Solucionario Calculo Vectorial

968
Chapter 15 Multiple Integrals
15.5 MASSES AND MOMENTS IN THREE DIMENSIONS

c2
b2
a2
c 2
c2
c#
12
; likewise Ry a
b2
c2
b2
1. Ix 'c2 'b2 'a2 ay# z# b dx dy dz a 'c2 'b2 ay# z# b dy dz a 'c2 y3 yz#

dz
b2
b
b
a 'c2 12
bz# dz ab 12
z
Rx b
'3 '2 8y3

3
2y$
3
42y3
Iz 'c3 'c2 'c43

3
3. Ix '0 '0
a
M
3
and Rz a
b#
12
c$
12
abc
1#
8(2 y)$
81
x# (4 2y)
3
64
81
4x#
3
42y3
dy dx 'c3 12x#
3
64
81
ax# y# b dz dy dx '3 '2 ax# y# b 83

3
M
3
aa# c# b and Iz
M
3
2y
3
dy dx 12 '3 ax# 2b dx 360

3
Myz '0
x dz dy dx '0
dx
abc ab# c# b
3
aa# b# b , by symmetry
1cx
x "# dx
"
6
'0 x(1 x y) dy dx "# '0 ax$ 2x# xb dx 24"

1
1cx
1cxcy
x y z "4 , by symmetry; Ix '0 '0 '0
ay# z# b dz dy dx
1
1cx
1
"
"
'0 '0 y# xy# y$ (1 x3 y) dy dx "6 '0 (1 x)% dx 30
Iy Ix 30
, by symmetry
1
'0 '0
c$ b
3
1cxcy
ax# z# b dz dy dx
dx 280;
'01cx '01cxcy dz dy dx '01 '01cx (1 x y) dy dx '01 x#

1cx
42y3
32
3
ab# c# b ;
ay# z# b dz dy dx
'0c ay# z# b dz dy dx '0a '0b cy# c3 dy dx '0a cb3
4. (a) M '0
M
12
' ' '

dy dx '3 104
3 dx 208; Iy 3 2 43
ab# c# b where M abc; Iy
ab# c# b
, by symmetry
'c3 'c2 (4 812y)

3
c#
12
ab b12c
is the top of the wedge Ix '3 '2 '43
4 2y
3
2. The plane z
c2
z$
3 c2
5
5
Ix
(b) Rx M
5"
0.4472; the distance from the centroid to the x-axis is 0#
"
16
"
16
8"
2
4
0.3536
5. M 4 '0
2 '0
'01 '4y4 dz dy dx 4 '01 '01 a4 4y# b dy dx 16 '01 23 dx 323 ; Mxy 4 '01 '01 '4y4
#
z dz dy dx
12
'0 a16 16y% b dy dx 128
'0 dx 128
5
5 z 5 , and x y 0, by symmetry;
1
1
4
1
1
64y
7904
%
' 1 1976
Ix 4 '0 '0 '4y ay# z# b dz dy dx 4 '0 '0 4y# 64

3 4y 3 dy dx 4 0 105 dx 105 ;
1
'
Iy 4 '0
4832
63
'01 '4y4 ax# z# b dz dy dx 4 '01 '01 4x# 643 4x# y# 64y3 dy dx 4 '01 38 x# 128
dx
7
'
; Iz 4 '0
16 '0 2x3
1
'01 '4y4 ax# y# b dz dy dx 16 '01 '01 ax# x# y# y# y% b dy dx
2
15
dx
4x# 2
256
45
2x
6. (a) M 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

2
x dz dy dx '2 '4x#2 x(2 x) dy dx '2 x(2 x) 4 x# dx 21;
4x# 2
2x
y dz dy dx '2 '4x#2 y(2 x) dy dx
"
#
4 x #
4
'c22 (2 x) 44x
4x# 2
2x
Mxz 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

