Us History 2014 Sem 2ba

The Great Depression (1928-1932)
Ch. 8 Sec. 1. Notes # 1
Factors that lead to the Depression - Overproduction of

crops and domestic goods, low consumption, wealth disparity,
limited money supply, high interest rates, and high stock
speculation all contributed to the economic instability and
resulted in the Great Depression.
Stock speculation - investors engaged in stock speculation
because stock prices were soaring, confidence was high, and
credit was easy to obtain.
Black Tuesday - The stock market collapsed on October 29 th
when investors rushed to sell their stocks and prices dropped.
Herbert Hoover - was the 31st President of the United States
Prior to becoming president he was known for his humanitarian
relief efforts in war-torn Belgium and served as head of the
U.S. Food Administration before and during World War I
The Great Crash Continued after October well into
November with stock losses totaling $30 billion

Farms - The price for crops dropped after World War I and
farmers could not sell enough to repay the debt that they had
accrued.
Scottsboro Case Nine black youths were accused of rape in
Alabama in 1931. The case included a frame-up, an all-white
jury, rushed trials, an attempted lynching by angry mobs, and
is an example of racism and miscarriage of justice.
The Great Depression spread - from the United States to
Europe and disrupted international trade and the global
economy.
HawleySmoot Tariff - signed into law on June 17, 1930,
that raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to
record levels. The Smoot-Hawley and the ensuing tariff wars
were highly counter-productive at the time.
Class Quiz #1
1. Farmers did not share in the prosperity of the 1920s because they did
not
A) try to sell to foreign markets.
B) produce enough crops to sell.
C) keep up with new technology. D) make enough money to pay off debts.
2. Stock speculation became common because
A) many banks had closed.
B) stock prices kept going up.
C) credit became more difficult to get.
D) no confidence in the market.
3. Which economic factors led to the Great Depression?
A) underproduction, high consumption, low interest rates, and high stock
speculation
C) overproduction, disparity of wealth, limited money supply, and high stock
speculation
D) overproduction, high consumption, limited money supply, and low stock
speculation
4. The Great Depression affected
A) only American farmers.
B) only the United States economy.
C) only the United States and European economies.
D) the global economy.
5. Which of the following declined sharply on Black Tuesday?
A) crop yields
B) stock prices
C) interest rates
D) industrial production
Quick Write #1
In your opinion, what race
should a Jury be made up of in
order for you to get a fair trial
today. Should that be true of
all people. Justify your opinion.

The Great Depression urban unemployment increased

from under 4 percent in 1929 to almost 25 percent by 1933.
Hoovervilles Many homeless people of the era grouped
together and built shanty towns out scrape materials in vacant
lots. These became known as Hoovervilles
Soup Kitchens and Bread Lines - Many families had to wait
in bread lines for handouts and go to soup kitchens for free
meals.
Dust Bowl - A long drought, severe dust storms, and years of
intensive farming that stripped the topsoil from the plains
Between 1931 and 1940. So much soil blew out of central and
southern great plains that the region became known as the
Dust Bowl.
Bank Foreclosures Banks repossessed farm equipment and
foreclosed on family farms who failed to pay their mortage.
Tenant Farmers Some framers remained on their land
working for bigger land owners rather than themselves.

Penny Auction Farmers would keep bids low on land and

equipment to assist their neighbors who had lost their farms
and equipment to the banks at auction allowing them purchase
back their loses for only pennies
Okies Although only some actually came from Oklahoma
Dust Bowl refugees became known as Okies.
Minority groups - including African Americans and Mexican
Americans, were often the last hired and the first fired during
the Great Depression when competition for jobs increased
Repatriation Involved efforts by local, state, and federal
governments to encourage or coerce Mexican immigrants and
their naturalized children to return to Mexico.
Class Quiz #2
1. Hoovervilles referred to what
A) increased Unemployment
B) Shanty towns
C) Foreign Internment camps.
D) Stock Market Campers.
2. In the early 1930s, many families survived by
A) eating more meat.
B) drinking milk instead of water.
C) collecting unemployment compensation.
D) getting food from soup kitchens and bread lines.
3. Many homeless people struggled to survive by
A) building Hoovervilles.
B) avoiding public spaces.
C) engaging in stock speculation.
D) migrating to the Great Plains to farm.
4. Which factors contributed to the Dust Bowl?

A) drought, dust storms, and intensive farming
B) drought, dammed rivers, and intensive farming
C) flooding, dammed rivers, and dust storms
D) flooding, dust storms, and extensive farming
5. During the Great Depression, minority groups

A) migrated south to work on tenant farms.
B) often were the last hired and the first fired.
C) experienced lower levels of unemployment.
D) were deported in large numbers back to their countries
of origin.
Quick Write
Look at the images on pages
264-265. What do you think it
would have been like to live in
hoovervilles.

President Hoover's policies - appeared to have failed

because despite Hoover's efforts, by the end of his term,
employment rates kept rising nearing 25 percent, farm prices
were still dropping, and production was slowing.
Localism - relied on local and state governments to provide
jobs and spearhead relief efforts.
The Business Cycle - Hoover thought that the natural
business cycle would correct itself. President Hoover followed a
hands-off policy at the start of the Great Depression because
he viewed the upswings and downswings of business cycles as
natural happenings and that business would correct itself.
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation The RFC was
established to make loans to banks and business to stimulate
economic activity but little of the money trickled down to
workers as intended.

Trickle Down Economics A belief that money poured into

the top of the economic pyramid would trickle down to the
base. Hoover thought that if the government lent money to
bankers then they would lend the money to business, and
businesses would hire people. It failed because the banks held
the money to pay off the bad loans and the money lent to
businesses was distributed to the owners and wasnt
reinvested in hiring new workers. The money stayed at the
top.
Bonus Army WW1 veterans demanded an early payment of
A congressional act that promised bonus money to the
veterans groups. They argued that the out of work veterans
needed the money now. The group of veterans marched on
Washington and became known as the Bonus Army.
Quick Write
Why do you think in despite of
the failing government and
economy that Americans were
not likely to start a revolution?
Class Quiz Ch. 8 Sec. 3
1. President Hoover's policies appeared to have failed because

A) unemployment rates kept rising.
B) production continued to increase.
C) prices for farm crops started rising.
D) banks took out government loans to stay afloat.
2. What group of people marched on Washington, D.C. after
World War I?
A) homeless people
B) Dust Bowl migrants
C) World War I veterans
D) Hoover Dam workers
3. Localism emphasized the powers of the
A) military.
B) Congress.
C) President.
D) state governments.
Continued Class Quiz Ch. 8 Sec. 3
4. The RFC most benefited

A) banks.
B) farmers.
C) investors.
D) unemployed laborers.
5. President Hoover followed a hands-off policy at the

start of the Great Depression because he
A) distrusted the idea of "rugged individualism."
B) did not think local and state governments could handle
the relief effort.
C) viewed the upswings and downswings of business cycles
as natural happenings.
D) believed that interference by the federal government
caused the Great Depression.

President Roosevelt - sent his wife Eleanor Roosevelt to inform

the Bonus Army that the government could not afford to pay them
their bonuses?
Localism - Hoover thought that the federal government should
stay out of depression relief, leaving it to state and local
government.
Fireside Chats - President Roosevelt delivered many informal
radio messages. These radio messages calmed many Americans'
fears about the depression and were known as Fireside Chats
Brain Trust - President Roosevelt sought advice from a diverse
group of people which offered advice to the President on his New
Deal programs nicknamed the
F.D.R. In 1932 Americans were ready for change. The relatively
unknown governor of New York Franklin Delano Roosevelt
accepted the Democratic Nomination for President.
New Deal A campaign program slogan that promised America
change. Roosevelt knew that government had to play a role in
recovery and relief to Americans

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) A public program that

put people to work by maintaining forests, beaches, and
parks.
FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured bank
deposits up to $5000 dollars
(AAA)- Agricultural Adjustment Administration Set up to pay
subsides to farmers to stop growing food in the hopes that
decreased supply would raise the demand and price.
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Provided cheap
electricity by re-activating a Hydro-electric plant from WWI.
Fire Side chats Roosevelt communicated to the American
people through Informal radio addresses
The Federal Council on Negro Affairs Known as the
Black Cabinet was led by Mary McLeod Bethune. The Council
advised the president and increased support by African
Americans for the New Deal
1. established by Congress in 1933 to address a wide range of

environmental, economic, and technological issues, including the
delivery of low-cost electricity and the management of natural
resources?
A) AAA
B) WPA
C) TVA
D) CCC
2. Who did President Roosevelt send to inform the Bonus Army that the
government could not afford to pay them their bonuses?
A) Theodore Roosevelt
B) Eleanor Roosevelt
C) Charles Coughlin
D) Herbert Hoover
3. Herbert Hoover believed that depression relief should come from the
A) armed forces.
B) southern farmers.
C) federal government.
D) state and local government.
Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 1 continued
4. President Roosevelt delivered many informal radio

messages called
A) radio announcements.
B) radio chats.
C) fireside chats.
D) presidential discussions.
5. President Roosevelt sought advice from a diverse
group of people nicknamed the
A) Brain Trust.
B) eyes and ears.
C) New Deal Coalition.
D) Bonus Army.
Quick Write
President Roosevelt sought advice from
a diverse group called his Brain Trust
If President Obama hired you as part of
his brain trust what would you advise
him to do?
Video:
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=play
er_detailpage&v=6bMq9Ek6jnA

