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2012
Unit 1 The Online World
Name: .
Starter What is the role of a CODEC? What is a CODEC another name for?
A device or program used to encode or decode data. Another name is internet protocols
1. Explain what VoIP stands for and how it works.
It stands for Voice over internet Protocol. VoIP is a group of internet protocols that send voice and
multimedia communication over the internet, rather than telephone network.
2. There are three transmission modes used in communication, these are shown in the diagram below.
Explain what each is and how it operates.
Transmission Mode
Description
Simplexisacommunicationsmodeinwhichonlyonesignalistransmitted,
anditalwaysgoesinthesamedirection.Thetransmitterandthereceiver
operateonthesamefrequency.Whentwostationsexistandthey
alternately(notsimultaneously)sendsignalstoeachotheronthesame
frequency,themodeistechnicallyknownashalfduplex.However,most
amateurradiooperatorsrefertohalfduplexassimplex.
Simplex
Half Duplex
Halfduplexdatatransmissionmeansthatdatacanbetransmittedinboth
directionsonasignalcarrier,butnotatthesametime.
Inafullduplexsystem,bothpartiescancommunicatetotheother
simultaneously.Anexampleofafullduplexdeviceisatelephone;the
partiesatbothendsofacallcanspeakandbeheardbytheotherparty
simultaneously.
A.Silver
BTEC 2012
Unit 1 The Online World
Name: .
3. The table below shows the main transmission methods that are used. Complete the table to find out
the key details, benefits and limitations of each.
Wired
Type
UTP / STP
Coaxial
Fibre Optic
Unshielded twisted
pair (UTP) cables are
basic pairs of cables
twisted together.
Shielded twisted pair
(STP) cables are
similar but have a foil
shielding.
Solid wire core
separated from a
copperbraided outer
cable by a plastic
insulation sheath. The
inner cable transmits
the data and the outer
cable connects to the
earth.
Glass or plastic cables
that use total internal
reflection of the light
to the transmit data.
Normally uses LED or
laser visible light,
although infrared has
also been used.
Cable used
Max Speed
250 Mbps
Max Distance
100m
100m
50km
Benefits
Twisting cancels out
Fast and reliable.
some interference.
Very low cost and
adaptable.
Fast.
Works over long
distances.
Little interference.
Limitations
Complex connection
and termination
equipment.
Analogue telephone
network.
Connection to cable TV
networks.
Aerial/ dish
connection to TV.
Example of use
Wireless
A.Silver
BTEC 2012
Unit 1 The Online World
Type
Cable used
Max Speed
Max Distance
Name: .
Infrared
Microwave
Satellite
Short wavelength
radio transmissions
working at very high
frequencies.
Data is transmitted
from the earth a
satellite, which relays
it to the relevant
receiving station back
on the Earth.
300 Gbps
100m
Huge
Between about 500km
to 36,000km
Signal degrades very
little over long
distances.
Can increase the
distance a network
can reach.
Benefits
Tends to be reliable.
Limitations
Short range.
Devices must be in a
direct line of light.
Can suffer from
external interference.
Devices must be in a
Expensive.
direct line of sight.
Can affected by rain,
pollen and sun spot
activity.
Can suffer from
external interference.
Keyboard, printer,
mouse to processor
unit.
Handsets.
Earth to satellite
Global communication
communication. system.
Bluetooth.
Example of use
Plenary How many geostationary satellites are there in orbit and what do they provide?
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