2
4x# 2
Myz 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

2
4x# 2
dz dy dx '2 '4x#2 (2 x) dy dx '2 (2 x) 4 x# dx 41;
4x# 2
dx 0 x "# and y 0
Section 15.5 Masses and Moments in Three Dimensions

4x# 2
2x
(b) Mxy 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

2
51 z
7. (a) M 4 '0
4cx
Mxy '0
'22 '44xx 22
"
#
(2 x)# dy dx
'22 (2 x)# 4 x# dx
'x4y dz dy dx 4 '012 '02 'r 4 r dz dr d) 4 '012 '02 a4r r$ b dr d) 4 '012 4 d) 81;

#
'0 'r zr dz dr d) '0 '0

2
"
#
5
4
'0
21
z dz dy dx
21
by symmetry
(b) M 81 41 '0
21
r
#
a16 r% b dr d)
'0 c 'r c r dz dr d) '021 '0

#
32
3
'021 d) 6431
acr r$ b dr d) '0
21
8
3
c#
4
c# 1
#
d)
, and x y 0,
c# 8 c 22,
since c 0
8. M 8; Mxy 'c1 '3 'c1 z dz dy dx 'c1 '3 z2 dy dx 0; Myz 'c1 '3 'c1 x dz dy dx
"
1
"
2 'c1 '3 x dy dx 4 'c1 x dx 0; Mxz 'c1 '3 'c1 y dz dy dx 2 'c1 '3 y dy dx 16 'c1 dx 32
1
5
1
1
5
1
x 0, y 4, z 0; Ix ' ' ' ay# z# b dz dy dx ' ' 2y# 23 dy dx 23 ' 100 dx 400
3 ;
1
c1
c1
c1
c1
1
5
1
1
5
1
Iy 'c1 '3 'c1 ax# z# b dz dy dx 'c1 '3 2x# 23 dy dx 43 'c1 a3x# 1b dx 16
3 ;
1
5
1
1
5
1
400
Iz 'c1 '3 'c1 ax# y# b dz dy dx 2 'c1 '3 ax# y# b dy dx 2 'c1 2x# 98

3 dx 3
Rx Rz 50
3
and Ry 23
2y2
9. The plane y 2z 2 is the top of the wedge IL 'c2 'c2 'c1

2
'c2 'c2 (y 6)#(4 y)

2
"
#
(2 y)$
24
49
3
dt 1386;
IL
(3)(6)(4) 36 RL M
77
#
"
#
c(y 6)# z# d dz dy dx
#
"3 dy dx; let t 2 y IL 4 'c2 13t
24 5t 16t
2y2
10. The plane y 2z 2 is the top of the wedge IL 'c2 'c2 'c1
c(x 4)# y# d dz dy dx
'c22 'c42 ax# 8x 16 y# b (4 y) dy dx 'c22 a9x# 72x 162b dx 696; M "# (3)(6)(4) 36
IL
RL M
58
3
11. M 8; IL '0
'02 '01 cz# (y 2)# d dz dy dx '04 '02 y# 4y 133 dy dx 103 '04 dx 403
IL
RL M
53
12. M 8; IL '0
'02 '01 c(x 4)# y# d dz dy dx '04 '02 c(x 4)# y# d dy dx '04 2(x 4)# 83 dx 160
3
IL
RL M
20
3
'02cx '02cxcy 2x dz dy dx '02 '02cx a4x 2x# 2xyb dy dx '02 ax$ 4x# 4xb dx 43
2
2cx
2cxcy
2
2cx
2
8
8
Mxy '0 '0 '0
2xz dz dy dx '0 '0 x(2 x y)# dy dx '0 x(23 x) dx 15
; Mxz 15
by
2
2cx
2cxcy
2
2cx
2
#
symmetry; Myz '0 '0 '0
2x# dz dy dx '0 '0 2x# (2 x y) dy dx '0 a2x x# b dx 16
15
13. (a) M '0
(b)
4
5
969
, and y z
2
5
970
14. (a) M '0
'0 x '04cx
(b) Myz '0
2562k
231
k
4
kxy dz dy dx k'0
'0 x '04cx
'0 x '04cx
402
77
'0
kx# y dz dy dx k '0
; Mxz '0
5
4
xy a4 x# b dy dx
'0
x# y a4 x# b dy dx
kxy# dz dy dx k'0
'0 x '04cx
; Mxy '0
'02 a16x# 8x% x' b dx 256k