Ch. 9 Sec. 2 Notes # 5
2nd New Deal The second one hundred days of FDRs

presidency where he introduced social welfare benefits,
stricter control over business, stronger support for
unions, and higher taxes on the rich.
Social Security System Provided financial security to
people who could not support themselves. This included
old age pensions and survivors benefits, unemployment
insurance, and aid for children and the disabled.
African Americans - were disproportionately employed
as domestic workers and farmworkers and therefore
were not eligible for Social Security benefits.
The Rural Electrification Act provided - money to
electric utilities to build power lines.
Public Work Programs (PWP) Government funded
projects to build facilities, and to put people to work

Supreme Court - declared the NIRA (National Industrial

Recovery Act) unconstitutional and refused to the funding for
Farm subsides under the (AAA) Agricultural Adjustment
Administration
FDR's "court packing" plan - When the Supreme Court
began voting against the constitutionality of New Deal
programs, FDR wanted to add justices to the court to lessen
the power of more conservative justices.
Wagner Act Recognized the rights of workers to join labor
unions and gave them right to use collective bargaining.
Collective bargaining Meant that employers had to
negotiate with the Unions about hours, wages, work
conditions
Fair Labor Standards Act Provided workers with more
rights such as minimum wage, a maximum work week of 44
hours, and outlawed child labor.
1. The Social Security Act provided benefits for

A) farmers.
B) artists.
C) retirees.
D) domestic workers.
2. The Rural Electrification Act provided
A) telephones to all farmers and farmworkers.
B) incentives for industry to move to rural areas.
C) money to electric utilities to build power lines.
D) land for farmers to build hydroelectric plants.
3. FDR's "court packing" plan was designed to help lessen
the power of which group?
A) farmers
B) the Cabinet
C) Supreme Court
D) labor unions
4. Which of the following groups was most often denied

Social Security benefits because of their type of
employment?
A) blue collar workers
B) government employees
C) elderly women
D) African Americans
Quick Write:
Social Security System was designed as
a safety net for those Americans who
could not support themselves. This
system may not be available to you when
you retire because government has used
it unwisely. However, you will pay into it
through your taxes most of your adult
life. How does that make you feel?

The Role of First Lady - Eleanor Roosevelt refused to be only a

ceremonial role as First Lady. First Ladies did not traditionally
speak out concerning political issues. Eleanor expressed her
opinion openly by her "My Day" column entries
The negative effect of the TVA - The building of dams and other
projects along the Columbia River upset the natural habitat of
aquatic life in the area.
The effect on Congress - The New Deal Coalition gave the
Democrats a majority in Congress. Democrats controlled the House
of Representatives for all but four years from 1932 to 1995.
Automatic pay deductions - To give money to the elderly, the
federal government began withdrawing money directly from
paychecks. This was the first time that the government had
withdrawn money directly from paychecks.
The Effect on immigrants - felt a greater sense of belonging to
the mainstream because of programs like the WPA and CCC. These
programs put people from different backgrounds together, which
often broke down regional and ethnic prejudices

New Deal Critics - Claim the New Deal is Un-American and

that it leading to Socialism and/or a communist style state.
Economic Nationalism A government takeover of banks
and other institutions. The banks were now regulated by the
federal government and insured. Many feared total takeover
and a socialist state
Socialism - an economy in which the state owns the major
factors of production, central planning occurs, and attempts
are made to equalize income
American Liberty League A group led by Presidential
candidate Alfred E. Smith called the New Deal unconstitutional
and un-American
Demagogues Leaders who manipulate people with half
truths, deceptive promises, and scare tactics
Deficit spending paying out more money from the annual
federal budget than the government receives from revenue
1. What group felt a greater sense of belonging to the mainstream

because of programs like the WPA and CCC?
A) Native Americans
B) immigrants
C) women
D) farmers
2. The New Deal Coalition gave which political group a majority in
Congress?
A) Democrats
B) Republicans
C) Independents
D) Socialists
3. Which characteristic of Eleanor Roosevelt is shown by her "My
Day" column entries?
A) concern for equality in the national government
B) distrust of all elected members of Congress
C) enjoyment in pointing out the flaws of Congress
D) refusal to lead only a ceremonial role as First Lady
4. What negative effect did the TVA and the dams built
along the Columbia River have on the environment?
A) damaged habitats
B) caused flooding
C) sped up soil erosion
D) caused the Dust Bowl
5. To give money to the elderly, the federal government
began
A) increasing the poll tax
B) placing tariffs on goods
C) withdrawing money directly from paychecks
D) spending money it did not have
Quick Write:
Alaska has huge deposits of oil.
Do you believe that we should
drill for the oil in the Alaskan
wilderness and possibly upset
the environment?

Federal Art Project - funding to popular and fine arts

programs created a boom in culture.
Literature Several classics emerged during this time like The
Good Earth by Pearl Buck and the The Grapes of Wrath by
John Steinbeck.
Radio and Movies these new mediums provide an escape
from everyday life. Radio host like Jack Benny and George Burns
were popular. Movies by the Marx Bothers and the provided
laughter and amazement.
The Wizard Oz One of the most memorable depression-era
films. In it Dorothy sings of better times in Somewhere over
the rainbow
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs - produced by Walt
Disney in 1937. It is the first full-length cell animated feature
film
Superman - is a fictional character, a superhero that appears in
comic books and is an American cultural icon first appeared in
Action Comics in June 1938.

The War of the Worlds Based on the book by H.G Wells,

the Mercury Theatre directed by Orson Welles aired a
Halloween Radio broadcast on October 30, 1938, which
suggested to many listeners that an actual alien invasion by
Martians was currently in progress.
Frank Capra - one of America's most influential directors
during the 1930s Great Depression years, when audiences
needed uplifting themes of inspiration. His movies include Mr.
Smith Goes to Washington (1939) and It's a Wonderful Life
(1946)
The Resettlement and Farm Security Administration wanted people to know what it's like to live on a farm, so they
hired photographers to document farm life.
Dorothea Lange - was an influential American documentary
photographer and photojournalist, best known for her
Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration
(FSA)

1. The fact that in the 1930s two in three homes owned a radio
shows
A) movies' decline.
B) The Shadow's believability.
C) radio's popularity.
D) the country's wealth.
2. The FSA hired photographers to document the life of what
group?
A) immigrants
B) farmers
C) children
D) women
3. Many writers during the Great Depression featured
A) wealthy politicians.
B) working-class heroes.
C) gangsters and criminals.
D) artists and musicians.

4. Which writer wrote a book about the farmers who fled
the Dust Bowl states to head west
A) John Steinbeck
B) Richard Wright
C) Woody Guthrie
D) Glenn Miller
5. The idea that Americans went to the movies to find
some relief from their troubles was to
A) recovery from the Depression
B) triumph over the banks
C) Worsen their income by spend money on useless things
D) escape the problems and worries of the depression.
Quick Write:
When you need to
escape from your
problems what
music/book/movie
would you choose?
The Coming War (1931-1942)

Ch. 10 Sec.2 Notes # 8
Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact in 1939 - Germany and Russia

agreed to share Poland on the condition that neither would move
aggressively against the other, even though they were on opposing
sides during World War II
Blitzkrieg of Poland - Germany's invasion of Poland represented
a relatively new style of warfare that quickly overwhelmed the
target of attack. The invasion of Poland begins WW2 in Europe
Isolationism a policy that ignored international affairs and
focused on domestic issues.
Neutrality Acts A series of acts designed to keep America out
the war.
America First Committee A group of Americans that felt
supplying aide to Britain was just one step away from war with
Germany
Cash-and-Carry The neutrality acts permitted trade with nations
that paid cash and transported the goods themselves
Lend-Lease Act Authorized the President to aid any nation
whose defense he believed was vital to American Security

The Atlantic Charter - policy statement issued in August

1941 that set goals for the post-war world. It was drafted by
the leaders of Britain and the United States, and later agreed
to by all the Allies
The Atlantic before war - When Germany attacked three
U.S. ships escorting shipments of arms to Iceland, the United
States President Roosevelt ordered U.S. ships to shoot German
U-boats on sight and moved the United States closer to war.
Radio The mass media brought live reports of the war in
Europe into the homes and lives of Americans, and provided
radio coverage of the situation in London.

1. Germany's blitzkrieg of Poland involved
A) invasion from three directions.
B) air assaults.
C) infantry assaults.
D) all of the above
2. Which form of mass media brought live reports of the
war in Europe into the homes and lives of Americans?
A) newspaper
B) newsreel
C) radio
D) telegraph
3. When Germany attacked three U.S. ships escorting
shipments of arms to Iceland, the United States
A) complained to the League of Nations.
B) privately condemned the attack.
C) practiced restraint.
D) issued orders to shoot German U-boats on sight.

4. policy that ignored international affairs and focused on
domestic issues.
A) Atlantic Charter
B) Isolationism
C) America First
D) Lend-Lease Act
5. A policy statement issued in August 1941 that set goals
for the post-war world.
A) Atlantic Charter
B) Isolationism
C) America First
D) Lend-Lease Act
Quick Write:
Without a declaration of war from
Congress FDR ordered the shoot on sight
command towards any NAZI submarine.
Do you feel that his actions were correct
or that he should have first got
authorization from Congress according to
the constitution?

