REGIONALISM : TOWARD A

MORE PERFECT
(EUROPEAN) UNION

HISTORY OF EUROPEAN
UNION
European Coal and Steel Community
(ECSC)- 1952
European Economic Community (EEC)
1957
European Community (EC) 1967
European Union (EU) 1993

ECONOMICS AND POLITICS OF

REGIONALISM
Economic Integration
- FTA
- Custom Union
- Economic Union
Effect of Economic Integration
- Static efficiency gain.
- Dynamic efficiency gain.

EUROPE AND THE MIRROR OF

REGIONALISM
Reflects fear and hopes
Different motives to regionalism
Example : France and Britain.

THE BICYCLE THEORY

European unity could be sustained strive for an ever closer union.
The broader market - Face a variety of
tensions with the EC.
Mid 1980, higher EC program cost,
imposing a disproportionate burden.
Jacques Delors propose a single integrated
market.
The goal single market 4 freedoms
(goods, services, capital, people)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS

European Council
President of the European Council
Council of the EU
European Commission
European Parliament (EP)
European Court of Justice (ECJ)
European Central Bank (ECB)

THREE CHALLENGES FOR THE EUROPEAN

UNION
The challenge of the financial & economic crisis
The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers in 2008
Drafted emergency legislation to support their banks
Unemployment rate increase from 6.9 to 8.9 %.
Joint action against the crisis difficult different perspective.

 The Challenge of the Democratic

Deficit
Decision making lack of transparency of EU
institution & distribution of responsibility.
European Parliament does not work like national
parliament.
Approve
or reject the nomination made by
European Council.
The decision by EP tariffs, technical standard,
competition policy, agriculture policy.
Security , economic, social policies outside the
EP.

 Challenges in World Politics

Growing economic competition
Energy policy
Fossil fuel issues

Security policy
terrorism

war

against

international