Vestnik zoologii, 37(5): 4152, 2003

. . , . . , . . ,
. . , . . , . . , . . , 2003

595.783(477)

CAMERARIA OHRIDELLA
(LEPIDOPTERA, GRACILLARIIDAE)
1
. . 1, . . 1, . . 1, . . 1,
. . 2, . . 1, . . 1
,
. . , 15, -30, 01601
E-mail: zerova@ln.ua, alvis@ln.ua
http://cameraria.nm.ru
2 ,
. , - -, ., 80455
1

17 2003

Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) .

1. . ., . ., . ., . ., . .,
. ., Z. S. 1- . Cameraria. , . 1- . , 1- .
3 -, .
.
: , , , Aesculus hippocastanum, Cameraria ohridella, .
Biology of a Chestnut Mining Moth Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in Ukraine.
Communication 1. Akimov I. A., Zerova M. D., Narolsky N. B., Sviridov S. V., Kohanets A. M.,
Nikitenko G. N., Gershenzon Z. S. There data on biology and phenology of imaginal and preimaginal
stages of the chestnut leafminer moth Cameraria ohridella of the 1st generation are present for Ukraine.
The taxonomic status of the genus Cameraria is discussed. Stages of mines formation are described,
with in order to define the age of caterpillars directly in field conditions. The sums of effective
temperatures needed to complete the larval development and durations of development of the 1st generation of this moth are designed. Features of the imago peculiar only for the 1st generation are
summarised. Data on 3 species of chalcid-wasps reared from the moth are specified. The year of the
moth appearance in Ukraine is specified and the map of its range is provided.
K e y w o r d s: integrated pest management, urban areas, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cameraria ohridella,
horse-chestnut, invasive alien species.

*
Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimi, 1986 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) ,
Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae).
( ., 2003)
,
, , , .
* .

42

. . , . . , . . .

, . , ,
, .

1- . . ( )
. 7 ( , , , , , , .).
( ., 1982) (, 2000).

Cameraria ohridella

. . , , , , ,
. .
VI/23 6-
1, 719 2002 . , (Decision VI/23, 2002), , / (, )
. ,
2. ,
3.

8 (h) 1997 .
(GISP) (Global Invasive Species Programme, 1999),
(Global Invasive Species Programme. Case Study 5.32 Development of a European
Research Programme on Horse Chestnut Leafminer) 2000 . CONTROCAM 4
.
1 170
1992 . -- (, 1992).
2 , 2002, , . . . , 45 2002 . .
3
(Mnemiopsis leidyi) ,
(, 2002).
4 CONTROCAM: Sustainable control of the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae), a new invasive pest of Aesculus hippocastanum in Europe.

 ...

43

,
, , , , .
Cameraria
Lepidoptera Cameraria
Chapman, 1902 Lithocolletinae, Gracillariidae - (Buszko, 1996). XX . . , Cameraria Lithocolletis Hbner, 1825.
(, 1981). , Lithocolletis
Phyllonorycter Hbner, 1822 (Leraut, 1997). ,
(, 1997), Cameraria .
Cameraria 3 6 (Opler, 1974; , 1997), , , (Acer spp. , 1997)
(Quercus emoryi Faeth, 1992). , : Aceraceae, Fagaceae, Hippocastanaceae.
1 Cameraria Phyllonorycter 1.
. Cameraria 6- afaga, ,
Phyllonorycter ,
. (, 1952),

Cameraria
Phyllonorycter.
C. ohridella
C. ohridella ,
Gracillariidae 13-
45- , . , , , Cameraria 6- , (, 1952).

( lasmhag) (. 2, 14), ,
(. 2, 13).
1 . . (Sefrova, Skuhravy, 2000).

. . , . . , . . .

44

1. Cameraria Phyllonorycter
T a b l e 1. Distinguishing characters of the imagines of the genera Cameraria and Phyllonorycter
Cameraria Champ.

Phyllonorycter Hbn.

1. .

1. .

2. R4 M1
.
3. .

2. R4 M1 .
3.
.
4. .

4.
.
5. .

