BASIC ELECTRONICS LAB

DIVISION OF ELECTRONICS
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
CUSAT, KOCHI

BTECH 4thSEMESTER
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS LAB EXPERIMENTS

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LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. RC coupled amplifier
a. RC coupled amplifier for max: swin.. 5
b. RC coupled amplifier on removing bypass capacitor.6
2. FET Amplifier .....8
3. Feedback amplifier circuits
a. Current series .... 11
b. Voltage shunt ..14
4. RC phase shift oscillator ....17
5. Wien bridge oscillator.....19
6. Multivibrators
a. Astable .... 21
b. Bistable ....... 27
c. Monostable...29
7. Switch and Sweep circuits
a. Transistor switching circuits 31
b. transistor sweep................................................34
c. bootstrap sweep.................................................36
8. Power amplifier..38
9. SPICE: Simulation of experiments listed above using SPICE

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1. RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER
AIM:
Design and plot the frequency response of RC coupled amplifier with lower cutoff frequency
500Hz for
(i) A gain of 100
(ii) Maximum swing and a gain of 100
(iii)

Without bypass capacitor

(iv)

Gain of 30

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
(i) RC Coupled Amplifier With Bypass Capacitor, Of Gain 100:

DESIGN:
Gain of 100
Let Vcc = 12V
Ic = 2mA
= 100
VRE = 10% of Vcc =

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Ic = 2mA
RE =
VR2 = (VRE + 0.7) = 1.2 + 0.7 = 1.9V
IB =
R2 =
VR1 = VCC VR2 = (12 1.9) = 10.1V
So, R1 =

To find RC:
Gain =

re =

100 =
XCE = RE /10
fL (C1& C2) =
Let C1& C2

10F

EXPECTED WAVE FORM

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a. RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER FOR Max: SWING

DESIGN: VRE = 10% of VCC

VCE = 50% of VCC
VRC = 40% of VCC
Gain =
VRC = 40% of VCC = 4.8V
RC = 4.8/2mA = 2.4K 2.7K
To find RL:
100 =
EXPECTED GRAPH

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b. RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER ON REMOVING BYPASS CAPACITOR

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

DESIGN:

Gain =

EXPECTED GRAPH

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c. FOR A GAIN OF 30:

DESIGN:
Gain =
30 =

RE1 = 67

RE1 + RE2 = 680 [RE = 680] RE2 = 680 67 = 613

EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULTS

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2. FET AMPLIFIER
AIM:
Design an FET amplifier with a gain of 12
CIRCUIT DIGRAM:

FET Amplifier with Bypass Capacitor:

DESIGN

IDss = 20mA; Vp = 8V
ID = IDss
ID= 3mA
3x10-3 =IDss
= 20x10-3
So, VGS = -4.9V
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gMD =

=
= 1.9 x 10-3

gM =gMD

Gain required is 12.

AV = 12
AV = gMx rd
12 = (1.9 x 10-3) rdrd = 6.3K
VDSmin = VP - |VGS| + 1
= 8 4.9 + 1
= 4.1V
IDRD = 18.9V

WITH BYPASS CAPACITOR

F
Log f
Vo

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WITHOUT BYPASS CAPACITOR

F
Log f
Vo

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EXPECTED WAVE FORM

RESULT

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3. FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER

a. CURRENT SERIES
AIM:
Design, setup and plot the frequency response of a current series amplifier and find its band
width.
DESIGN:
LET
VCC = 12V, IC =2ma, = 200, VBE = 0.6 V, S = 5
VCE =50% OF VCC = 6V
VRC = 40% OF VCC = 4.8V
VRE = 10% OF VCC = 1.2V
RC = VRC/IC = 4.8/2X10-3 = 2.4K =2.2 K
RE= VRE/IE =4.8/2X10-3 = 560
S =(1+B) (1+RB/RE)
5 =201+ (1+RB/560)
VR2= VCC (R2/R1+R2)
1.2+0.6 = 1.8 K
1.8 = 12 (R2/R1+R2)
R2 = 650
R1 = 5.66X R2 = 3.6 K
XC = 1/2PI FC = RC/10 =
IF F = 50 MHZ
XC = 10 F
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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

EXPECTED WAVEFORM:

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VO

AV

Log F

RESULT:

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b. VOLTAGE SHUNT
AIM:
Design, set up and plot the frequency response of voltage shunt amplifier and also find the
band width
DESIGN:
LET
VCC = 12V, IC =2ma, = 200, VBE = 0.6, S = 5
VCE =50% OF VCC = 6V
VRC = 40% OF VCC = 4.8V
VRE = 10% OF VCC = 1.2V
RC = VRC/IC = 4.8/2X10-3 = 2.4K =2.2 K
RE= VRE/IE =4.8/2X10-3 = 560
S =(1+B) (1+RB/RE)
5 =201+ (1+RB/560)
RB = 546
RB = R1. R2/R1+R2
R1 = 5.66X R2
R2 = 650
CC = 10 F
XCE =1/ 2PIFC
CE = 47 MF
RF = 20 K

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

EXPECTED WAVEFORM:

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VO

AV

log
F

RESULT:

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4. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR

AIM:
Design and setup an RC phase shift oscillator using BJT for 2 KHz.

DESIGN:
Let Vcc = 12V
Ic = 2mA
= 100
VRE = 10% Vcc = 1.2V
RE =
VRC = 40% Vcc = 4.8V
RC =
VR2 = VRE + 0.7 = 1.9V
IR2 = 9IB =
So, R2 =
VR1 = Vcc VR2 = 12 1.9 = 10.1V
So, R1 =
For n/w:

= 1.5K
So, R>1.5K
Let R = 10K

C = 2.99nF

/ 6.8K

/ 4.7nF

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT

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5. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR

AIM:
Design and setup a Wein bridge oscillator for 2 KHz.