U.S. objects When Japan demanded access to natural

resources in the Dutch East Indies The United States objected
and threatened to impose economic sanctions and steel
embargo to the Japanese island.
Hideki Tojo The Japanese prime minister decided that a
decisive strike against the U.S. in the Pacific was Japans best
option.
Japanese Code - Americans technicians had broken the
Japanese secret code in 1940, although they knew Japan was
in the Pacific and going to attack, they did not know where.
Pearl Harbor - Shortly after 8am on Sunday December 7,
1941, over 180 Japanese war planes streaked overhead Pearl
Harbor and bombed and strafed the fleet and nearby airfield.
The attack was over by 9:45
A day that will live in infamy - The day after the attack on
Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt asked congress to declare
war on Japan

War ends the Depression While the war brought some

shortage and rationing it did end the depression by sending
people of to work for the war production. Factories like Ford
started to produce tanks on their assembly lines.
Rosie the Riveter Women in the work place were symbolized
by the this female character riveting aircraft together in
factories.
Battle of the Coral Sea a battle of aircraft carriers where the
Japanese advance across the pacific was finally stopped and it
prevented the possible invasion of New Guinea and Austrlia.
The Doolittle Raid - was an air raid by the United States on
the Japanese capital Tokyo. It demonstrated that Japan itself
was vulnerable to American air attack
Bataan Death march - a 610 day 6o mile March of American
Prisoners through the Philippines tropical heat without water or
food. 10,000 prisons died on the march and another 15,000
died in the prison camp

Battle Of Midway The turning point in the Pacific. America

caught the Japanese fleet by breaking their code and
discovering which island they planned on attacking. In the
largest naval battle of WWII, American and Japanese aircraft
carriers engaged each other. 4 Japanese Carriers were lost and
one American Carrier.
1. Women in the work place were symbolized by the this female

character in factories?
A) Martha the economic recovery Girl
B) Rosie the Riveter .
C) Josie the Factory Girl.
D) Eleanor Roosevelt.
2. President Roosevelt referred to this event as A day that will
live in infamy.
A) be excused from service in the armed forces.
B) The Holocaust in Europe.
C)Germanys bombing of London.
D)The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
3. What event demonstrated that Japan itself was vulnerable to
American air attack?
A) the Battle of Coral Sea
B) the Battle of Midway
C) the Bataan Death March
D) The Doolittle Raid
4. As a result of the Battle of Coral Sea, U.S. forces

successfully
A) captured Japan's largest aircraft carrier.
B) regained control of the Philippines.
C) prevented Japan from invading New Guinea.
D) sunk two ships in Japan's fleet of ships.
5. What tropical island were American Prisoner forced a
610 day 6o mile Bataan Death march?
A) Philippines
B) New Guinea
C) Hawaii
D) Australia
Play video:
Days That Changed History Pearl Harbor
Question:

The Eastern Front Hitler decided that The Soviets must be

taken to end the war. the attack began June 22, 1941. Hitler was
convinced that the Soviets could be defeated before winter.
Stalin requested assistance from the Allies. The U.S. along with
Britain agrees to pursue a Europe First strategy plan focusing on
the defeat of Hitler.
Stalin requested that England open a second front in the west
against Germany to pull German troops away from Russia
Stalingrad The German forces began the battle to take the city
and it lasted 2 and half years. Over a million soviets died in the
siege, but the city never fell to the Germans
and Finally, the German army is surrounded and forced to retreat
in June 1943.
Unconditional Surrender the Allies agree that they will
except nothing less than an unconditional surrender by Germany.
Dwight D. Eisenhower American General in command of the
Allied forces in Africa and pushed across Africa trapping Rommel
and forcing the surrender in may 1943

George S. Patton Given command of American forces in

North Africa by Eisenhower.
Italy American and British forces land in Sicily and pave the
way to invading Italy. On September 3, 1943 Italy surrenders
to the Allies and five weeks later declares war on Germany.
Carpet Bombing Scattering a large number of bombs over
a wide area in order to inflict maximum damage.
Strategic Bombing targeting specific locations, installation,
railways, and factories to destroy Germanys war making
capacity.
Tuskegee Airmen An African American fighter squadron
played a key role in protecting bombers from enemy fighter
pilots. In more than 1500 missions they did not lose a single
bomber.

1. protected bombers from enemy fighter pilots in Europe?
A) George S. Patton
B) Dwight Eisenhower
C) The Flying Tiger Squadron
D) Tuskegee Airmen Squadron
2. The Allied strategy for World War II called for first gaining victory in
A) Europe.
B) the Pacific.
C) Japan.
D) North Africa.
3. How did the Soviet Union become an ally to England and The United
States?
A) Stalin realized that Hitler was not a good person
B) Japan attacked the Soviet Union and broke the non aggression pact with
Germany
C) Hitler attacked the Soviet Union and broke the non aggression pact
D) The U.S. convinced Stalin to break the non aggression pact with Germany.

4. Which of the following was a result of the battle at Stalingrad?
A) Hitler's forces gained control of the Caucasus oil fields.
B) Germany was forced to capture Moscow.
C) Nazi armies were forced to retreat in June 1943.
D) The German army continued its march toward Leningrad.
5. The 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily
A) led to Tojo's capture and death.
B) ended all fighting in Italy during the war.
C) protected Allied forces from further German U-boats attacks.
D) gave the Allies complete control of the western Mediterranean.
Quick Write:
The Enemy of my Enemy is my
Friend
How does this apply to the Soviet
Union in WW2.
Do you agree with this quote?

During World War II - the U.S. national debt skyrocketed. In six years'
time around World War II, the U.S. national debt climbed from $42 billion
to $269 billion.
American Propaganda To remind Americans that they were engaged
in a struggle for freedom the government used posters to remind
Americans that they were fighting to defeat fascism and protect
democracy by connecting the goals of World War II with those of the
American Revolution
World War II - accelerated long-term trends toward female
employment. Although women were expected to give up the jobs they
had held in blue-collar settings, long-term trends toward female
employment in white-collar settings accelerated because of the war.
Executive Order 8802 - established the Fair Employment Practices
Committee to enforce fair hiring practices in any job funded with
government money. A committee was set up to enforce fair hiring
practices in government-funded jobs.
Korematsu v. United States - In the case, the United States Supreme
Court decided that the government had the right to intern citizens and
aliens in wartime for the purpose of national security during wartime

Japanese American internment shortly after Imperial

Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, The U.S. government ordered
an internment in 1942, to "War Relocation Camps" of over
110,000 people of Japanese heritage who lived on the Pacific
coast of the United States
The 442nd Regimental Combat Team in the United
States Army was a regimental size fighting unit composed
almost entirely of American soldiers of Japanese descent who
fought in World War II, despite the fact many of their families
were subject to internment. The 442nd is considered to be the
most decorated infantry regiment in the history of the United
States Army.
The United States Office of War Information (OWI) was a United States government agency created during World
War II to consolidate existing government information services
and deliver propaganda both at home and abroad through
radio broadcasts, newspapers, posters, photographs, films and
other forms of media

1. Which of the following resulted from the passage of Executive Order
8802?
A) The Congress of Racial Equity was established.
B) The military ended segregation in its various military divisions.
C) African Americans led a large protest march on Washington, D.C.
D) A committee was set up to enforce fair hiring practices in government-funded
jobs.
2. World War II accelerated long-term trends toward female
employment in
A) war production.
B) blue-collar settings.
C) white-collar settings.
D) day-care centers.
3. In the case of Korematsu v. United States, the United States Supreme
Court decided that
A) states were required to house internment camps.
B) states could not force citizens to give up their property.
C) the government could intern citizens and aliens in wartime.
D) Japanese Americans could not serve in the U.S. military.

4. What was the purpose of posters comparing the
American Revolution and World War II?
A) remind Americans that they were engaged in a struggle for
freedom
B) encourage Americans to ration goods and purchase war bonds
C) maximize poverty and crime problems in the United States
D) minimize U.S. racial and economic divisions
5. During World War II,
A) the U.S. national debt skyrocketed.
B) the government lowered taxes.
C) prices of goods fell rapidly and inflation soared.
D) increased production led to a surplus of consumer goods
Quick Write:
Do you think it would have been
right to intern all Muslims after the
9/11 attacks on the World trade
buildings? Compare that to the
Japanese internment after Pearl
harbor.
Mid-Way Video:
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feat
ure=player_detailpage&v=r3
FfFDukdpI

D-Day - The Normandy landings, codenamed Operation

Neptune, were the landing operations of the Allied
invasion of Normandy, in Operation Overlord, during
World War II. The landings commenced on Tuesday, 6
June 1944 (D-Day). the term D-Day was used for the
day of the actual landing. on D-Day The Allied forces
encounter strong resistance opposition on Omaha beach.
Prior to the D-Day invasion - the Allies gathered the
largest fleet ever assembled. The Allied fleet consisted of
4,400 ships and landing crafts, making it the largest
fleet ever assembled.
V-E Day Victory in Europe. By early 1945, Allied
forces were approaching Berlin from several different
directions. On May 7, 1945, Germany surrendered as
Allied forces began to surround Berlin.

General Douglas MacArthur - led United States Marines

in the summer of 1942 as the United States began a
campaign to gradually move American forces toward the
mainland of Japan?
Island hoping A policy of by-passing Japanese
controlled islands for more strategic targets and choking off
supplies to those islands which were skipped.
Okinawa - was the location of the most costly and
complex operation in the Pacific campaign. Taking Okinawa
was the most complex and costly operation in the Pacific
campaign, as it involved 500,000 troops and 1,213
warships. The battle cost U.S. forces approximately 50,000
casualties
Kamikaze pilots - Kamikaze pilots agreed to suicide
missions in which they crashed their explosive-laden
airplanes into American warships.

Admiral Chester Nimitz - commanded the United States

Navy in 1944, successfully blockading Japanese ports in 1944
as American bombers pounded Japanese cities and industries.
The Yalta Conference - Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Winston
Churchill, and Joseph Stalin agreed to the following terms. 1 The Soviet Union would enter the war against Japan within
three months of Germany's surrender. 2 - Churchill and
Roosevelt promised Stalin that the Soviets could take control
of southern Sakhalin Island, the Kuril Islands, and an
occupation zone in Korea. 3 - They also agreed that Germany
would be temporarily divided into four zones to be governed
by American, French, British, and Soviet forces.
The Manhattan Project - Allied scientists conducted
research, code-named the Manhattan Project, in a race with
the Germans to harness the atom. In July of 1945, they
successfully tested the first atom bomb at Alamogordo, New
Mexico.

