LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Paper Chromatography
2. Estimation of strength of hydrogen peroxide
3. Determination of percentage purity of hydrose powder
4. Determination of percentage purity of NaOH
5. Determination of percentage purity of Na2CO3
6. Determination of percentage purity of Na2S
7. Determination of percentage purity of NaOCl
8. Determination of percentage purity of sodium silicate / meta silicate
9. Gravimetric estimation of barium as barium sulphate
10. Gravimetric estimation of chloride as silver chloride
11. Qualitative analysis of mixture containing two acidic and two basic radicals
12. Qualitative analysis of mixture containing three acidic and three basic
radicals

Chromatography
Object: - To separate and identify the cations from the given mixture by paper
chromatography technique. The mixtures given are:
(a) Ni+2 + Cu+2
(b) Ni+2 + Co+2

(c) Cu+2 + Cu+2

Apparatus:- A strip of Whatmann filter paper (20 cm x 2.5 cm), Sharp pencil, Foot
rule, Glass dropper, sprayer etc.
Chemicals: - Developing solvent, spraying agent (Rubeanic acid), ammonia and
mixture given for separation.

Theory:Chromatography is a separation technique. Paper chromatography is atype of liquidliquid chromatography. In paper chromatography separation is achieved by
distribution of the sample between a stationary phase and a mobile liquid phase with
limited miscibility.
Procedure:1. With the help of a pencil draw a reference line at 2.5 cm and another at 12.5 cm
from the bottom edge of paper strip. Mark a point at the centre of reference line.
2. Using capillary apply the given sample (mixture) in the form of a fine circle. Dry it
and repeat this once again.
3. Insert the strip vertically into the cylinder (jar) containing solvent (Reference line
must be well above the solvent level). Cover the cylinder with a lid.
4. When the solvent reaches the upper line, remove the strip and dry it.
5. Spray the