - Example 2
9 5/8" , 53.5 lbs/ft

3
44
5

64 Single Stage Cementing

8600'
8.5" OH
7", 29 lbs/ft
10200'
9" OH
10800'
11507'
14230'

14300'

Capacities
CAS/CAS
CAS/OHX

Solution - Example 2
: 0.1301 cuft/ft
: 0.1745 cuft/ft

CAS OH
CAS

: 0.1268 cuft/ft
: 0.2086 cuft/ft , 0.0371 bbl/ft

1. Volumes
Tail : Yield is 1.475 cuft/sk
250 sacks
---> 250 x 1.475
= 368.75 cuft
Volume (5) + (6)
= 368.75 cuft
(6)
= 70 x 0.2086
= 14.6 cuft
(5)
= 368.75 - 14.6
= 354.15 cuft
Height in annulus
354.15 cuft
= 2793
0.1268 cuft/ft
14300 - 2793'
= 11, 507'
Lead: Surface - 11, 507'
(1) 8600 x 0.1301
= 1118.86 cuft
(2) (10200 - 8600) x 0.1268
= 202.88 cuft
(3) (10800 - 10200) x 0.1745
= 104.70 cuft
(4) (11507 - 10800) x 0.1268
= 89.64 cuft
Total Lead = 1516.1 cu ft

65 Single Stage Cementing

Solution - Example 2
z

2. Cement sacks
Lead
:

Tail
z

3. Mix fluid
Lead
Tail

66 Single Stage Cementing

Handbook : 13.5 ppg

Class"G"
8% D20
Yield = 1.825 cuft/Sk
1516.1 cuft
= 830.7
1.825 cuft/sack
:
250 sacks

831sk x 9.76 gal/sk

42 gal/bbl
: 250 sks x 6.15 gals/sk
42 gal/bbl

193.1 bbls

36.6 bbls

831 sacks

4. Additives
Lead:

Tail:D66

5. Mix water
Lead:
Tail:

67 Single Stage Cementing

Solution - Example 2
D20
: 831 sks x 94 x 0.08
= 6249 lbs
D109
: 831 sks x 0.05 gals/sk
= 41.5 gals
D80
: 831 sks x 0.1 gals/sk
= 83.1 gals
Total fluid = 124.6 gals
: 250 sks x 94 x 0.3
= 7050 lbs
D81
: 250 sks x 0.1 gals/sk
= 25 gals
D603
: 250 sks x 0.5 gals/sk
= 125 gals
Total fluid = 150 gals

193.bbls - 124.6gal = 190.1 bbls

42gal/bbl
36.6bbls - 150gal = 33.0 bbls
42gal/bbl

Solution - Example 2
z

6. Displacement
14230ft' x 0.0371 bbl/ft

= 527.9 bbl

7. Job Thickening Time

Lead
Tail

: 270 bbls :
: 65.7 bbls :

5 bpm

Plugs
Displacement 527.9 bbls
Safety Margin

7 bpm

38.5

13.1

min

:
:

7 bpm

:
Min TT is 3 hrs 16 min

68 Single Stage Cementing

min

10

75

min

60

min
min

Job Pressures
z Example No 1
13 3/8" , 68 lbs/ft

z Tail Slurry at 15.8 ppg

Top of Tail at 9300 Ft

Lead slurry at 12.8 ppg to
surface

2900'

z Displace with 11.5 ppg Mud

z Find differential pressure at

end of Job
69 Single Stage Cementing

9300'

3
4

9 5/8", 53.5 lbs/ft

12 1/4" OH
9760'
9800'

Hydrostatic Pressure Calcs

Tubing Hydrostatic
z
Mud Hydrostatic
Pmud = 11.5 x 9760 x 0.052
Pmud = 5836 psi
Annular Hydrostatic
z
Tail Slurry Hydrostatic
PTail = 15.8 x(9760 - 9300)x 0.052
PTail = 378 psi
z
Lead Slurry Hydrostatic
PLead= 12.8 x 9300 x 0.052
PLead = 6190 psi
z
Differential pressure
PDiff= Annular Hyd. - Tubing Hyd.
z

= (6190 +378) - 5836

PDiff = 732 psi = Surface pump

pressure
70 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 68 lbs/ft

2900'

9300'

3
4

9 5/8", 53.5 lbs/ft

12 1/4" OH
9760'
9800'