The Bomb Two different bomb were created Fat Boy
and Thin Man. The first atomic bomb was dropped on
the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945.
Japanese city was the target of the second atomic bomb,
dropped by the United States on August 9, 1945?
The Japanese surrendered two days after the United
States dropped a second atomic bomb on the city of
Nagasaki
War Dept. (12min)

http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=
d3oSS_FP-cA
50 years later (60min)
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=9-WnLNLe3s
k
QUICK WRITE:
"The world will note that the first atomic bomb was
dropped on Hiroshima, a military base. That was
because we wished in this first attack to avoid, insofar
as possible, the killing of civilians. But that attack is only
a warning of things to come. If Japan does not
surrender, bombs will have to be dropped on her war
industries and, unfortunately, thousands of civilian lives
will be lost. I urge Japanese civilians to leave industrial
cities immediately, and save themselves from
destruction.
President Truman in a radio speech August 9, 1945.
According to the above quotation, why did the
United States choose Hiroshima as the target for
the dropping of the first atomic bomb? What
would you have done?

1. Who commanded the United States Navy in 1944,
successfully blockading Japanese ports?
A) Admiral Chester Nimitz
B) Admiral Ernest King
C) Admiral William Halsey, Jr. D) Admiral William Leahy
2. Kamikaze pilots
A) were sent only on the most dangerous missions.
B) rebelled against Japanese rule, joining the Allies in late 1944.
C) helped the Nazis during their assault on the British islands.
D) crashed their explosive-laden airplanes into American warships.
3. American forces embarked on a campaign known as
__________, with the goal of recapturing some Japaneseheld islands which were used as steppingstones to the next
objective.
A) the Pacific theatre B) island-hopping
C) Operation Free Asia D) the Tokyo Plan

4. The Manhattan Project was
A)a plan to save New York City from a potential German
invasion.
B) the name for the overall plan used to eventually defeat the
Nazis.
C) a project conducted by Allied scientists in an effort to create
an atomic bomb.
D) a secret spy ring that provided Allied intelligence useful
information about enemy activities
5. May 8, 1945, the day after Germany surrendered,
officially became known as
A) V-E Day.
B) Memorial Day.
C) V-J Day.
D) Veterans Day

Hitler - blamed German Jews for creating all of Germany's

economic, political, and social troubles. Hitler, along with other
members of the Weimar Republic in the 1920s, preached hatred
of Jews as a simplistic answer to Germany's grave issues
Kristallnacht German -"Night of the Broken Glass," took place
on November 9, 1938. During this attack, German secret police
and military units destroyed more than 200 synagogues and
7,500 Jewish businesses; many Jews were injured and killed.
The Nuremberg Laws - established a legal basis for complete
discrimination against Jews by denying them German
citizenship, forbidding marriage between Jews and non-Jews,
and segregating Jews at every level of society.
Nazi concentration camps - The Nazis imprisoned many
groups including political opponents, socialists, communists, and
labor leaders. Some 5,000 mentally and physically disabled
children died in the camps.

The Final Solution Hitlers answer to what he called the

Jewish problem. The construction of death camps built in
Poland designed for the sole purpose of exterminating the
Jews. German engineers designed the most efficient means to
killing millions of men, women, and children.
Holocaust - While the Nazis killed approximately 12 million
people during the Holocaust, 6 million of them were Jews
aprox. of the Population Jewish population in Europe. Jews
to be confined in overcrowded ghettos before being
transported by freight train to extermination camps where, if
they survived the journey, most were systematically killed in
gas chambers
Genocide The deliberate mass murder of an entire ethic
population Hitler pursued a vicious program to kill all people
he judged racially inferior, especially European Jews

War Refugee Board - created to aid civilian victims of the

Nazi and Axis. The board developed and implemented various
plans and programs for Rescuing, transporting, and relieving
victims of enemy oppression and Establishing of havens of
temporary refuge for such victims
American Response After the liberation of Nazi
concentration camps caused an outpouring of American
sympathy. The liberation of the camps allowed most Americans
to realize the enormity of the Nazi crime and led to a sincere
longing on the part of Americans to help the victims. It
increased demand for a Jewish home State in the community
of Palestine.

1. The liberation of Nazi concentration camps
A) caused an outpouring of American sympathy.
B) led to the creation of the War Refugee Board.
C) preceded the D-Day invasion of Normandy.
D) provoked the bombing of German railway lines.
2. Which of the following groups was put into Nazi
concentration camps?
A) doctors
B) soldiers
C) mentally ill
D) scientists
3. The Nuremberg Laws
compelled Jews to perform low-level jobs in civil service.
urged Germans to boycott Jewish-owned businesses.
ordered notable Jewish figures to leave Germany.
established a legal basis for discrimination against Jews.

4. What happened during Kristallnacht?
A) Many Jews were taken to concentration camps.
B) Hitler proposed his "final solution to the Jewish question."
C) Nazis destroyed synagogues and Jewish businesses.
D) Many Jews fled Germany for refuge in the United States.
5. Hitler blamed German Jews for
A) providing simplistic answers to serious problems.
B) Germany's economic, political, and social troubles.
C) creating vile caricatures of famous German politicians.
D) destroying businesses and homes on Kristallnacht.

The New American identity - arose from the ashes of World

War II and was formed as the antithesis of the Nazi ideal. The
A new American identity that arose following World War II
regarded Americans as democratic, tolerant, and peaceful.
Britain Affected - After World War II, the British Empire faced
economic shortages and eventually the loss of most of its
colonies.
Post World War II Americaa - World War II helped end the
Great Depression and redistribute wealth across the United
States.
Nuremberg Trials - The Allies put on trial Axis leaders in
Nuremberg, Germany for "crimes against humanity. A total of
177 Germans and Austrians were tried, and 142 were found
guilty of "crimes against humanity
Yalta Following the Yalta Conference, Stalin reneged on his
promises that Poland, Romania, and Bulgaria would become
independent countries and hold free elections.

The German Division The Allied powers divided Germany

into four zones each controlled by one of the allies (USA, Soviet
Union, England, and France). The capital City Berlin was also
divided into four zones and controlled by each of the allies.
United Nations (U.N.) - An international peace keeping
organization. All member nations belong to the general
assembly and 11 representatives serve on the Security Council.
The five permanent members of the UN Security Council are
the United States, Russia, France, Great Britain, and China.
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) -was
a multilateral agreement regulating international trade.
According to its preamble, its purpose was the "substantial
reduction of tariffs and other trade barriers and the elimination
of preferences
Superpowers The united States and the Soviet Union prove
to be nations more powerful than the rest of the world nations.

1. Which of the following describes postwar Germany?
A) It was divided into two countries: East Germany and West Germany.
B) A civil war between Nationalists and Communists broke out.
C) Its borders shifted slightly to the west and it was under U.S. control.
D) The country fell under the sole control of the Soviet Union.
2. After the Yalta Conference, Stalin reneged on his promise that
A) Russia did little in war against Japan.
B) Poland, Romania, and Bulgaria would become independent countries.
C) the Soviet Union would share in the governing of postwar Germany.
D) technically those were supposed to also be independent.
3. Which of the following was an economic change that occurred
following World War II?
A) Industries spurred people to migrate away from the West.
B) The nation entered a period of economic downturn.
C) Wealth was redistributed across the United States.
D) The federal government played a reduced role in the nation's
economic affairs.

4. After World War II, the British Empire
A) reaffirmed control of its colonies around the world.
B) emerged as one of the world's superpowers.
C) suffered severe economic shortages.
D) controlled world trade and finance.
5. A new American identity that arose following World
War II
A) called for the United States to avoid joining world
organizations.
B) regarded Americans as democratic, tolerant, and peaceful.
C) wanted to ignore world economic developments.
D) advocated a return to colonialism.
Quick Write:
How do you feel when someone
promises you something and
doesnt follow through on it? What
if they do the complete opposite of
their promise?
Compare that to the Soviets refusal
to hold free elections in Poland and
to give back East Germany
The Cold War (19451960)

Potsdam Meeting - Stalin would not commit to free

elections for Eastern Europe, even though he had promised
at Yalta to do so.
Soviet Union supported communism in Eastern Europe.
By 1948, pro-Soviet communist governments were in place
throughout Eastern Europe, contributing to the start of the
Cold War. The soviet Union demanded that U.S. stop
assisting Germany.
Iron Curtain - The term symbolized efforts by the Soviet
Union to block itself and its satellite states from open
contact with the west and non-Soviet-controlled areas
Cold War The competition that developed between the
United States and the Soviet Union for control and influence
throughout the world.
Policy of Containment a policy to keep communism
within it existing boundaries and prevent further aggressive
moves.

Truman Doctrine The United States Should support free

people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed
minorities and outside pressure This meant The U.S. would
provide money to
West Berlin was described as a "bone in the throat" of the
Soviet Union. West Berlin was an outpost of Western
European and American influence deep in Soviet-controlled
territory.
The Berlin Airlift After the Soviet Union Blockaded West
Berlin, the U.S. and Britain began a round-the-clock airlift of
food and fuel to the people of West Berlin. Not wishing war
the Soviet Union lifted the Blockade in 1949.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) - In 1949,
the United States, Canada, and nine other countries formed
a new military alliance called the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO). Members pledged to help one another
if any one of them were attacked.