5. .

,
. ,
,
.
4- ,
(. 2, 12) ( histohag),
. 45- , , .
6- (
aphaga),
.
. . (1952) Cameraria 6- 2 : 6- 7-
.
: , . . 6 .


, ,
.

,
, .
C. ohridella
.
, ,
3- (. 2, 1).
-, , 0,27 x 0,32 . 14 .
, -,
, , (. 2, 1).
. 1 - .
(. 2, 2), -

 ...

45

. 1. . ohridella . 1
; 2, 3 1- ; 4 2- ; 5 3- ; 6 4-
; 7 5- ; 8 .
Fig. 1. Mines of different instars larvae of . ohridella. 1 leaf of chestnut with mines of different instars
larvae; 2, 3 mine of 1st instar; 4 mine of 2nd instar; 5 mine of 3rd instar; 6 mine of 4st instar; 7
mine of 5th instar; 8 exuvium of puppae.

, , (. 1, 2),
(. 1, 3).
, 0,71,5 0,30,5 .
0,05
0,08 , , .

. . , . . , . . .

46

. 2. . hridella ( 5- ;
; ). 1 ; 2 1- ; 3 1- ; 4 2- ; 5 3- ; 6
3- ; 7 5- ; 8 5- ; 9
5- ; 10 1-
; 11 ; 12 ;
13 ; 14 ; 15 ; 16
6- .
Fig. 2. Mines of different larval instars . hridella ( fotos of mines of 5-th instar larvae; Scheme of
mine; Transversal section of mine). 1 exuvium of egg; 2 epidermal part of mine of 1st instar larvae;
3 spoot-licke part of mine of 1st instar larvae; 4 mine of 2nd instar larvae ; 5 part of mine 3rd instar
larvae with concentrically placed excrements ; 6 mine of 3rd instar larvae; 7 mine of 5th instar larvae; 8
5th instar larvae; 9 direction of mooving of 5th instar larvae to place of larval molt; 10 place of feeding
of 1st instar larvae of upper of parenchyma vallare; 11 parenchyma spongosium; 12 lower part of
parenchyma vallare; 13 upper part of of parenchyma vallare; 14 epidermis of the leaf; 15
cuticula; 16 place of pupation of 6th instar larvae.

 ...

47

1 , (. 1, 4; 2, 3).
.
- .
1-
(. 2, 10).
-, , 0,8 . ,
.
0,2 . - , 0,10,15 , 0,110,2 .
2- -, 0,28 , 0,5 . .
2 - . ,
. 2- 23 .

(. 2, 4); .
- , ,
2,0 , -,
, 0,24 , 0,25 . 1- - 0,3 .
, 1,75 0,250,3 .
.
3 - .
.
,
, .
6,08,0 (. 2, 5).
3- , ,
(. 1, 5). ;
10 (. 1, 5; 2, 6).
3,5 . -
-, ,
23- 18- , 1-
, 0,25 0,75 .
-, , 0,35 , 0,40 .
1,
.
3 0,75 .
.
4 - .
, 16 (. 1, 6).
4,5 . -
, 5- , 1- 0,78 0,26 . -
1 .
6- , , .

48

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-. , 0,350,4 , 0,450,5 .
, -. 3,5
0,8 .
.
5 - . , 18 31 68
1214 . (. 1, 7; 2, 7), ,
.
4 , .
, , 3- , 6- .
4,56 , -, , , 1- 1,1 , 3- , 1,26 . .
-, . 4,05,0-. , 0,7 , 0,75 .
6 - . .

67
. ,
12- ,
, . , (. 2, 16).
6- , 1- 0,75 , 2- 3-
. -
- , .
, 45- , .
4,25,5 . ,
: - - ; 0,45, 0,5 .
, , 12,5 .
.
1-
2427 .
-, , 3,25
3,7 0,7 ; .
2/3 3/4 (. 1, 8) 1.
1- 710 .
. , ,
,
. , 1 - , (,
) .

 ...

