Developing Country Simulation - Ecuador

2. A. Total Population: 16,205,873

Male Population: 8,114,750 (50.1%)
Female Population: 8,091,124 (49.9%)
Crude Birth Rate per 1000 People: 23
Crude Death Rate per 1000 People: 5
Rate of Natural Increase: 1.8%
Rate of Population Growth (including Migration):1.4%
Total Fertility Rate: 2.8
GDP Per Capita: $8,105
Literacy Rates (Total): 88.3%
Literacy Rates (Male): 90.5%
Literacy Rates (Female): 86.2%
Population of 5 largest cities:
- Guayaquil: 1,952,029
- Quito: 1,399,814
- Cuenca: 276,964
- Santo Domingo de los Colorados: 200,421
- Machala: 198,123
% <15: 31%
% >65: 7%
% 15-64: 62%
% Urban Population: 63%
Population (arithmetic) Density: 61.39 people per sq. km.
Physiological Density: 1,980
Top 3 Leading Causes of Death:
- Coronary Heart Disease: 39.85% per 100,000 population
- Diabetes Mellitus: 37.05% per 100,000 population
- Stroke: 34.53 % per 100,000 population
B.

C. Ecuador is in the 3rd stage of demographic transition; characterized by a

period of slowing population growth brought on by declining fertility rates as
well as low death rates. Ecuador is only in the beginning stages of the 3 rd
stage because even though the birth rates are beginning to decline, they are
still high in number with 23 births per 1000 people.
D. Total Dependency Ratio: 56.9%
Youth Dependency Ratio: 46.5%
Elderly Dependency Ratio: 10.5%
E. Ecuador is above replacement fertility at 2.8 children per women. The fertility
rate in Ecuador has stalled and since there are so many young people in
Ecuador, who will most likely have children of their own, its hard to say when
the population will stabilize and stop growing. As of right now it looks like the
population will continue to grow for a while, but the fertility rates will
continue to slowly go down.
3. A. Ecuador is overpopulated. The regions that are experiencing the largest
effects of overpopulations are the coastal regions. Most of Ecuador isnt
sustainable to live on because of the vast mountains and volcanoes that
cover most of the country.
B. Ecuador is pro-natalist because of religious reasons. Ecuador is
predominantly Catholic and some are Mormon as well. These religions
prohibit the use of contraceptives and promote child birth. Also societal
norms since most people will have around 2-3 children.
C. Literacy: In order to increase literacy and overall education in Ecuador, the
government has made education more accessible by offering free and
compulsory education for children between the ages of 6-14. They have also
created more schools and schools that can include non-Spanish speaking
children so that they can have an education as well. Also they have made
more of a point to recruit accredited teachers in order to raise the standard of
education being received and have created smaller class sizes so that the
teachers can help more students individually than they otherwise would with
a larger number of pupils.
Mortality Rate: In order to decrease mortality rate, Ecuador is trying to create
a better health care system by centralizing and attempting to organize its
system into regional units. Ecuadors Ministry of Public Health covers about
30% of the population now and there has been an increase in physicians and

nurses in the public system to help the sick. Also free reproductive health
services have been guaranteed for all.
D. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2792934/
http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/899533/tourism_overpopulation_and_o
verfishing_have_become_the_blight_of_the/
E. Net out migration (-.13 per 1000 people). Ecuadorians leave Ecuador in
search of better opportunities in work, education, health care. They mainly go
to places like Spain and some to places like the U.S., Italy, the Netherlands,
France, and Canada.