The Warsaw Pact - In 1955, the Soviet Union responded to

the creation of NATO by forming its own military alliance, the
Warsaw Pact. It included the Soviet Union and seven satellites
in Eastern Europe.
Class Quiz Ch. 12 Sec.1
1. After the Truman Doctrine was put forward, what

were the first two countries to receive U.S. assistance
to deter a communist takeover?
A) Hungary and Greece
B) Greece and Turkey
C) Turkey and Yugoslavia
D) Yugoslavia and Hungary
2. What is meant by the term, "satellite state"?
A) a country that has advanced satellite technology
B) a country that is in debt to another country
C) a country that is broken up into separate states
D) a country outside the Soviet Union but under its influence
3. The East European military alliance formed to counter
balance NATO was called
A) the Warsaw Pact.
B) Potsdam.
C) SEATO.
D) Soviet Union.
4. What did Stalin do at the meeting in Potsdam that

alarmed President Truman?
A) He refused to allow free elections in Eastern Europe.
B) He promised to allow free elections in Poland.
C) He announced the blockade of Romania.
D) He threatened to attack West Berlin.
5. Why was West Berlin described as a "bone in the
throat" of the Soviet Union?
A) Berlin was very expensive to administer and caused
financial difficulties for the Soviet Union.
B) The Soviet Union later decided it was a mistake to have
tried to blockade West Berlin.
C) West Berlin was an outpost of Western European and
American influence deep in Soviet-controlled territory.
D) West Berlin was crescent-shaped, like a rib bone.
Quick Write:
At the very end of World War 2 the
United States was the only nation
that had an atomic weapon.
If you were the president of the
United States dealing with Stalin
and the Soviet Union what would
you have done at the Potsdam
meeting?

Korea - was ruled harshly by Japan during WWII and hoped

that their defeat would restore their nation. However no plans
had been made for Korea after WWII. This led the Allies to
agree upon a temporary solution . North of the 38th parallel
would be controlled by Soviet Communist and south of it would
be controlled by the Americans
Korean War: The Korean War was a war between the Republic
of South Korea (supported by the United Nations and the
United States), and the Democratic People's Republic of North
Korea (supported by China and the Soviet Union). It was
fought between 1950 and 1953 and ended in a stalemate. The
Korean War is sometimes referred to as Americas forgotten
war.
The Korean war - broke out when North Korean leader Kim
Il-sung sent North Korean Troops across the 38th parallel
attacking South Korea. Kim Il-sung was determined to unify
their country in an attempt to take back South Korea by force.

President Truman - felt this was a clear case of aggression with

the strong attacking the weak. If not responded to, would surely
lead to WWIII. After the lessons learned with Hitler in WWII Truman
knew appeasement, or giving in to an aggressor, was not the
solution.
United Nations - In 1950, the Soviet Union boycotted the Security
Council. In the absence of a veto from the Soviet Union, the United
States and other countries passed a Security Council resolution
authorizing military intervention in Korea.
The U.S. - provided 88% of the 341,000 international soldiers
which aided South Korean forces, with twenty other countries of the
United Nations offering assistance. A rapid U.N. counter-offensive
drove the North Koreans past the 38th parallel and almost to the
Yalu River, when China entered the war on the side of North Korea.
Chinese intervention - forced the Southern-allied forces to retreat
behind the 38th parallel. While not directly committing forces to the
conflict, the Soviet Union provided material aid to both the North
Korean and Chinese armies.

The fighting ended - on 27 July 1953, when the armistice

agreement was signed. The agreement restored the border
between the Koreas near the 38th Parallel and created the
Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) No formal Treaty has ever
been signed.
SEATO - South East Asia Treaty Organization signed in
September 1954, The military alliance with France, New
Zealand, Pakistan (including East Pakistan, now Bangladesh),
the Philippines, Thailand, the United Kingdom and the United
States. The Treaty was intended to create alliances that would
contain communist powers in South east Asia.
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=xgPG8
3Jjbhc
1. The Korean war started when

A) Syngman Rhee
Led South Korea in an invasion of North
Korea
B) China tried to conquer all of Korea turning it Communist.
C) Kim Il Sung Led North Korea in an invasion of South Korea
D)The United States declared North Korea Communism illegal
2. The korean War ended with
A) A formal treaty establishing the two separate Koreas
B) an armistice with division on the 38th Parallel and the Korean
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)
3. How did Kim Il Sung respond to the armistice ending
the war in Korea?
A) Was defeated and Korea became a democracy
B) Kim embraced democracy in his country and a return to
diplomatic ties with South Korea
C) Kim remained a hardcore communist, leaving his country
isolated and poor.
D) Kim gave up his position as "Great Leader"
4. __________ was the dictator who ruled North Korea

during the Cold War.
A) Syngman Rhee
B) Mao Zedong
C) Kim Il Sung
D) Jiang Jieshi
5. The Korean war is often referred to as the
A)The War for Democracy B) Korean Civil War
C) The forgotten War
D) Sungs War
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=9C72
ISMF_D0
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=y9Hjv
HZfCUI
Quick Write:
Why do you suppose that the
Korean war is called the Forgotten
war?
How would that make you feel if
you were a Korean war vetern?

Sputnik I - The United States was stunned and threatened

when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I into
space. The Soviet Union launched the satellite Sputnik I in
1957 which marked the beginning cold war in space
Deterrence is the policy of making the military power of
United States and its allies so strong that no enemy would
dare to attack for fear of retaliation.
mutually assured destruction (M.A.D.)- was a build up of
weapons as a way to preserve peace. The idea is that neither
would start a war because both superpowers would certainly
be destroyed in any all-out war. This would prevent either side
from starting hostilities.
An arms race - has no set ending period and no particular
weapon in mind; it is a perpetual effort to compete with an
enemy to get the greatest number of, and most powerful,
weapons.

Suez Crisis Britain and France sent troops into Egypt when
the Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser decided to
National the Suez Canal which would mean that Egypt could
now control the supply of oil to Europe. President Eisenhower
was upset and The United States did not support their allies
ICBM - intercontinental ballistic Missiles allowed the USA and
the USSR to send nuclear weapons to any part of the world
Nikita Khrushchev Emerged as the new leader of the
Soviet Union. He began a program of de-stalinization. That is
he publicly denounced Stalins abuse of power and closed the
prison camps
Poland and Hungary uprisings - In 1956, uprisings behind
the iron curtain occurred in Poland and Hungary. Workers
rioted in Poland, and Hungarian students took to the streets in
1956. The soviet Union sent in the military to brutally put
down the uprisings.

Central Intelligence Agency an intelligence gathering

organization created in 1947. Eisenhower approved the use of
covert secret operations to protect American interest
Eisenhower Doctrine President Eisenhower announced
that the United States would use force to assist any Middle
Eastern Nation threatened by Communism.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
an organization designed to coordinate the space related
efforts of American scientist and the military.
1.In 1956, uprisings behind the iron curtain occurred in

A) Poland and Hungary. B) Hungary and Czechoslovakia.
C) Czechoslovakia and Poland. D) Yugoslavia and Romania.
2. What event in 1957 marked the beginning cold war in
space?
A) The United States launched a mission to the moon.
B) The Soviet Union launched the satellite Sputnik I.
C) France and Britain announced that they had developed space
programs.
D) The Soviet Union announced the formation of NASA.
3. What is the meaning of the term arms race?
A) a race to get the most weapons in a certain time period
B) an effort to move weapons into firing position as quickly as
possible
C) a never-ending effort to acquire more and more weapons
D) a race to develop a particular kind of weapon as fast as possible
4. Why was a build up of weapons big enough for mutually

assured destruction seen as a way to preserve peace?
A) The weapons were so dangerous that each side feared they could
accidentally detonate and cause damage at home.
B) People believed no one would ever use weapons that had the power
to cause so much destruction and kill so many innocent people.
C) The knowledge that both sides would certainly be destroyed in any
all-out war would prevent either side from starting hostilities.
D) Once people had enough weapons to feel safe and secure, they
would not need to use them in a war.
5. Britain and France worried when Egypt nationalized the Suez
Canal because
A) they knew that this would begin a war in the Middle East.
B) Egypt could now control the supply of oil to Europe.
C) they had not consulted with the United States about how to deal
with the problem.
D) now ships would have to go around the horn of Africa to get from
the East into the Mediterranean
Watch the Butter Battle by

Dr. Suess
Quick Write:
Compare the Butter Battle to
the Cold war Arms Race

The Red Scare - The fear was that American institutions

were being undermined by communists working secretly
throughout society.
Federal Employee Loyalty Program All new employees
hired by the Federal Government were to be investigated.
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
Investigated disloyalty and post war acts of Communist
infiltration of government agencies. It also focused on
Hollywood movie industries.
Hollywood Ten A group of Film producers that were
cited for contempt for refusing to answer questions from
Congress.
Blacklist A list circulated among employees, containing
the names of persons who should not be hired.