105
'02 a4x# x% b dx 32k

15
k
#
'0
k
#
'02 a4x$ x& b dx 8k3
xy# a4 x# b dy dx
kxyz dz dy dx '0
'0
k
3
'02 4x&# x*# dx

#
xy a4 x# b dy dx
8
7
15. (a) M '0
'01 '01 (x y z 1) dz dy dx '01 '01 x y 3# dy dx '01 (x 2) dx 5#

1
1
1
1
1
1
4
Mxy '0 '0 '0 z(x y z 1) dz dy dx "# '0 '0 x y 53 dy dx "# '0 x 13
6 dx 3
1
(b)
Mxy Myz Mxz

(c) Iz '0
4
3
, by symmetry x y z
8
15
'01 '01 ax# y# b (x y z 1) dz dy dx '01 '01 ax# y# b x y 3# dy dx
'0 x$ 2x# "3 x 34 dx

1
Ix Iy Iz
11
6
11
6
, by symmetry
Iz
(d) Rx Ry Rz M
11
15
16. The plane y 2z 2 is the top of the wedge.

2y2
(a) M 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
2y2
Mxz 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
2y2
Mxy 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
2y2
(c) Ix 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
2y2
Iy 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
2y2
Iz 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
2y2
(b) Myz 'c1 'c2 'c1

1
(x 1) dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2 y# dy dx 18
4
x(x 1) dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 x(x 1) 2 y# dy dx 6;

1
y(x 1) dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 y(x 1) 2 y# dy dx 0;

1
z(x 1) dz dy dx
"
#
'c11 'c42 (x 1) y4
y dy dx 0 x
(x 1) ay# z# b dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2y#

1
(x 1) ax# z# b dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2x#

1
1
3
, and y z 0
$
3" " 2y dy dx 45;
"
3
y
#
"
3
x# y
#
$
3" " 2y dy dx 15;
(x 1) ax# y# b dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2 y# ax# y# b dy dx 42

1
Ix
Iz
(d) Rx M
5# Ry My 56 and Rz M
37
17. M '0
'zc1c1z '0
(2y 5) dy dx dz '0
'zc1c1z z 5z dx dz '01 2 z 5z (1 z) dz
"
$#
2 '0 5z"# z 5z$# z# dz 2 10
"# z# 2z&# 3" z$ ! 2 93 #3 3
3 z
1
4cx
16c2 x# by#
18. M 'c2 'c4cx# '2 ax#by#b

2
4 '0
21
4cx
x# y# dz dy dx ' ' # x# y# c16 4 ax# y# bd dy dx

c2 c 4cx
2
'02 r a4 r# b r dr d) 4 '021 4r3
r5 d) 4 '0
&
21
64
15
d)
5121
15
19. (a) Let ?Vi be the volume of the ith piece, and let (xi yi zi ) be a point in the ith piece. Then the work done
by gravity in moving the ith piece to the xy-plane is approximately Wi mi gzi (xi yi zi 1)g ?Vi zi
the total work done is the triple integral W '0
'01 '01 (x y z 1)gz dz dy dx

1
1
1
1
1
"
"
g '0 '0 "# xz# "# yz# 3" z$ #" z# ! dy dx g '0 '0 #" x #" y 56 dy dx g '0 2" xy 4" y# 56 y ! dx
1
g '0 "# x
1
13
12
dx g x4
13
12
"
16
x g 12
4
3
Section 15.5 Masses and Moments in Three Dimensions
971
8
8
8
(b) From Exercise 15 the center of mass is 15
15
15
and the mass of the liquid is 5# the work done by
8
gravity in moving the center of mass to the xy-plane is W mgd 52 (g) 15
34 g, which is the same as
the work done in part (a).