DESIGN:
Let Vcc = 12V
Ic = 2mA
= 100
A1. A2 = 3.

Let A1 = 2

VC = 40% Vcc = 4.8V

VRE = 10% Vcc = 1.2V
Gain =

VR2 = 1.2 + 0.7 = 1.9V

IR2 = 9IB =
R1 =
For the second amplifier:
Gain required = 3/2
RC = 12K
RE2 = 1K pot
F = 1/2R1R2C1C2
Let C1 = C2 = 0.01F

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT

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6. MULTIVIBRATORS

a. ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR
AIM:
Design and setup an AstableMultivibrator for:
(i) Symmetrical output with a time period T= 1ms
(ii) Asymmetrical output with duty cycle 70% ; T = 1ms
(iii)

Perfect square

(iv)

VCO

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Symmetrical output with T = 1ms

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DESIGN:
(i) For symmetrical output with a time period T= 1ms
T1 = 0.693RB1C1
T2 = 0.693RB2C2 (T2 is the time for which Transistor T2 is off.)
Let Vcc = +12V
Ic = 2mA
= 100 - 400

RC1 = RC2 =
When T2 is ON,
RB1 =
RB1 = RB2 = 100K
T1 = T2 = 0.5ms [T1 + T2 = 1ms &Tt = T1 + T2]
Tt = 1.38RB1C1
C1 =

EXPECTED GRAPH

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
(ii) Asymmetrical output with T = 1ms and duty cycle 70%

DESIGN:

0.3tON = 0.7tOFF
0.3T1 = 0.7T2
T1 + T2 = 1ms T2 = 0.3ms &T1 = 0.7ms
Let RC1 = RC2 = 5.6K
RB1 = RB2 = 100K
T1 = 0.639RB1C1
C1 =
C2 =

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EXPECTED GRAPH

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
(iii)

Perfect square

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EXPECTED GRAPH

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
(iv)

As VCO

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EXPECTED GRAPH

VBB

Frequency

If VBB is varied, the time period of output T changes in accordance with the equation
T = 2RCln (1 + VCC=VBB). With a fixed value of VCC,
it can be seen from the equation that the output frequency of the circuit is nonlinear
function of VBB
RESULT

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b. BISTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR
AIM:
Design and setup a bistable multivibrator.
DESIGN
Bistable multivibrator
Let Vcc = 12V, ICsat = 2mA, = 100
VRE = 2V, VR2 = VRE + VBE = 2.8V
VR1 = Vcc VR2 [when T2 is OFF and T1 is ON]
= 12 2.8 = 9.2V
IR1 = 10IBsat
R1 = VR1/IR1 =
IR2 = 9IBsat
R2 =

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

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EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT:

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c. MONOSTABLEMULTIVIBRATOR
AIM:
Design and setup a mono stable multivibrator.

DESIGN:
Let Vcc = 12V
Icsat = 2mA
= 100
Let VB1 = -2V

3R1 = 2.2R2
RC1 = RC2 =

IBsat = 5Ic/ = 0.1mA

IBsat = I1 I2
0.1mA =
Let I2 = 0.1mA
R2 =
So

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT:

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7. SWITCH AND SWEEP CIRCUITS

a. TRANSISTOR SWITCHING CIRCUITS
AIM:
Design and setup normally ON and normally OFF switch using BJT.

DESIGN:
Normally ON:
Let Vcc = 12V
ICsat = 12mA
= 100
IBsat=
Vcc = VCE + ICRC
12 = 2 x 10-3 x RC + 0.2
RC = 11.8/ 2 x 10-3 = 5.6K
Vcc = IBRB + VBE
12 = 0.1 x 10-3 x RB + 0.8
RB = (12 0.8)/10-4 = 112K = 120K
Normally OFF:
Vcc = VCE + ICRC
12 = 2 x 10-3 x RC + 0.2
RC = 11.8/ 2 x 10-3 = 5.6K
RB =

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Normally ON:

EXPECTED GRAPH

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Normally OFF:

EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT:

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b. TRANSISTOR SWEEP CIRCUITS

AIM:
Design and setup a transistor sweep circuit.
DESIGN:
T/2 = RC.C
Let Vcc = 12V
ICsat = 2mA
= 100
IBsat = 5 x ICsat/ = 2 x 5/100 = 0.1mA
Vcc = VCE + ICRC
12 = 2 x 10-3 x RC + 0.2
RC = 11.8/ 2 x 10-3 = 5.6K
Vcc = IBRB + VBE
12 = 0.1 x 10-3 x RB + 0.8
RB = (12 0.8)/10-4 = 112K = 120K
For T = 2ms
C=

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Simple sweep circuit:

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EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT:

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c. BOOTSTRAP SWEEP CIRCUIT

AIM:
Design and setup a bootstrapsweep circuit.

DESIGN
Let Vcc = 20V, VEE = -10V, = 100
ICsat =

2mA

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

T = R1C1 , T = R1C1 = 1ms

C1 = 1ms/10K = 0.1f
RE = VCE/IE = VEE/ ISAT=4.2 K

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EXPECTED GRAPH

RESULT:

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8. POWER AMPLIFIERS
AIM:
To design and setup a power amplifier.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Class B Push Pull:

Class AB:

EXPECTED GRAPH:
Cross over distortion:
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RESULT:

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