Alger Hiss Worked in several New Deal

agencies and helped organize the United Nations.
He was tried for Perjury and found guilty.
Americans had serious concerns that someone
like Hiss could have been a communist. Richard
Nixon pressed the Hiss case and used it to gain
national recognition.
McCarran-Walter Act An immigration quota
act that discriminated against immigrants from
Asia and from Southern and central Europe.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg A married couple
convicted of passing nuclear secrets to the Soviet
Union.

setting the stage for McCarthyism - communism in
China, Soviet nuclear bombs, and the discovery of Soviet
agents in the United States
McCarthyism Named after Senator Joseph McCarthy.
It is the use of smear tactics to accuse disloyalty and
affiliation to the communist party without proof. televised
hearings put his bullying tactics on display for the entire
country. The public saw McCarthy badger witnesses,
twist the truth and snicker at the suffering of others.
1. What was the last straw for McCarthy in the eyes of

the American public?
A) the trials of Alger Hiss and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
B) the rise of a young California politician, Richard Nixon
C) the discovery of Soviet agents in the United States Army
D) televised hearings that put his bullying tactics on display for
the entire country
2. Which future President was involved in the
investigation into Alger Hiss?
A) Richard Nixon
B) Dwight Eisenhower
C) John F. Kennedy
D) Joseph R. McCarthy
3. The Red Scare of the late 1940s and 1950s was the fear
that
A) the Soviet Union had atomic weapons and might use them.
B) communists in important positions in American society were
working for the enemy.
C) the Soviet Union and China were powerful adversaries.
D) communists in the United States would help the Soviets if there
were an invasion.
4. What gains for communism around the world created the
fear that set the stage for the excesses of McCarthyism?
A) the victory of the communists in China
B) Soviet production of nuclear bombs and the victory of the
communists in China
C) the discovery of Soviet agents in the United States
D) communism in China, Soviet nuclear bombs, and the discovery
of Soviet agents in the United States
Quick Write:
Do you think that people should be
investigated when they apply for any
government job. If so, which other jobs
should people be investigated before
getting?
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player
_detailpage&v=62x16IKGmYQ
The Civil Rights Movement (19451975)

Compared to white Americans - African Americans had

higher rates of poverty and illiteracy, and lower rates of
homeownership and life expectancy.
Disenfranchise - Unlike African Americans in the North, most
in the South could not vote. Southern African Americans had
no meaningful legal or political voice.
Asian and Mexican Americans -In addition to African
Americans, segregation also affected Asian Americans and
Mexican Americans also faced de facto segregation and, in
some cases, legal restrictions.
Segregation A separation along racial lines. In the South
and elsewhere, segregation extended to most areas of public
life. Officials enforced segregation of schools, hospitals,
transportation, restaurants, cemeteries, and beaches.
Brown vs. The Board of Education The supreme court
ruled that the separate but equal doctrine was
unconstitutional.

Desegregation and integration the process of ending

systematic racial segregation. In addition to desegregation,
integration includes goals such as leveling barriers to
association, creating equal opportunity regardless of race
NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People for in 1909 as a interracial group. When the executive
and legislative branches proved unwilling to enact civil rights
legislation, the NAACP turned to the federal courts to obtain its
goals.
Congress of Racial Equality a group dedicated to bringing
about change through peaceful confrontation
Montgomery Bus Boycott African Americans refused to
use the bus system until the company change its segregation
policy.
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) - is an
African-American civil rights organization. SCLC was closely
associated with its first president, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Non-Violent Protest A peaceful way of protesting against

restrictive and racial policies
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. - was an American pastor,
activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African-American Civil
Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the
advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience
based on his Christian beliefs.
1. Compared to white Americans, African Americans had

higher rates of
A) employment.
B) poverty and illiteracy.
C) homeownership and life expectancy.
D) literacy.
2. Unlike African Americans in the North, most in the South
A) could vote freely.
B) faced little discrimination.
C) could not vote.
D) lived longer than whites.
3. In addition to African Americans, segregation also affected
A) Asian Americans and Mexican Americans.
B) the descendants of European settlers.
C) French Americans and Asian Americans.
D) British Americans and German Americans.
4. In the South and elsewhere, segregation extended to

A) schools and hospitals.
B) transportation.
C) restaurants.
D) most areas of public life.
5. When the executive and legislative branches proved

unwilling to enact civil rights legislation, the NAACP
A) began to advocate violence.
B) turned to the federal courts to obtain its goals.
C) urged African Americans not to vote.
D) campaigned to strengthen Jim Crow laws
Quick Write:
Is there ever a justification for
any kind of segregation?
Explain your answer.

Ch. 14 Sec.2 Notes #20
Woolworth's lunch counter - was the site in the Greensboro, North

Carolina that a "sit-in" take place to protest the "whites only" lunch
counter, four black students sat at the counter until closing time.
"Ole Miss" riots - James Meredith's enrollment at the University of
"Ole Miss" set off riots. The rioting at "Ole Miss" resulted in 160
injuries and 2 deaths.
Martin Luther King - was sentenced to 6 months in a Georgia
prison for a traffic violation? President John F. Kennedy helped King
gain release from prison.
Brown v. Board of Education - Immediately after the Brown v.
Board of Education decision little changed in the lives of most African
Americans.
Freedom Rides Were organized to test the new court ruling of desegregation of interstate buses.
March on Washington August 1963 more than 200,000 people
came to Washington D.C. to demand jobs and Freedom. Dr. Martin
Luther addressed the crowd with his famous I have a Dream
speech.

"I Have a Dream" - The powerful and eloquent speech that

King delivered at the March on Washington has come to be
known as the "I Have a Dream" speech
John F. Kennedy backs Dr. Martin Luther King until he is
assassinated on Nov.22 1963.
Lyndon B. Johnson Assumed the presidency after JFKs
death and supported all civil rights acts
Filibuster A tactic in which a senators prevent a vote on a
measure.
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Impacted Voting, Schools, and
Jobs. It gave the justice department the authority to act in
desegregation of schools and voting right cases.
Voting rights act of 1965 Gave Federal officials the right
to register voters in areas in which local officials were blocking
African American voters.
24th Amendment outlawed measures like the poll tax that
was used to prevent African Americans from voting.
1. In what kind of establishment did the Greensboro, North

Carolina "sit-in" take place?
A) a public school
B) a bus station
C) a Woolworth's lunch counter
D) a Sears hardware store
2. James Meredith's enrollment at "Ole Miss"
A) caused little attention.
B) set off a major celebration in the African American community.
C) was welcomed by most students there.
D) set off riots.
3. For what was Martin Luther King sentenced to 6 months in a
Georgia prison?
A) refusing to give up his bus seat to a white woman
B) a traffic violation
C) vandalism
D) protesting without a permit
4. Immediately after the Brown v. Board of Education

decision,
A) African Americans lives rapidly changed for the better.
B) little changed in the lives of most African Americans.
C) the lives of most African Americans got worse.
D) the vast majority of African American students transferred
to private schools.
5. What speech did Martin Luther King, Jr. deliver at this
event?
A) "The Southern Manifesto"
B) "I Have a Dream"
C) "Letter from a Birmingham Jail"
D) "March Against Fear"
http://
www.americanrhetoric.com/s
peeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
Dr. Martin Luther King I have
Dream Speech

Voting Rights Act of 1965 - It wasn't until the Voting Rights

Act of 1965 that obstacles to voting began to be removed.
None of the civil rights reforms passed through 1964 affected
the right of African Americans to vote.
Literacy tests - had been used to keep African Americans
from voting. The purpose of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was
to ban literacy tests
Stokely Carmichael - is credited with coining the term black
power. Carmichael was a leader of SNCC and many whites felt
threatened by the concept of black power.
Black Panthers A militant group that formed neighborhood
patrols and often had altercations with police. They are famous
for entering the State capital with shotguns in protest to gun
restriction.
Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated King was shot as he
stood on the balcony outside his motel room in Memphis,
Tennessee

Elijah Muhammad - headed the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X

became one of Elijah Muhammad's most prominent ministers.
Malcolm X A troubled youth that was sent to prison where
he converted to the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X formed his
own organization and took a more aggressive stance towards
relations between races.
Nation of Islam A religious sect headed by Elijah
Muhammad and had a strict code of behavior including no
alcohol or drugs, and demanded separation of the races.
Malcolm X assassination After returning from Mecca the
he was more willing to accept whites and shot and killed by
members of the Nation of Islam
Kerner Commission was established to determine the
causes of the roits between 1965 and 1967. the commission
found that racial discrimination and segregation have pushed
the nation into two different societies one white, one black.
1. Who headed the Nation of Islam?

A) Martin Luther King
B) Fannie Lou Hamer
C) Malcolm X
D) Elijah Muhammad
2. None of the civil rights reforms passed through 1964

affected
A) the right of African Americans to gain employment.
B) legal access of African Americans to public facilities.
C) the right of African Americans to public education.
D) the right of African Americans to vote.
3. Who is credited with coining the term black power?

A) Stokely Carmichael
B) Malcolm X
C) Elijah Muhammad
D) Martin Luther King
4. What was one of the purposes of the Voting Rights

Act of 1965?
A) to allow African Americans to vote in city and county
elections
B) to ban poll taxes
C) to ban literacy tests
D) to make voting registration faster and easier
5. In which city was Martin Luther King, Jr.
assassinated?
A) Washington, D.C. B) Memphis, Tennessee
C) New York City
D) Indianapolis, Indiana
The Vietnam War Era (19541975)

Indochina War France fought to hold control of Vietnam

with the support of the United States. The French surrendered
after Vietminh troops destroyed the French airstrip, cut French
supply lines, and dug trenches to attack key French positions
during the siege of Dien Bien Phu.
The Geneva Accords - France sought peace. The Geneva
Accords granted independence to Vietnam, Laos, and
Cambodia and divided Vietnam into North Vietnam and South
Vietnam.
Division of Vietnam - It was feared that the Communists
would win. Although the division of Vietnam was to be
temporary, elections were never held for reunification largely
because the Americans and Ngo Dinh Diem feared the
Communists would win.
Ho Chi Minh - was a Vietnamese nationalist and communist
who had fought the Japanese during World War II and then
against the French in what is known as the First Indochina
War.

Ngo Dinh Diem - Ngo Dinh Diem signed anti-Buddhist

legislation and refused to enact land reforms. He was very
unpopular and would not have remained in power as long as
he did had he not had the support of the United States. The
support of the United States allowed Ngo Dinh Diem to stay in
power in South Vietnam.
Domino theory - the view that a communist victory in South
Vietnam would cause noncommunist governments across
Southeast Asia to fall to communism. American foreign policy
planners developed the domino theory; the view that if South
Vietnam fell to the communists, other governments in the
region would also fall, like a row of dominoes.
The Gulf of Tonkin in 1964 - the South Vietnamese
conducted raids on the North Vietnamese islands in the Gulf of
Tonkin. The following day, North Vietnamese attacked the US
Navy destroyer, the Maddox.

