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Definition

Central angle an angle whose vertex is the center of


a circle.

central angle

Definitions
Minor arc Part of a circle that measures less than
180
Major arc Part of a circle that measures between
180 and 360.
Semicircle An arc whose endpoints are the
endpoints of a diameter of the circle.
Note : major arcs and semicircles are named with three
points and minor arcs are named with two points

Diagram of Arcs
A

minor arc: AB

major arc: ABD


semicircle: BAD

Definitions
Measure of a minor arc the measure of its central
angle
Measure of a major arc the difference between 360
and the measure of its associated minor arc.

Arc Addition Postulate


The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs is
the sum of the measures of the two arcs.

A
C

mABC = mAB + mBC

Definition
Congruent arcs two arcs of the same
circle or of congruent circles that have the
same measure

Arcs and Chords Theorem


In the same circle, or in congruent circles, two minor
arcs are congruent if and only if their corresponding
chords are congruent.
A

B
AB BC if and only if AB BC

Perpendicular Diameter
Theorem
If a diameter of a circle is perpendicular to a chord,
then the diameter bisects the chord and its arc.

F
DE EF, DG FG

E
G
D

Perpendicular Diameter
Converse
If one chord is a perpendicular bisector of another
chord, then the first chord is a diameter.

J
M

K
L
JK is a diameter of the circle.

Congruent Chords Theorem


In the same circle, or in congruent circles, two chords
are congruent if and only if they are equidistant from
the center.

G
E

AB CD if and only if EF EG.

B
F
A

Example 1

Find the measure of each arc.

a. LM

70

N
b. MNL

360 - 70 = 290

c. LMN

180

70

Example 2

Find the measures of the red arcs. Are the arcs congruent?
A

C
41
41

D
E

mAC = mDE = 41
Since the arcs are in the same circle, they are congruent!

Example 3

Find the measures of the red arcs. Are the arcs congruent?

A
D
81

mDE = mAC = 81
However, since the arcs are not of the same circle or
congruent circles, they are NOT congruent!

Example 4
B
Find mBC.
(3x + 11)

(2x + 48)

3x + 11 = 2x + 48

x = 37

D
mBC = 2(37) + 48
mBC = 122

Practice
Determine what type of arc and measure of each arc.
Find x.

Determine the measure of each arc/chord.

Exit Slip

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