20. (a) From Exercise 19(a) we see that the work done is W g '0
kg '0
kg
4
x "
'0
xy a4 x# b dy dx
8 &
" ( #
$
16
3 x 5 x 7 x !
kg
4
'0
'0 x '04cx
x# a4 x# b dx
kg
4
kxyz dz dy dx
'0 a16x# 8x% x' b dx

2
256kg
105
(b) From Exercise 14 the center of mass is 54 4077 2 78 and the mass of the liquid is
gravity in moving the center of mass to the xy-plane is W mgd
21. (a) x
Myz
M
32k
8
15 (g) 7
32k
15
the work done by
256kg
105
' ' ' x$ (x y z) dx dy dz 0 Myz 0
(b) IL ' ' ' kv hik# dm ' ' ' k(x h) i yjk# dm ' ' ' ax# 2xh h# y# b dm
D
' ' ' ax# y# b dm 2h ' ' ' x dm h# ' ' ' dm Ix 0 h# m Ic m h# m
22. IL Ic m mh#
2
5
ma# ma#
7
5
ma#
#
23. (a) (x y z) #a #b #c Iz Ic m abc a4
abc aa# b# b
3
abc aa# b# b
4
#
(b) IL Icm abc a4
abc aa# 7b# b

3
b#
4
Icm Iz
# b #
abc aa# b# b
; Rcm IcMm a 12
1#
#
#
#
#
#
b# 2b# abc aa12 b b abc aa 4 9b b
abc aa# b# b
4
IL
; RL M
a
42y3
24. M 'c3 'c2 'c43
abc a4a# 28b# b

1#
7b#
3
dz dy dx '3 '2 23 (4 y) dy dx '3 23 4y

3
%
y#
2 #
dx 12 '3 dx 72;
3
x y z 0 from Exercise 2 Ix Icm 72 0# 0# Icm IL Icm 72 16
16
9
1488
208 72 160
9
25. MyzB"B# ' ' ' x dV" ' ' ' x dV# Myz" Myz# x Myz" Myz# m" m# ; similarly,
B"
B#
y Mxz" Mxz# m" m# and z Mxy" Mxy# m" m# c xi yj zk

m " m Myz" Myz# i Mxz" Mxz# j Mxy" Mxy# k
"
"
m" m#
"
m" m#
cam" x" m# x# b i am" y" m# y# b j am" z" m# z# b kd

cm" ax" i y" j z" kb m# ax# i y# j z# kbd
i 13j 13
13
13
2 k
x 13
7
14 , y 7 , z 14
2i 7j 12 k
"
k 12 i 11
x 1, y 27 , z 41
# j # k 12 12
2
13i 74j 5k
"
11
"
37
5
x 13
# k 12 i # j # k 2 12
14
14 , y 7 , z 14
25i 92j 7k
"
k 2 "# i 4j "# k 12 i 11
x 25
# j # k 12 2 12
26
26 ,
26. (a) c 12 i 32 j k 2 "# i 4j "# k12 2

(b) c 12 i 32 j
(c) c 2 "# i 4j
(d) c 12 i 32 j
m" c" m# c#
m" m#
13
#
46
13
,z
7
26
972

#
1a3 h h4 k 213a c 3a
8 k
27. (a) c
m" m#
a 31 h
# 3a#
4
m" m#
1 a# h
3
, where m"
and m#
21 a$
3
; if
h# 3a#
4
0, or h a3, then the centroid is on the common base