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution - It gave U.S. President Lyndon B.

Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by
Congress, for the use of "conventional'' military force in
Southeast Asia.
SEATO - South East Asia Treaty Organization signed in
September 1954, The military alliance with France, New
Zealand, Pakistan (including East Pakistan, now Bangladesh),
the Philippines, Thailand, the United Kingdom and the United
States. The Treaty was intended to create alliances that would
contain communist powers in South east Asia.

1. Which country surrendered to the Vietminh
during the siege of Dien Bien Phu
A) Great Britain
B) China
B) United States
D)France
2. The USS Maddox was fired upon as it patrolled

the
A) Pacific Ocean.
B) Gulf of Tonkin.
C) South China Sea.
D)Gulf of Thailand.
3. Which of the following gave President Johnson

the power to commit troops to Vietnam without
have to ask Congress for a declaration of war?
A) Geneva Accords B) Southeast Asia Treaty
C) Truman Doctrine
D)Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

4. According to the __________, France granted
independence to Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
A) Geneva Accords
B)Southeast Asia Treaty
C)Truman Doctrine
D)Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
5. The support of the United States allowed

__________ to stay in power in South Vietnam.
A) Ho Chi Minh
B) Mao Tse Tung
C) Ngo Dinh Diem D) Zhou Enlai
If Major a news event happened in

the world, how would access the
News? For example, would you
read a newspaper, or would you
get the news from the internet
Write down your answer as well as
an explanation of why you would
choose the method for accessing
the news
List the different News methods

Traditional
TV
CNN
Radio
Newspaper
Non-traditional
Yahoo
Google
Facebook
Twitter
Instagram
Cell Phone
People

Vietcong strategy - The Vietcong knew that the U.S. forces

were larger and had superior technology. Therefore, they
chose to fight small battles at night and in the jungle.
Women In Vietnamm - About 10,000 military women served
in Vietnam during the war. Most American female military
personnel in Vietnam were nurses.
Agent Orange - Agent Orange was used to kill plant life that
the Vietcong used for hiding and to disrupt their food supply.
between 1962 and 1971, the United States military sprayed
nearly 20,000,000 U.S. gallons of the chemical in Vietnam,
eastern Laos and parts of Cambodia, as part of a program
known as Operation Ranch Hand.
Ho Chi Minh - compared his troops to a tiger because they
traveled light and stayed on the move, attacking the elephant
(the United States) and then leaving it to bleed to death.

William Westmoreland Commander of the troops in Vietnam.

Requested more ground troops to carry out the mission.
Robert McNamara Secretary of Defense. He Advised Johnson
that more troops were necessary to achieve victory. Operation
Rolling Thunder increased troop commitment to Americanize the
war effort in Vietnam.
Napalm Jellied filled Gasoline which were dropped by aircraft in
large canisters and exploded in a sticky fire over a large area.
Congress in 1967 Congress, like most of America, was into
two groups.
Hawks Mostly conservative group of Congress that supported
Johnson and the war as a means to containing communism.
Doves - Mostly Liberal group of congress which broke with
Johnson's war policy and did not support the war. This became a
diverse group of liberal politicians, pacifists, student radicals, and
civil rights leaders.

1. Ho Chi Minh compared his troops to a(n)
A) tiger.
B) snake.
C) elephant.
D) rhinoceros.
2. __________ did not support President Johnson's

war policy.
A) Eagles
B) Hawks
C) Doves
D) Owls
3. Most American female military personnel in

Vietnam were
A) nurses.
B) pilots
C) soldiers.
D) field commanders

4. Which of the following did American forces use
during the Vietnam War to kill plant life?
A) napalm
B) Agent Orange
C) gasoline
D) Rolling Thunder
5. Which of the following best describes the war

strategy of the Vietcong?
A) They fought at night and in the jungle.
B) They fought during the day in cities and villages.
C) They used large numbers of troops in major battles.
D) They relied heavily on their technological superiority
Quick Write:
Analyze the
Political cartoon

The War in the Media - The Vietnam War was called the first
"living-room war because Americans watched the war's
progressor lack of itin their living rooms on nightly
newscasts.
Students for a Democratic Society - (SDS) was a student
activist movement on College Campus. Many American
Graduates had liberal influences. (SDS) all over the country
started to lead small, localized demonstrations against the war
and encouraged signing the we wont go petition.
"Teach-ins" SDS held these meetings where experts
lectured Against American involvement in Vietnam, discussion
and questions from the audience are welcome.
Martin Luther King during the Vietnam War - According to
Martin Luther King, African Americans were dying in
"extraordinarily high proportions" in the Vietnam War. Martin
Luther King believed that the war was sending the sons and
brothers and husbands of the poor to fight and die in the
Vietnam War

Credibility Gap The Gap referred to the America publics

growing distrust of statements made by Johnson Administration
and American Government as reported in the media
Draftees NOT volunteers - By 1965, most of the troops sent
to Vietnam were no longer volunteers who had enlisted in the
army. Instead, they were drafteesyoung men drafted into
military service
President Johnson Announced that he would not seek reelection
Tet Offensive hits Home - After the Tet Offensive, Secretary
of Defense Clark Clifford believed that sending more troops to
Vietnam would require raising taxes to offset the increase in
troop deployment cost.
Democratic Conference - The Conference was held in
Chicago In August 1968, the Democrats convened in Chicago to
choose a presidential candidate to represent their party.
Violence erupted outside the convention.

Robert Kennedy - commonly known as "Bobby" or by his

initials RFK. Announced he would run for President. After
winning the nomination in California Robert Kenndy was
assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan, a 24-year-old Palestinian in
1968. It is highly likely that he would have become President.
1. The Vietnam War was called the first

A) "armchair war."
B) "backyard war."
C) "dinner table war. D) "living-room war."
2. The 1968 Democratic Conference was held in which

city?
A) Philadelphia
B) Chicago
C) New York
D) Memphis
3. According to Martin Luther King, which Americans

were dying in "extraordinarily high proportions" during
the Vietnam War?
A) Mexican Americas B) African Americans
C) whites
D) college students
4. After the Tet Offensive, Secretary of Defense Clark

Clifford believed that sending more troops to Vietnam
would
A) require raising taxes.
B) decrease the number of soldiers being drafted.
C) lead to victory.
D) decrease casualties in the field.
5. He would have become the next president of the
United States until he was assassinated in 1968.
A) Eugene McCarthy.
B) Gerald Ford.
C) Richard Nixon.
D)Robert Kennedy.

The village of My La - an American military unit the

command of Lieutenant William Calley's began shooting and
killing unarmed civilians. During the assault, U.S. soldiers
killed between four and five hundred Vietnamese.
Construction workers - In response to a May 8, 1970,
antiwar rally in downtown New York City, construction workers
decided to demonstrate.
Kent State University National Guard Units Responded to
Student protest on Monday, May 4, 1970 by firing 67 rounds
over a period of 13 seconds, killing four students and
wounding nine others, one of whom suffered permanent
paralysis on the campus of Kent State University
Conscientious Objectors opposed fighting in war on moral
grounds.
Deferment An official postponement of their call to service

Richard Nixon took office in 1969 Richard Nixon becomes

President mainly on his claim that he had a secret plan to end
the war in Vietnam
President Nixon - President Nixon believed that his peace
delegation could break the impasse that the peace talks had
reached.
Vietnamization - a policy of the Richard Nixon administration
during the Vietnam War to end the U.S.' involvement in the
war and "expand, equip, and train South Vietnam's forces and
assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same
time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops"
Cambodia - In order to break a stalemate in peace
negotiations, President Nixon ordered ground attacks on
Vietnamese Army and Vietcong bases in Cambodia.
Khmer Rouge A force of Cambodian communist overthrew
the Cambodian Government. Brutal regime led by a dictator
named Pol Pot

Paris Peace Accords in 1973 the United States, South

Vietnam and North Vietnam signed a cease fire. The United
States agreed to remove troops from Vietnam.
South Vietnam Falls - By the end of April, 1975, the city of
Saigon fell to the North Vietnamese Army, leading to the
unification of Vietnam.
Laos and Cambodia - the American withdrawal from
Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos ended up with governments
dominated by Communist. Vietnam gave some possible
validity to the domino theory.
1. In the village of __________, an American military unit began

shooting and killing unarmed civilians.
A) Saigon
B) Da Nang
C) Hanoi
D) My Lai
2. In order to break a stalemate in peace negotiations, President
Nixon ordered ground attacks on forces in
A) Cambodia.
B) China.
C) Laos.
D) Thailand.
3. Which group of people decided to demonstrate in response to
an antiwar rally in New York City?
A) students
B) policemen
C) construction workers
D) soldiers
4. By the end of April, 1975, the city of __________ fell

to the North Vietnamese Army, leading to the
unification of Vietnam.
A) Saigon
B) Da Nang
C) Hanoi
D) My Lai
5. When President __________ took office in January
1969, he believed that he could come to a peace
agreement with Vietnam.
A) Eisenhower
B) Johnson
C) Kennedy
D) Nixon

Communist China - In April 1971, China invited an American

table tennis team to play against its athletes. This action
demonstrated China's willingness to talk
Henry Kissinger - was Nixon's leading advisor on national
security and international affairs.
Henry Kissinger - worked behind the scenes, talking with
Chinese leaders and ironing out sensitive issues with Premier
Zhou Enlai before Nixon announced that he would make an
official state visit to China.
Nixon's trip to China - prompted the Soviet Union to try to
improve relations with the United States.
Soviet Response to U.S. China Meeting - Soviet leader
Leonid Brezhnev feared that improved U.S.-Chinese relations
would isolate Russia, so he invited Nixon to visit Moscow.
Realpolitik German for Practical politics and would be the
defining thought towards foreign policy in the Nixon
Administration.

