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Training 2011
Routing
Router.md
MikroTik RouterOS
,
MikroTik RouterOS
,
MikroTik RouterOS
?
,
XY
(X , Y )
My number is:_________
B
LA
Lab
Ethernet
192.168.XY.0/24 (.1)
(.254)
Wi-Fi
AP SSID ap-qtraining
IP address 10.1.1.XY/24
wlan1
(GW) DNS
10.1.1.254
Internet
(full)
4
B
LA
B
LA
Lab (.)
(system identity) wireless radio name
XY_< >. : 00_Oleg
Mikrotik RouterOS 5.x ( bios)
Winbox
NTP client
10.1.1.254
backup
(
)
6
Simple Routing
(gateway)
()
()
()
0.0.0.0/0
8
B
LA
Lab
4 ,
Z
(cables, wireless) IP-
NAT (masquerade)
(simple static routes)
IP Network Structure
To Main AP
26
/
92
1
Z.
.
8
16
26
0/
2.
9
1
Z.
8.
16
2.
19
10.10.Z.0/30
Z.
8.
16
2.
19
26
8/
12
2.
9
1
26
/
64
.
.Z
8
16
10
!
load balancing ( )?
failover ()?
best path ( )?
?
!
11
ECMP Routes
ECMP (Equal Cost
Multi Path)
(gateway)
(gateway)
Round Robin
SRC / DST
(gateway)
!
12
Check-gateway
(gateways)
ICMP (ping) ARP
(gateway)
(gateway)
ECMP ,
() (gateway)
Round Robin
Check-gateway
(gateway)
13
B
LA
ECMP Lab
ECMP
192.168.XY.0/24 check-gateway
Other participants adjust simple routes to reach each other
without routes though the first participant
ECMP
traceroute
Undo
14
Configuration Example
15
Distance
,
,
distance.
,
distance
16
B
LA
(clockwise)
Distance=1 check-gateway
(anticlockwise) Distance=2
(redundancy)
(clockwise)
traceroute
17
To Main AP
B
LA
To Laptop
BACKUP
LINK
To Laptop
To Laptop
18
Configuration Example
19
(clockwise)
check-gateway
(failure) ,
,
( )
:
,
,
20
Routing Mark
routing mark
IP firewall
mangle chains prerouting
output
,
( ,
)
(routing mark)
21
B
LA
(chain prerouting)
( routing-mark)
(redundancy)
(clockwise)
traceroute
22
23
Configuration Example
24
25
Changing TTL
26
B
LA
Clean-up Lab
mangle
IP routes
27
28
Scope/Target-Scope
Route's scope contains all routes that scope
value is less or equal to its target-scope value
Example:
0 ADC dst-address=1.1.1.0/24 pref-src=1.1.1.1
interface=ether1 scope=10 target-scope=0
1 A S dst-address=2.2.2.0/24 gateway=1.1.1.254
interface=ether1 scope=30 target-scope=10
2 A S dst-address=3.3.3.0/24 gateway=2.2.2.254
interface=ether1 scope=30 target-scope=30
29
30
Type
(blackhole/prohibit/unreachable)
31