(b) See the solution to Exercise 55, Section 15.2, to see that h a2.
#
28. c
s 3h 4h k s$ c #s k
s
12
ah# c 6s# b k
m" m#
m" m#
, where m"
s# h
3
and m# s$ ; if h# 6s# 0,
or h 6s, then the centroid is in the base of the pyramid. The corresponding result in 15.2, Exercise 56, is h 3s.
15.6 TRIPLE INTEGRALS IN CYLINDRICAL AND SPHERICAL COORDINATES
1.
'021 '01 'r
2cr
dz r dr d) '0
21
'0 2 3 23 d)
21
2.
'021 '03 'r 318r
4.
3
#
'03 r a18 r# b"# r3 dr d) '021 "3 a18 r# b$# 12r $ d)

$
91 82 7
2
12)1#
dz r dr d) '0
21
21
)&
201% !
'01 '0)1 '344rr
# "#
) 1
!
4 '0 21)#
1
)%
41 %
d)
371
15
d)
'01 r a2 r# b"# r# dr d) 3 '021 a2 r# b"# r3 " d)

$
d) 1 62 8
6.
'021 '01 'c1122 ar# sin# ) z# b dz r dr d) '021 '01 r$ sin# ) 12r dr d) '021 sin4 ) 24" d) 13
7.
'021 '03 '0z3
8.
'c11 '021 '01bcos ) 4r dr d) dz 'c11 '021 2(1 cos ))# d) dz 'c11 61 d) 121
9.
'01 '0 z '021 ar# cos# ) z# b r d) dr dz '01 '0
r$ dr dz d) '0
21
21
z
3
'03 324
dz d) '0 20
d) 3101
%
'0 14r 1r# z#

1
10.
4) %
161%
'0)1 "# c9 a4 r# b a4 r# bd r dr d) 4 '01 '0)1 a4r r$ b dr d)
21
4
3
171
5
3 dz r dr d) 3 '0
3 '0 2
21
'0)21 a3r 24r$ b dr d) '021 32 r# 6r% !)21 d) #3 '021 4)1
'021 '01 'r 2cr
z dz r dr d) '0
4 '0 2r# r4
5.
21
'021 '0)21 '0324r
41 2 "
dz r dr d) '0
3.
$#
'01 r a2 r# b"# r# dr d) '021 "3 a2 r# b$# r3 " d)
$#
r# sin 2)
4
dz '0 14z 1z$ dz 112z
'02 'rc24cr '021 (r sin ) 1) r d) dz dr '02 'rc24cr

21 "3 a4 r# b
r2)
r$
3
z# )
"
1 z%
4 !
r dr dz '0
'0
a1r$ 21rz# b dr dz
1
3
21r dz dr 21'0 r a4 r# b
2
r# 21 83 4 3" (4)$# 81
!
#1
"#
r# 2r dr
Section 15.6 Triple Integrals in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates

4cr
'021 '01 '0
11. (a)
dz r dr d)
4cz
'021 '0 '01 r dr dz d) '021 '23 '0
(b)
4cr
'01 '0
(c)
r dr dz d)
'021 r d) dz dr
'021 '01 'r 2cr dz r dr d)

#
12. (a)
2cz
(b)
'021 '01 '0z r dr dz d) '021 '12 '0
(c)
'0 'r '0

1
2cr#
21
r dr dz d)
r d) dz dr
13.
'c1122 '0cos ) '03r
14.
'c1122 '01 '0r cos ) r$ dz dr d) '1122 '01 r% cos ) dr d) "5 '1122 cos ) d) 25
15.
'01 '02 sin ) '04cr sin ) f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
16.
'1122 '03 cos ) '05r cos ) f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
17.
'c1122 '11cos ) '04
18.
'1122 'cos2 cos) ) '03r sin ) f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
19.
'014 '0sec ) '02r sin ) f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
20.
'1142 '0csc ) '02r sin ) f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
21.
'01 '01 '02 sin 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 83 '01 '01 sin% 9 d9 d) 83 '01 sin 94cos 9 1 34 '01 sin# 9 d9 d)
f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
f(r ) z) dz r dr d)
1
1
1
1
1
2 '0 '0 sin# 9 d9 d) '0 ) sin#2) ! d) '0 1 d) 1#
22.
23.
24.
'021 '014 '02 (3 cos 9) 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) '021 '014 4 cos 9 sin 9 d9 d) '021 c2 sin# 9d !1% d) '021 d) 21
'021 '01 '01cos 92 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 24" '021 '01 (1 cos 9)$ sin 9 d9 d) 96" '021 c(1 cos 9)% d !1 d)
21
21
" '
16 '
%
96
a
2