Dtente - A policy aimed at easing Cold War tensions, dtente

replaced previous diplomatic efforts based on suspicion and distrust.
Salt I Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty included a five year freeze
on the number of ICBM and Submarine launched ballistic missiles. It
also restricted the development of Antiballistic Missiles defense
systems
New Federalism Nixons Domestic Policy in which States would
assume greater responsibility for the well being of their own
citizens.
The Moon Landing Pres. Kennedys promise that by the end of
the decade a man would land on the moon. became reality during
Nixons presidency in 1969 when Apollo 2 landed on the moon.
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg A supreme court ruliong that
found busing off students to other schools to end segregation was
an option
Nixons Court 4 of the 9 supreme court justices left office during
Nixons presidency, giving him the opportunity to appoint more
conservative justices.
A Crisis in Confidence (19681980)

The Silent Majority - Nixon believed that many Americans
which he referred to as the Silent Majority actually wanted
the size of the federal government reduced.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - An
important function of the O.S.H.A. is to regulate workplaces
and make them safer for workers. Nixon established the
O.S.H.A. to promote workplace safety.
Nixon's southern strategy - was an effort to expand his
base of support among blue collar workers and southern
whites. He hoped that by gaining votes from these groups,
which had traditionally supported Democratic candidates,
he could win reelection.
Enemies List Special Council Charles W. Colson helped
develop a list of people were unsympathetic to the
administration

Wiretaps After a leak of information Nixon ordered

Kissinger to install listening devises on the tellephones of
members of his own staff
The Plumbers After continued leaks of information Nixon
approved a plan to organize a special White House unit to stop
leaks. Known as the plumbers and headed by former FBA
agent Gordan Libby and Former CIA agent Howard Hunt, the
unit carried questionable activities
Watergate Scandal Wiretapping of the Democratic National
Committee in the Watergate Hotel. The burglars Set in to
wiretap were caught with money linking them to the
committee to re-elect Nixon. Nixon became part of the coverup by halting FBI investigations
House Judiciary Committee - Upon hearing the tapes of
Nixon's conversations, the House Judiciary Committee charged
him with obstructing justice, misuse of power, and refusing to
comply with House subpoenas

Federal Election Campaign Act - Following the Watergate

scandal, Congress enacted reforms to prevent future abuses of
power. Congress passed a number of reforms, including the
Federal Election Campaign Act, to prevent similar occurrences
in the future

1. An important function of the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration is to
A) prevent recession and inflation in the economy.
B) control wages and prices in the United States.
C) regulate workplaces and make them safer for workers.
D) set air quality and other environmental standards.
2. What did Nixon do to speak for the silent majority?
A) He increased the price of oil.
B) He reduced the size of the federal government.
C) He asked states and communities to fund federal social programs.
D) He proposed removing the Family Assistance Plan.
3. Nixon employed his southern strategy because he
A) was narrowly elected in 1968 and wanted to expand his support.
B) believed that social reforms in the South were important.
C) wanted to preserve the support of southern whites.
D) hoped to gain votes from white-collar workers.

4. Which of the following resulted from the Watergate
scandal?
A) Americans' trust in government was restored.
B) Gerald Ford was elected President.
C) Congress enacted reforms to prevent future abuses of
power.
D) Lawmakers proposed constitutional amendments to modify
the system of checks and balances.
5. After Nixon turned over tapes of his conversations, the
House Judiciary Committee
A) placed wiretaps on White House telephones.
B) charged him with obstructing justice.
C) asked him to resign from office.
D) voted against impeachment.

President Gerald Ford - he became president upon

Richard Nixon's resignation on August 9, 1974
Nixon Pardon Fords most controversial act was to
grant a presidential pardon to President Richard Nixon for
Watergate.
Stagflation - a situation where the inflation rate is high,
the economic growth rate slows down, and
unemployment remains steadily high
President Jimmy Carter - the 39th President of the
United States from 1977 to 1981 and was the only U.S.
President to have received the Prize after leaving office.
Deregulation The reduction or removal of government
controls in several industries.
Gas shortage OPEC had been raising the price on oil.
Then OPEC placed a embargo on oil sales to the United
States for its support of Israel.

Affirmative action is the policy of providing special
opportunities for a disadvantaged group who suffer from
discrimination
Amnesty A general Presidential pardon to all those men
who had evaded the draft in Vietnam.
Camp David Accords A peace treaty conducting by
President Carter between President Sadat of Egypt and
Israels prime minister Begin. The treaty ended a long time
dispute and returned land to Egypt in return for Egypts
acknowledgement that of Israel and its right to exist.
Iran Hostage Crisis Muslim Fundamentalist seized the
US embassy and took hostages for 444 days. Iran insisted
that the former leader of Iran be sent back for trial. Carter
tried many approaches to freeing the hostages. A failed
rescue attempt cost 8 American Soldiers lives and
humiliated the U.S

1. President Ford may have still had a chance to win reelection after his pardon of Nixon if not for the
A) Hatred of Nixon
B) Watergate Hotel Law suit
C) Stagflation of the economy
D) President Carter being a Nobel Prize winner
2. OPEC Nations placed an embargo on oil sales to the
United States because?
A) America was not an important oil market for OPEC
B) The United States supported the Nation of Israel
C) The Soviet Union demanded OPEC cut sales to the U.S.
D) The price of Oil dropped to low to make a profit
3. A general pardon to all those men who had evaded the
draft in Vietnam.
A) Stagflation
B) Affirmative action
C) Amnesty
C) Draft evasion

3. A general pardon to all those men who had evaded the
draft in Vietnam.
A) Stagflation
B) Affirmative action
C) Amnesty
C) Draft evasion
4. At the Camp David Accords Egypt agreed to
A) Accept land from Syria
B) Attack Iran
C) Recognize Israels right to exist
D) Accept Judaism as its official religion
5. What did Carter do about Iran Hostage Crisis?
A) Bombed Irans Capital city until they were released
B) Paid a ransom fee for their release
C) Negotiated a truce with Iran
D) sent in a rescue team that crashed in the desert.
George Herbert Walker Bush (19891993)

George Herbert Walker Bush - the 41st President of the

United States (19891993). he had previously served as the
43rd Vice President of the United States (19811989), a
congressman, an ambassador, and Director of Central
Intelligence.
Somalia - Bush sent troops into Somalia to help establish a
cease-fire and to deliver food. The Intervention is considered a
peacekeeping expedition
Latin America - President George H.W. Bush involved the
United States in Latin America primarily to go after leaders of
an international drug cartel.
American troops in Panama American troops overthrow
the corrupt regime of General Manuel Noriega, who was
threatening the security of the canal and the Americans living
there. Noriega was brought to the United States for trial as a
drug trafficker.
Iraq's invasion of Kuwait - prompted an international

response because Kuwait borders Saudi Arabia, and both of
these countries have huge oil reserves.
Saudi Arabia - has the largest oil reserves.
United States launched Operation Desert Storm - The
United States led a broad coalition of forces in the first Persian
Gulf War. Bush rallied the United Nations, the U. S. people,
and Congress and sent 425,000 American troops. They were
joined by 118,000 troops from allied nations. After weeks of
air and missile bombardment, the 100-hour land battle dubbed
Desert Storm routed Iraq's million-man army

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The Great Depression (1928-1932)

Ch. 8 Sec. 1. Notes # 1

Factors that lead to the Depression - Overproduction of

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

The Great Depression urban unemployment increased

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

Penny Auction Farmers would keep bids low on land and

4. Which factors contributed to the Dust Bowl?

5. During the Great Depression, minority groups

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

President Hoover's policies - appeared to have failed

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

Trickle Down Economics A belief that money poured into

Class Quiz Ch. 8 Sec. 3

1. President Hoover's policies appeared to have failed because

Continued Class Quiz Ch. 8 Sec. 3

4. The RFC most benefited

5. President Hoover followed a hands-off policy at the

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

President Roosevelt - sent his wife Eleanor Roosevelt to inform

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) A public program that

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 1

1. established by Congress in 1933 to address a wide range of

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 1 continued

4. President Roosevelt delivered many informal radio

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

2nd New Deal The second one hundred days of FDRs

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

Supreme Court - declared the NIRA (National Industrial

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 2

1. The Social Security Act provided benefits for

4. Which of the following groups was most often denied

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

The Role of First Lady - Eleanor Roosevelt refused to be only a

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

New Deal Critics - Claim the New Deal is Un-American and

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 3

1. What group felt a greater sense of belonging to the mainstream

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 3

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

Federal Art Project - funding to popular and fine arts

The Great Depression (1928-1932)

The War of the Worlds Based on the book by H.G Wells,

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 4

Class Quiz Ch. 9 Sec. 4

The Coming War (1931-1942)

Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact in 1939 - Germany and Russia

The Coming War (1931-1942)

The Atlantic Charter - policy statement issued in August

Class Quiz Ch. 10 Sec. 2

Class Quiz Ch. 10 Sec. 2

The Coming War (1931-1942)

U.S. objects When Japan demanded access to natural

The Coming War (1931-1942)

War ends the Depression While the war brought some

The Coming War (1931-1942)

Battle Of Midway The turning point in the Pacific. America

Class Quiz Ch. 10 Sec. 3

1. Women in the work place were symbolized by the this female

Class Quiz Ch. 10 Sec. 3