International Journal of Advanced and Innovative Research (2278-7844) / #73 / Volume 4 Issue 1 Efficacy of GCMAF in Treating Feline Immunodeficiency Virus in a Cat: a Case Report Giovanna Gallone ', Dario Siniscalco ** 1 Cancellawismo ~no profit association for autiom care, $0132 Florence aly. 2 Second Univer of Naples, 80138 Naples, aly Corresponding author: Davo Sinscalco, Chem.D., Ph.D. Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, via . Maria di Castantinopolt 16, 80138 Naples, lal 32 (lab) +39 (0) 5665850 (fie) fx: +39 (0) 5667503 mobile home: +39 (0) 56675: Abstract—A male eat was diagnosed of FIV infection. After inefficacious antibiotics therapy, the owner treated the cat with Ge Macrophage Activating Factor (GeMAF), a prote responsible to induce macropaghe activation. After five weeks of treatment, the cat showed strong signs of improvement. As novel information, we indicate the possible use of GeMAF in FIV ‘management. Keywords— feline immunodeficiency ‘Activating Factor, cat. virus,Ge Macrophage L._IytRopucrion Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a retrovirus of lentivirus subfamily responsible fo an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in cats (commonly known as feline AIDS). This virus infects domestic cats worldwide, the prevalence is increasing from an estimated 11% to the latest 15% [1,2] Infected cats can show no evident symptoms for several years, although the virus is able to replicate and destroy the immune system [3]. A latent and progressive decline in immune functions is present, leading to the development of clinical symptoms. ‘The mortality due to direct viral effects is generally low, however, as infected cats undergo to increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, mortality rate ean be high, By a cellular point of view, FIV is able to deplete the CD4+ T lymphocytes, as well as CD8* lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, ‘monocytes and macrophages, strongly affecting the immune system [4] FIV is currently indicated as an incurable disease, Common prescribed therapeutical treatments for this immune- deficiency syndrome are: antibiotics to treat eventual secondary infections and, with a discretionary point of view from the caregiver, vitamins and natural drugs to increase the immune system responses, Ge Macrophage Activating Factor (GeMAF) is a protein responsible for macrophage activation [5]. It has been demonstrated its role in treating autistic patients [6], and an in © 2015 IJAIR. All Rights Reserved 39 339 7468956 di vitro study has demonstrated its involvement on macrophagic cell activation (7) This case report shows the efficacy of GeMAF treatment in a cease of FIV-infected cat I. CASE DESCRIPTION A male domestic cat (Feliscatus), S years old, was diagnosed with FIV from a veterinary doctor. The cat, named Tigro, showed blood inside the mouth, saliva dripped continuously from the mouth. He had stopped cating and could not even lick the fur to Keep clean (fig, 1,B-C). The cat underwent to prescribed antibiotic therapy, without suce The owner has an autistic son currently treated with GcMAF So, she tried to use GeMAF also on her cat to treat FIV. The cat was treated with 100 ng of GeMAF in 0.05 mi, by inter- scapular injection, once per week for five weeks, After treatment, Tigro showed substantial signs of improvement (fig 1,D-E), He now eats and licks normally, and his health seems {© be almost the same of before the disease (fig. 1,4), as certified by a veterinary doctor. GcMAF was purchased by Immuno Biotech (St, Peter Port, Guernsey, UK). DISCUSSION We report here a remarkable and significant irnprovement after GeMAF treatment in a FIV-infected male domestic eat. This is the first observation on the use and efficacy of GeMAF to teat FIV, As cave report, we only show our results t0 stimulate further research, also by a molecular point of view, on the possible use ofthis bo-molecce in FIV trentment GeMAF is «protein involved in regulating immune system Barly studies demonstrated anti-cancer effects of GeMAF [8] The GeMAFtumor killing activity is due. through the activation of macrophages [9]. Indeed, GeMAF-activated Imacrophages recognize abnormalities on the tumor cell surface, triggering tumor cell death Very interesting, in viral dssass, it bas boon demonstrated that GeMAF was effecive as immunotherapeutie drug in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patents [10] HIV-infected cells show increased activity of alpha-) acetylgalactosaminidase (Nagalase) [10], an resporstble far eatalyzing the deplycosyation ofthe AF. BInternational Journal of Advanced and Innovative Research (2278-7844) / #74 / Volume 4 Issue 1 precursor Ge protein (also known as vitamin D3 binding protein) [7]. DeglycosylatedGe protein is incapable of being converted to the GcMAF. In this way, macrophagic cells of HIV-infected patients cannot be activated, leading 10 immunosuppression. GeMAF treatment was able to enhance immune response against infected cells through macrophage re-activation [10] It is noteworthy to consider that FIV is closely related to HIV. Indeed, FIV is considered as model to study HIV [11,12] Both these lentiviruses shares genomic organization, lymphocyte destruction, induction of immunodeficiency and way of growing inside the host, Even if not well clarified, Nagalase-like enzyme could be present also in FIV [13] indicating that this way of action may be the same. IV.CONCLUSIONS ‘This case report shows the efficacy of GeMAF treatment in a FIV-infected cat. More and stronger research is needed to further confirm and clarify this result, as well as the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. We would like 10 suggest and to stimulate further studies on this topic. Conflict of interest ‘Authors declare they have no conflicts of interest. ig, 1The male cat object ofthis case report. 1A before being infected from FIV, UB-€ feted from FIV, 1 D-E after GeMAP teatment ‘© 2015 LAIR. All Rights Reserved References a a b) 4) (5) (6) am 8) i} 19) i) 3) CCourchamp F, Pontier D. 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