0
b
d
)
d) 6" (21) 13
96
0
0
'0312 '01 '01 53$ sin$ 9 d3 d9
5
6
d)
5
4
'0312 '01 sin$ 9 d9 d) 54 '0312 sin 93cos 9 1 23 '01 sin 9 d9 d)
'0312 c cos 9d 1! d) 53 '0312 d) 5#1
973
974
25.
'021 '013 'sec2 9 33# sin 9 d3 d9
d) '0
21
'0 (4 2) 8 "# d)

21
26.
27.
5
#
'013 a8 sec$ 9b sin 9 d9 d) '021 8 cos 9 "2 sec# 9 !1$ d)
'021 d) 51
'021 '014 '0sec 9 3$ sin 9 cos 9 d3 d9 d) "4 '021 '014 tan 9 sec# 9 d9 d) "4 '021 2" tan# 9 !1% d)
21
"8 '0 d) 14
2
0
'02 'c01 '1142 3$ sin 29 d9 d) d3 '02 '01 3$ cos229 11#
d) d3 '0 '1 3#
%
d) d3 '0
2 $
3 1
d3
138 21
!
28.
'1163 'csc2 csc9 9 '021 3# sin 9 d) d3 d9 21 '1163 'csc2 csc9 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 231 '1163 c3$ sin 9d csc2 csc9 9 d9
29.
141
3
281
3 3
'01 '01 '014 123 sin$ 9 d9 d) d3 '01 '01 123 sin 39 cos 9 1% 83 '014 sin 9 d9 d) d3
#
'0
30.
'1163 csc# 9 d9
'0
1
23
2
83 ccos
1%
9d !
d) d3 '0
'0 83
1
103
2
d) d3 1'0 83
1
103
2
d3 1 43#
"
53#
2
!
42 5 1
2
'1162 '1122 'csc2 9 53% sin$ 9 d3 d) d9 '1162 '1122 a32 csc& 9b sin$ 9 d) d9 '1162 '1122 a32 sin$ 9 csc# 9b d) d9
1 '16 a32 sin$ 9 csc# 9b d9 1 32 sin 39 cos 9
12
1 3224 3
641
3
ccos
1#
9d 1'
1 3
3
3
1
1#
1'
641
3
'1162 sin 9 d9 1 ccot 9d 11#

'
6431 #3
3313
3
1113
31. (a) x# y# 1 3# sin# 9 1, and 3 sin 9 1 3 csc 9; thus
'021 '016 '02 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) '021 '1162 '0csc 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)

'021 '12 '1sin6
(b)
3# sin 9 d9 d3 d) '0
21
'02 '016 3# sin 9 d9 d3 d)
'021 '014 '0sec 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)

'021 '01 '014 3# sin 9 d9 d3 d)
32. (a)
(b)
'0
21
33. V '0
21
" 13
"
3
'1 2 'cos1"4 "3 3# sin 9 d9 d3 d)
'012 'cos2 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) "3 '021 '012 a8 cos$ 9b sin 9 d9 d)
31
'021 8 cos 9 cos4 9 1# d) 3" '021 8 4" d) 12
(21) 3161
%
34. V '0
'012 '11cos 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) "3 '021 '012 a3 cos 9 3 cos# 9 cos$ 9b sin 9 d9 d)
21
21
1#
111
' 21
11
"3 '0 3# cos# 9 cos$ 9 14 cos% 9 ! d) 3" '0 32 1 4" d) 11
12 0 d) 12 (21) 6
21

