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The Durbin-Watson statistic is used to check for serial correlation in the residuals of a regression analysis. It compares the sum of the squared residuals between observations and their lagged values. A value close to 2 indicates no serial correlation, below 2 suggests positive correlation, and above 2 suggests negative correlation. As a rough guideline, values outside the range of 1.5 to 2.5 indicate serial correlations large enough to impact inference, though DW can fall outside this range even with uncorrelated errors. The dwtest function in R's lmtest library performs the Durbin-Watson test on a regression formula.
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The Durbin-Watson statistic is used to check for serial correlation in the residuals of a regression analysis. It compares the sum of the squared residuals between observations and their lagged values. A value close to 2 indicates no serial correlation, below 2 suggests positive correlation, and above 2 suggests negative correlation. As a rough guideline, values outside the range of 1.5 to 2.5 indicate serial correlations large enough to impact inference, though DW can fall outside this range even with uncorrelated errors. The dwtest function in R's lmtest library performs the Durbin-Watson test on a regression formula.
The Durbin-Watson statistic is used to check for serial correlation in the residuals of a regression analysis. It compares the sum of the squared residuals between observations and their lagged values. A value close to 2 indicates no serial correlation, below 2 suggests positive correlation, and above 2 suggests negative correlation. As a rough guideline, values outside the range of 1.5 to 2.5 indicate serial correlations large enough to impact inference, though DW can fall outside this range even with uncorrelated errors. The dwtest function in R's lmtest library performs the Durbin-Watson test on a regression formula.
The Durbin-Watson statistic is a simple numerical method for checking serial
dependence. Let rk be the residuals sorted into time order. Then the DurbinWatson statistic is: Pn1 (rk rk+1 )2 DW = k=1Pn . 2 k=1 rk We have the following criterion: DW Decision
<2 Positive Serial Correlation
2 NO serial correlation
>2 Negative Serial Correlation
As a rough rule, serial correlations corresponding to DW outside the range
1.5 2.5 are large enough to have a noticeable effect on our inference techniques. Note that DW itself is random and may be outside the range 1.5 to 2.5, even if the errors are uncorrelated. For data sets with long runs of units from the same treatment, the variance of DW is a bit less than 4/N. In R, the durbin-watson test is located in library(lmtest): > dwtest(f ormula) # z time index.