49

,
. , . .
, , , 2- ,
,
.
Cameraria ohridella

1- . (. )
2003 . 2.
c=

d (a+b)
2

:
c , ,
+10; b ; d .
2 2003 . I 120,
*, ,
150.
III . 2427 , ,
, 390. 1-
( 40 ). ,
710 . 2. C. ohridella 1- 2-
T a b l e 2. Phenology of imaginal and preimaginal stages of 1st generation of C. ohridella
/

Z t ., C

Z t ., C

Z t ., C

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10.05.2003

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30.05.2003

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30.05.2003

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3.06.2003

447

19.06.2003

667

23.06.2003

722

17.06.2003

640

23.06.2003

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30.06.2003

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II-

24.06.2003

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30.0613.07.2003

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50

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4550 640,
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(3.06.2003)
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. (23.06.2003)
, , .


96 (
) 8 .
,
.
1- 2 - (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae): } Cirrospilus vittatus Walk.
2 } Pnigalio longulus (Zett.).

, . . ( -
(. . ), 1998 .
,
() .

2003 . 2

 ...

51

. 3. . ohridella .
Fig. 3. Distribution of . ohridella in Ukraine.

. , ,
. ,
(. 3).
, 20.06.2003
, , , ,
. - , ,
(. , .).
, ,
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2002 . 2003 .
, ( ),
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.
, , . . -.
. . ,
.

52

. . , . . , . . .

. ., . ., . . .
Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae) // . . 2003. 37, 1. . 312.
. . . ; . : , 1952. 338 . ( ; . 1: , . 2, . 1)
. 1992. // : http://www.biodiv.org/convention/articles.asp
.. . Gracillariidae (Lithocolletidae) - // . . : , 1981. 4, 2. . 149311.
// .; : -. 1937. 411 .
. . : // Internet: http://www.zin.ru/projects/invasions/rus/rtable_1.htm
. . Gracillariidae - // .
: , 1997. . 5, . 1. . 373429.
. . // . . . : . . , 2000. . 116.
. ., . ., . . . . : , 1982. 256 .
: . ., 2002. 116 .
Buszko J. Family Gracillariidae // The Lepidoptera of Europe. A Distributional Checklist. Stenstru : Apollo Books, 1996. P. 4855.
CONTROCAM: Sustainable control of the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae), a new invasive pest of Aesculus hippocastanum in Europe // Intrnet: http://www.nf2000.org/secure/FP5/S1315.htm
Decision VI/23 COP6 of the Convention on Biological Diversity. // Hague, 2002. :
http://www.biodiv.org/decisions/
Deschka G., Dimic N. Cameraria ohridella, n. sp. aus Macedonien Jugoslavien (Lepidoptera, Lithocolletidae)
// Acta Entomol. Jugosl. 1986. 22, N 1. P. 1123.
Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP), 1999 // : http://jasper.stanford.edu/gisp/
Global Invasive Species Programme. Case Study 5.32 Development of a European Research Programme
on Horse Chestnut Leafminer // Internet: http://www.cabi-bioscience.ch/wwwgisp/gtc5cs32.htm
Faeth S. H. Do plants manipulate the third trophic level // Proc. 8th Int. Symp. Insect-Plant Relationships.
1992. 49. P. 361362.
Leraut P. Liste systematique et synonymique des Lepidopteres de France, Belgiaue et Corse // Suppl.
Alexanor. 1997. 526 p.
Opler P. A. Biology, ecology and host specificity of Microlepidoptera associated with Quercus agrifolia (Fagaceae) // Univers. Californ. Press. London. 1974. 83 p.
Sefrova H., Skuhravy V. The larval morphology of Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic compared with the
genus Phyllonorycter Hubner (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) // Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun.
(Brno). 2000. 48, N 4. P. 2330.
Skuhravy V. On the leaf mining moth Cameraria ohridella Desch. & Dim. (Lep., Lithocolletidae) attacking
Aesculus hippocastanum L. in the Czech Republic // Anz. Schdlingskde. Pflanzenschutz. Umweltschutz 1998. 71. P. 8184.