35. V '0
21
"
12
(2)
36. V '0
21
"
12
'012 '01cos 9
'0
21
21
d)
1#
9)
'021 '012 (1 cos 9)$ sin 9 d9 d) 3" '021 (" cos
d)
4
%
1
6
3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
"
6
"
3
(21)
8
3
'021 '1142 cos$ 9 sin 9 d9 d) 83 '021 cos4 9 1# d)

%
1%
1
3
21
4 '
81
'1132 '02 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 83 '021 '1132 sin 9 d9 d) 83 '021 c cos 9d 11#
$ d) 3 0 d) 3
12
(c) 8 '0
(c)
'0
21
3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
(21)
'1142 '02 cos 9
39. (a) 8'0
40. (a)
"
12
d)
"
83 16
38. V '0
'021 d) 43 (21) 831
21
37. V '0
1
9)
'01 '01ccos 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 3" '021 '01 (1 cos 9)$ sin 9 d9 d) 3" '021 (" cos
d)
4
'012 '02 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)

4cx
'0
4cx cy
'0
'012 '03 2 'r
9r
(b) 8'0
12
4r
'02 '0
21
dz r dr d)
dz dy dx
dz r dr d)
(b)
'012 '014 '03 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
'012 '014 '03 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 9 '012 '014 sin 9 d9 d) 9 '012 "
41. (a) V '0
'013 'sec2 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
(b) V '0
21
3 3cx 4cx cy
(c) V 'c3 'c3cx '1
dz dy dx
3
21
"#
#
91 2 2
1 d)
4r
'0 3 '1
dz r dr d)
(d)
V '0 '0
r a4 r b
# $#
'021 d) 531
5
6
r#
#
$
!
d) '0 "3
21
3
#
4$#
3
d)
'01 '0 1cr r# dz r dr d)

12
21
1
Iz '0 '0 '0 a3# sin# 9b a3# sin 9b d3 d9 d), since r# x# y# 3# sin# 9 cos# ) 3# sin# 9 sin# )
42. (a) Iz '0
21
(b)
21
r dr d) '0 a4 3r b
3# sin# 9
(c) Iz '0
21
2
15
12
12
8
6
(21)
43. V 4 '0
4'
'012 5" sin$ 9 d9 d) 5" '021 sin 93cos 9 1# 23 '012 sin 9 d9 d) 152 '021 c cos 9d !1# d)
41
15
'01 'r 414r
12
dz r dr d) 4 '0
'01 a5r 4r$ r& b dr d) 4 '012 5# 1 "6 d)
81
3
d)
44. V 4'0
12
4 '0
12
'01 '1r1r
"#
"
3
12
dz r dr d) 4 '0
"
3
d) 2'0 d)
12
'01 r r# r1r# dr d) 4 '012 r2
2 1#
r$
3
"3 a1 r# b
$# "
d)
!
975
976
45. V '312 '0

21
3 cos )
'0cr sin ) dz r dr d) '32112 '03 cos ) r# sin ) dr d) '32112 a9 cos$ )b (sin )) d)
#1
94 cos% ) $1#
3 cos )
46. V 2 '12 '0

1
18 cos
47. V '0
12
1
) sin )
3
1#
1r
'0
1#
48. V '0
12
'0cos ) '03
'112 cos ) d) 12 csin )d 11# 12

12
$#
4 3 1
18
1
6
2
3
dz r dr d) '0
a1 sin )b
29 csin )d !
9
4
'0r dz r dr d) 2 '112 '03 cos ) r# dr d) 23 '112 27 cos$ ) d)
'0sin ) '0
12
"
3
0
9
4
1r
'0sin ) r1r# dr d) '012 "3 a1 r# b$# sin ) d)
1 d)
12
dz r dr d) '0
"
3
'0
12
acos ) 1b d)
"
3
1#
cos# ) sin )
3
!
2
3
'012 cos ) d) 3) !1#
'0cos ) 3r1r# dr d) '012 a1 r# b$# cos ) d)

