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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL

Workshop # 3
Diana Snchez Martnez
University of Turabo
School of Professional Studies
Ahora Program

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
1. Visit the electronic addresses to acquire information about the topics. Define the
following topics:
a. Subject and Verb Agreement: if subject and verb have to agree with each other.
This means that if the subject is plural, the verb should also be plural. Subject verb
agreement refers to the fact that the subject and verb in a sentence must agree in
number.
b. Passive and active voice:
i. Active Form - In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the
sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are
active.
ii. Passive Form - In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject
of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of
the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the
action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive
form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention
who is doing the action.
c. Gerund, participles and infinitives:
i. Gerunds: verbals that function as nouns and have an ing ending. Since gerunds
are derived from verbs and have an ing ending, they do express action. However,
because gerunds function as nouns, they occupy slots traditionally held by nouns
in sentences such as subjects, direct objects and objects of prepositions. Gerunds
may occur as one word, or they may be part of a gerund phrase
ii. Participles: verbals that usually function as adjectives and occasionally function
as adverbs. Participles generally end with an ed or ing ending. Since participles
are derived from verbs, they do express actions or states of being. When
participles function as adjectives, they are usually found preceding the nouns and
pronouns in a sentence. When participles function as adverbs, they are typically
found following the verb in a sentence. There are two types of participles: present

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
participles and past participles. Present participles have an ing ending. Past
participles may have one of several past tense endings, including ed, -en, and -d.
As with gerunds, participles may occur as one word, or they may be part of a
participial phrase.
iii. Infinitives: verbals that are made up of the word to and a verb. Infinitives may
function as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. Since infinitives are derived from verbs,
they do express actions or states of being. When infinitives function as adjectives
and adverbs, they are usually found preceding nouns and pronouns in sentences,
and when they function as nouns, they are used as subjects, direct objects and
objects of prepositions. Infinitives (to + verb) should not be confused with
prepositional phrases (to + noun or pronoun). Infinitives may occur as to + one
verb, or they may be part of an infinitive phrase.
d. Adjectives: the word that modify the noun. Is has to be in the subject to be an
adjective. It can come after o before the noun. Barely can it be in any part of the
subject. The sentence doesnt need an adjective. Is just to give more information
about how is the noun.
e. Adverbs: the word that modify the verb. Also the adverb can modify an
adjective. The adverb is supposed to be in the predicate. The sentence doesnt
need an adverb to have sense. The adverb is just to give more information about
the verb, that is the word that have the action in the sentence.

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
2. Do the on line quizzes and hand in the result to the facilitator.
a. Quizz 1
1. Either the physicians in this hospital or the chief administrator ____ going
to have to make a decision.
is
are
2. ______ my boss or my sisters in the union going to win this grievance?
Is
Are
3. Some of the votes __________ to have been miscounted.
seem
seems
4. The tornadoes that tear through this county every spring _____ more
than just a nuisance.
are
is
5. Everyone selected to serve on this jury _____ to be willing to give up a
lot of time.
have
has
6. Kara Wolters, together with her teammates, _________ a formidable
opponent on the basketball court.
presents
present
7. He seems to forget that there __________ things to be done before he
can graduate.
are
is

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
8. There _______ to be some people left in that town after yesterday's
flood.
have
has

9. Some of the grain __________ to be contaminated.

appear
appears

10. Three-quarters of the students __________ against the tuition hike.

is
are
11. Three-quarters of the student body __________ against the tuition hike.
is
are
12. A high percentage of the population _________ voting for the new school.
is
are
13. A high percentage of the people _________ voting for the new school.
was
were

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
b. Quizz 2
1.

They make shoes in that factory.

Shoes

2.

People must not leave bicycles in the driveway.

Bicycles

3.

this month.

They make these tools of plastic.

These tools

7.

by July.

They are repairing the streets this month.

The streets

6.

in 1934.

The students will finish the course by July.

The course

5.

in the driveway.

They built that skyscraper in 1934.

That skyscraper

4.

in that factory.

They have finished the new product design.

of plastic.

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
The new product design

8.

They were cooking dinner when I arrived.

Dinner

9.

when I arrived.

Smithers painted 'Red Sunset' in 1986.

'Red Sunset'

10.

in 1986 by Smithers.

Did the plan interest you?

in the plan?

11.

They had finished the preparations by the time the guests arrived.
The preparations

by the time

the guests arrived.

12.

You should take care when working on electrical equipment.

Care

when working on

electrical equipment.
13.

They are going to perform Beethoven's Fifth Symphony next weekend.

Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
Beethoven's Fifth Symphony
next weekend.

14.

Someone will speak Japanese at the meeting.

Japanese

15.

at the meeting.

Karen is going to prepare the refreshments.

The refreshments

Karen.

by

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
c. Quizz 3
1. His new car was stolen.
a. It has a typical adjective ending.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD NOT BE CHECKED
b. It is gradable.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
c. It can undergo comparison
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
2. Something smells good.
a. It has a typical adjective ending.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD NOT BE CHECKED
b. It is gradable.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
c. It can undergo comparison
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
3. Their restaurant is very successful.
a. It has a typical adjective ending.
NO, THAT'S WRONG! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
b. It is gradable.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
c. It can undergo comparison
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
4. What an unbelievable story!
a. It has a typical adjective ending.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
b. It is gradable.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
c. It can undergo comparison
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
5. My uncle is an atomic scientist.
a. It has a typical adjective ending.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD BE CHECKED
b. It is gradable.
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD NOT BE CHECKED
c. It can undergo comparison
YES, WELL DONE! THIS BOX SHOULD NOT BE CHECKED

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
d. Quizz 4
1. Select the sentence in which usually appears in an appropriate position.
A. She usually shops for clothes at the local thrift store.
B. Usually she shops for clothes at the local thrift store.
C. She shops for clothes at the local thrift store usually.
D. Either "A" or "B" is fine.
2. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of adverbial
phrases.
A. She leaves the island during the months of December and
January after dark.
B. She leaves the island after dark during the months of December
and January.
C. Either "A" or "B" is fine.
3. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of adverbs and
adverbial phrases.
A. Ramonita prays at St. Matthew's Church fervently for her
grandmother's recovery.
B. Ramonita prays fervently for her grandmother's recovery at St.
Matthew's Church.
C. Ramonita prays fervently at St. Matthew's Church for her
grandmother's recovery.

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
D. Any one of the above is fine.
4. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of adverbial
phrases.
A. Juan made an appointment to see his doctor at two o'clock on the
first Thursday of July next summer.
B. Juan made an appointment next summer to see his doctor next
July at two o'clock on the first Thursday.
C. Either "A" or "B" is fine.
5. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of modifiers.
A. My father was born in Cleveland in the backroom of a bakery.
B. My father was born in the backroom of a bakery in Cleveland.
C. Either "A" or "B" is fine.

6. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of modifiers.

A. Dry the car carefully with a soft fluffy towel.
B. Dry the car with a soft fluffy towel carefully.
C. Carefully dry the car with a soft fluffy towel.
D. Either "A" or "C" is fine.
7. Select the most emphatic position for the adverbial modifier of this
sentence.

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
A. Rarely do we see this kind of talent on a small-town high school
baseball team.
B. We rarely see this kind of talent on a small-town high school
baseball team.
C. "A" and "B" are equally emphatic.
8. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of adverbial
modifiers.
A. He found the golf clubs that his father had used to win the U.S.
Open in the car trunk.
B. In the car trunk, he found the golf clubs that his father had used
to win the U.S. Open.
9. Select the sentence with the most appropriate position for the adjectival
modifier.
A. These miniature roses only grow to be an inch across.
B. These miniature roses grow to be only an inch across.
C. Either "A" or "B" is fine.

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
3. Write an abstract about Prescriptive Grammar.

Prescriptive grammar is defined as rules leading how a language

should or shouldnt be used relatively than describing the ways in which a
language is actually used. There is a lot of ways to say something, the
sentence s and words can have many meaning, the prescriptive grammar
said that one of the alternatives is the correct. This is because the correct
has to be more logic and has more explanation the other one.
The one that use prescriptive grammar is are prescriptivist or a
prescriptive grammarian. The rules of these grammar are taught at school,
people tend to be conscious of them, even if they don't actually follow them.
An example of a rule prescriptivists argue is that despite educated usage,
pronouns should have objective forms after prepositions. Another known
rule taught is that who is appropriate in certain contexts and whom in others.
Whether Prescriptive Grammar should be the only way is
controversial. The debate is whether language should evolve according to
use or not. Descriptive Grammar users state that a language that does not
change, ends up dying. Only time will tell if the rules of grammar change
and evolve with use or if they stay the same as they have always been.

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Title: EDUC 222 THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN THE

ELEMENTARY LEVEL
Term: Prescriptive Grammar. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2015, from
http://www.usingenglish.com/glossary/prescriptive-grammar.html
Descriptive vs. Prescriptive Rules. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2015, from
https://lingeducator.wordpress.com/descriptive-vs-prescriptive-rules/