P DNG NHNG IU HC

(Page 280 282)

Nh hc trn, cc tin t - prefix: fore- mang ngha trc, u, mis- mang ngha
xu, sai, khng ng, over- v out- mang ngha hn, qu, nhiu hn mc , Vic ghi
nh cc tin t ny gip ta d nh t vng v i lc an nhng t mi mt cch chnh xc
hn. Th gin xu vi bi tp bn di.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Exercise 5: Change each of the following expressions to a single word beginning with fore-,
mis-, out-, or over-. The first answer has been filled in as an example:
1. Seen beforehand
_____ => Foreseen
2. Badly matched _____
3. Grown to excess
_____
4. Use wrongly
_____
5. Cooked too much
_____
6. Person beyond the law_____
7. Wrong interpretation _____
8. Doom beforehand
_____
9. Ride faster than
_____
10. Inform incorrectly
_____
11. To cautious
_____
12. Bad calculation
_____
13. Front feet (of a four-legged animal) _____
14. Too simplified
_____
15. Swim better than
_____
16. Govern badly
_____
17. Stay too long
_____
18. One who runs before _____
19. Wrong statement
_____
20. Shout louder than
_____
Lm th nha:
2. Badly matched => Dng tin t mis- => mismatch
=> p n ng: Mismatched = Khng xng i
3. Grow to excess => Ch excess c ngha l qu mc -> Dng tin t over - => Over grow
=> p n ng: Outgrown = qu ln, ln vt mc
4. Use wrongly => Dng tin t mis- => Misuse
=> p n ng: Misuse = S dng sai, s dng khng ng
5. Cooked too much => Dng tin t over- => Overcooked

=> p n ng: Overcooked = Nu qu chn

6. Person beyond the law => Dng tin t over- =>
=> p n ng: Outlaw = K sng ngai vng php lut
7. Wrong interpretation => Dng tin t mis- => Misinterpretation
=> p n ng: Misinterpretation = Gii thch sai, hiu sai
8. Doom beforehand => Dng tin t fore- => Foredoom
=> p n ng: Foredoom = Tin nh phi chu s phn bt hnh; tai ha, cht.
C nh vy, da vo mt s yu t c sn thit lp mt t mi. ng sai th kim tra t in
sau.
9. Ride faster than
=> p n ng: Outride = Li nhanh hn
10. Inform incorrectly
=> p n ng: Misinform = Thng bo khng chnh xc
11. Too cautious
=> p n ng: Overcautious = Qu cn thn
12. Bad calculation
=> p n ng: Miscalculation = Tnh tan sai.
13. Front feet
=> p n ng: Forefeet = chn trc
14. Too simplified
=> p n ng: Oversimplified = Qu n gin ha, n gin ha qu mc
15. Swim better than
=> p n ng: Outswim = Li hn, bi gii hn
16. Govern badly
=> p n ng: Misgovern = Cai tr ti, d, km
17. Stay too long
=> p n ng: Outstay = li qu lu
18. One who runs before
=> p n ng: Forerunner = Ngi i u, i tin phong
19. Wrong statement
=> p n ng: Misstatement = Khng nh sai lc

20. Shout louder than

=> p n ng: Outshout = La ln hn.
Cn nguyn tc khi no dng out- khi no dng over- ca t mang ngha: qu, hn, :

out-

over-

surpassing, exceeding

outperform

external, away from

outbuilding, outboard

excessively, completely

overconfident, overburdened, overjoyed

upper, outer, over, above

overcoat, overcast

Mc d c hai t ny u din t mt tnh cht no vt qu mc nhng khng c

ngha l ta c th dng out- thay cho over- c. Ni chung l nhn ci bng, tra t in xong
xui, khng bit nguyn tc dng 2 t ny l g lun T vng th hc thuc, bit vy thi ^-^ :
Out-:
- Surpassing (adjective):
Vt hn, tri hn
- Exceeding (adjective):
Vt tri, qu chng
- External (adjective):
bn ngai
- Away from (adverb):Xa
Over-:
- Excessively (adverb): Qu chng, qu ng
- Completely (adverb):
Han tan, trn vn
- Upper (adjective):
Cao hn
- Outer (adjective):
pha ngoi
- Above (adverb):
trn, pha trn.
Cn mt bi tp ny cng th v lm. Mi ngi lm th. n li t mi lun:
Exercise 6: In the space provided, write the letter of the word not related in meaning to the other
words in each line.
1. (A) Ancestor
(B) Forefather
(C) Descendant
(D) Forebear
Meaning: (A) ng b (B) T ph
(C) Con chu (D) T tin
2. (A) Outlived
Meaning:

(B) Survived
(C) outlasted
(D) Outwitted
(A)Sng lu hn
(B)Sng lu hn
(C)Tn ti lu hn
(D)Thng minh hn

3. (A) Principal
(B) Foremost
(C) Latest
(D) Chief
Meaning: (A) Chnh yu
(B) Hng u (C) Mun nht (D) Chnh yu
4. (A) Misgiving
(B) Blunder
Meaning: (A) Lo u (B) Sai lm

(C) Foreboding
(C) im xu

(D) Presentiment
(D) Linh cm

5. (A) Overcast
Meaning:

(B) Overburden
(C) Overload
(D) Overtax
(A) Lm u m, my ph
(B) Cht qua nng
(C) nh thu nng
(D) nh thu nng.

6. (A) Luck
(B) Foresight
(C) Prudence
(D) Forethought
Meaning: (A) May mn
(B) Thy trc (C) Cn thn (D) Suy ngh trc
7. (A) Output
(B) Yield
Meaning: (A) Xut lng

(C) Surrender
(D) Product
(B) Nng sut (C) u hng (D) Sn phm

8. (A) Misfortune
Meaning:

(B) Mishap
(C) Mischance
(D) Mistrust
(A) Bt hnh
(B) iu khng may
(C) S khng may
(D) Khng tin tng

9. (A) Overbearing
Meaning:

(B) Beguiling
(A) Kiu ngo
(C) nh la

(C) Deluding
(D) Misleading
(B) nh la
(D) Dn n ch sai, la gt

10. (A) Prediction

(B) Prophecy
(C) Forecast
(D) Fortune
Meaning: (A) Tin an
(B) Tin tri
(C) Tin an (D) S phn
p n: 1-C, 2-D, 3-C, 4-B, 5-A, 6-A, 7-C, 8-D, 9-A, 10-D