1 ENTER (1.

5 line spacing)
8

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SUPERVISORS DECLARATION
STUDENTS DECLARATION
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
ABSTRAK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF SYMBOLS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4

2.5

INTRODUCTION

Background of Study
Problem Statement
Project Objectives
Project Scopes

CHAPTER 2

1-2
2
3
3

LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction
Introduction to Nanofluids
2.2.1
Advantages of Nanofluids
2.2.2
Disadvantages of Nanofluids
Preparation of Nanofluids
2.3.1
Two Step Method
2.3.2
One Step Method
Applications of Nanofluids
2.4.1
Nanofluids as Coolanat
2.4.2
Nanofluids in Fuel
2.4.3
Nanofluids as Lubricant
2.4.4
Nanofluids in Brake Fluid
Thermo-physical Properties of Nanofluids
2.5.1
Thermal Conductivity
2.5.2
Viscosity
2.5.3
Specific Heat
2.5.4
Density

CHAPTER 3

ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
xi
xii
xiii
xiv

4
4
5
5
6-8
6
7
8-10
8
9
10
10
10-12
11
13
14
15

METHODOLOGY

1 ENTER (1.5 line spacing)

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4

3.5

Introduction
Methodology Flow Chart
Nanofluids Sample Preparation
3.3.1 Pure EG
3.3.2 Mixture of Water and EG
Thermo-physical Properties Measurement
3.4.1 Background
3.4.2 KD2 Pro Thermal Property Analyzer
3.4.3 Water Bath
3.4.4 Brookfield LVDV-III Ultra Rheometer
Analysis of Experimental Data
3.5.1 Background
3.5.2 Thermal Conductivity, k
3.5.3 Thermal Conductivity Ratio, kr
3.5.4 Viscosity,
3.5.5 Viscosity Ratio, r
3.5.6 Properties Enhancement ratio, ER

CHAPTER 4
4.1

4.2

5.1
5.2

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Nanofluids in Ethylene-Glycol Based

4.1.1 Thermal Conductivity, k
4.1.2 Thermal Conductivity Ratio, kr
4.1.3 Viscosity,
4.1.4 Viscosity Ratio, r
4.1.5 Properties Enhancement ratio, ER
Nanofluid in Mixture Water-Ethylene Glycol Based
4.2.1 Thermal Conductivity, k
4.2.2 Thermal Conductivity Ratio, kr
4.2.3 Viscosity,
4.2.4 Viscosity Ratio, r
4.2.5 Properties Enhancement ratio, ER

CHAPTER 5

16
17
18-22
18
20
22-25
22
22
23
24
25-27
25
26
26
27
27
27

28-32
28
29
30
31
32
33-39
32
34
35
36
37

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusions
Recommendations for the Future Research

REFERENCES
APPENDICES
A
Project Schedule for FYP
B
Experimental Data For Thermal Conductivity
C
Experimental Data For Viscosity
D
Enhancement Ratio of Nanofluids in EG
E
Enhancement Ratio of Nanofluids in H2O:EG

38
39
40-41
42-47
42
44
45
46
47

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