Long String Cement Calcs

z

Primary Cement Job

9 5/8 Csg , 40 lbs/ft
Shoe @ 9980 - Collar @ 9900
Tail slurry @ 15.8 ppg to 9480
Lead slurry @ 12.8 ppg to 2100
50 Bbls Chemical Wash ahead.
z Previous Casing
13 3/8 Csg ,77 lbs/ft
Shoe @ 3150
z 12 1/4 OH - Assume 10% Excess.
Find Lead, Tail and Displacement
Volumes required.
Calculate Differential pressure at
the end of the job (ignore
friction).
71 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Mud @ 11.3 ppg

1
2100

Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg

Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
3150'

9480'

3
4

9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
12 1/4" OH
9900'
Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'

Long String Cement Calcs - Solution

z

Capacities
Csg/OH Ann = 0.0558 bbls/ft
Csg/Csg Ann = 0.0564 bbls/ft
9 5/8 Csg cap (40 #/ft) = 0.0758 bbls/ft
Tail volume = Vol of Shoe track
+ Vol outside csg (with XS)
= 0.0758 x (9980 - 9900)
+ 0.0558 x (9980 - 9480) x 1.10
= 6.06 + 30.69 = 36.75 = 37 Bbls
= 206.3 cuft
Lead volume = Vol in Csg/OH Ann (with XS)
+ Vol in Csg/Csg Ann
= 0.0558 x (9480 - 3150) x 1.10
+ 0.0564 x (3150 - 2100)
= 388.53 + 59.22 = 447.75
= 448 Bbls
= 2514.04 cuft

72 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Mud @ 11.3 ppg

1
2100

Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg

Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
3150'

9480'

3
4

9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
12 1/4" OH
9900'
Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'

Long String Cement Calcs - Solution

z

Capacities
Csg/OH Ann = 0.0558 bbls/ft
Csg/Csg Ann = 0.0564 bbls/ft
9 5/8 Csg cap (40 #/ft) = 0.0758
bbls/ft
Displacement volume = Csg Vol to
float
collar
= 0.0758 x 9900
= 750 Bbls
Differential pressure at end of Job :
= Hydrostatic of Lead and tail cement
columns + Hydrostatic of wash +
Hydrostatic of remaining mud in
annulus LESS Hydrostatic of
displacing fluid + Hydrostatic of Tail
cement in shoe joint

73 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Mud @ 11.3 ppg

1
2100

Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg

Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
3150'

9480'

3
4

9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
12 1/4" OH
9900'
Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'

Long String Cement Calcs - Solution

z

Capacities
Csg/OH Ann = 0.0558 bbls/ft
Csg/Csg Ann = 0.0564 bbls/ft
9 5/8 Csg cap (40 #/ft) = 0.0758
bbls/ft
Height of Chemical wash in Csg/Csg
Ann
= 50 / 0.0564
= 886 ft
Height of Tail = 9980 - 9480 = 500 ft
Height of Lead = 9480 - 2100 = 7380 ft
Height of Chem Wash = 886 ft
Remainder is Mud behind casing
= 9900 - (420 + 7380 + 886)
= 1214 ft

74 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Mud @ 11.3 ppg

1
2100

Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg

Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
3150'

9480'

3
4

9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
12 1/4" OH
9900'
Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'

Long String Cement Calcs - Solution

z

Annulus hydrostatic is total of Cement

slurries + Chem Wash + Mud :
= 15.8 x 500 x 0.052 ( =Tail slurry)
+ 12.8 x 7380 x 0.052 ( = Lead slurry)
+ 8.4 x 886 x 0.052 (= Chem Wash)
+ 11.3 x 1214 x 0.052 ( Mud in Ann)
= 410 + 4912 + 387 + 713
= 6423 psi
Hydrostatic inside casing :
= 11.3 x 9900 x 0.052 (=Mud, disp.)
+ 15.8 x 80 x 0.052 (=Tail slurry)
= 5817 + 65.7 = 5883 psi
Differential pressure at float collar :
= psi outside csg - psi inside csg
= 6423 - 5883
= 540 psi

75 Single Stage Cementing

13 3/8" , 77 lbs/ft
Mud @ 11.3 ppg

1
2100

Chemical wash @ 8.4 ppg

Lead Slurry @ 12.8 ppg
3150'

9480'

3
4

9 5/8", 40 lbs/ft
12 1/4" OH
9900'
Tail Slurry @ 15.8 ppg
9980'