!
1#
12
12
12
$#
'0 a1 cos# )b 1 d) '0 a1 sin$ )b d) ) sin )3cos )
23 '0 sin ) d)
#
1
#
1#
23 ccos )d !
1
#
2
3
31 4
6
49. V '0
'12133 '0a 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) '021 '12133
50. V '0
'012 '0a 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) a3 '016 '012
51. V '0
'013 'sec2 9
21
16
21
a$
3
a$
3
sin 9 d9 d)
sin 9 d9 d)
a$
3
'021 c cos 9d #11$$ d) a3 '021 "# "# d) 213a

$
'016 d) a181
$
3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
'021 '013 a8 sin 9 tan 9 sec# 9b d9 d)

21
1$
3" '0 8 cos 9 2" tan# 9 ! d)
21
21
"3 '0 4 #" (3) 8 d) 3" '0 5# d) 56 (21) 531
"
3
52. V 4 '0
12
'014 'sec2 sec9 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
4
3
'012 '014 a8 sec$ 9 sec$ 9b sin 9 d9 d)
'012 '014 sec$ 9 sin 9 d9 d) 283 '012 '014 tan 9 sec# 9 d9 d) 283 '012 2" tan# 9 !1% d)
12
'
14
d) 731
3
0
28
3
53. V 4 '0
'01 '0r
54. V 4 '0
'01 'r r 1 dz r dr d) 4 '012 '01 r dr d) 2 '012 d) 1
55. V 8 '0
'1 2 '0r
56. V 8 '0
'1 2 '0
12
12
12
8
3
'0
dz r dr d) 4 '0
12
'01 r$ dr d) '012 d) 1#
12
12
12
2r
d)
dz r dr d) 8 '0
41
3
'1
12
dz r dr d) 8 '0
r# dr d) 8 2
'1
2"
'012 d) 41 2 3 2"
12
r2 r# dr d) 8 '0 "3 a2 r# b
$#
#
1
d)

57. V '0
'02 '04cr sin ) dz r dr d) '021 '02 a4r r# sin )b dr d) 8 '021 1 sin3 ) d) 161
58. V '0
'02 '04cr cos )cr sin ) dz r dr d) '021 '02 c4r r# (cos ) sin ))d dr d) 83 '021 (3 cos ) sin )) d) 161
21
21
59. The paraboloids intersect when 4x# 4y# 5 x# y# x# y# 1 and z 4

V 4 '0
12
'01 '4r5r
12
dz r dr d) 4 '0
'01 a5r 5r$ b dr d) 20 '012 r2
12
r4 d) 5'0
%
"
!
60. The paraboloid intersects the xy-plane when 9 x# y# 0 x# y# 9

V 4 '0
12
'13 '09r
dz r dr d) 4 '0
12
'13 a9r r$ b dr d) 4 '012 9r2
dz r dr d) 8 '0
'01 r a4 r# b"# dr d) 8 '021 "3 a4 r# b$# " d)
64 '0 d) 321
12
61. V 8 '0
21
4cr
'01 '0
'0
21
83
21
3$# 8 d)
12
r4 d) 4 '0 81
4
$
"
d)
17
4
51
#
d)
41 8 33
3
62. The sphere and paraboloid intersect when x# y# z# 2 and z x# y# z# z 2 0

(z 2)(z 1) 0 z 1 or z 2 z 1 since z 0. Thus, x# y# 1 and the volume is
given by the triple integral V 4 '0
12
4 '0 "3 a2 r# b
12
63. average
"
64. average
3
21
431
2r
12
dz r dr d) 4 '0
r4 d) 4 '0 2 3 2
$#
"
12
'021 '01 'c11
"
#1
'01 'r
r# dz dr d)
'021 '01 'c11ccrr
#
#
"
#1
7
12
d)
'01 r a2 r# b"# r$ dr d)
1 82 7
6
'021 '01 2r# dr d) 3"1 '021 d) 23
r# dz dr d)
3
41
'021 '01 2r# 1 r# dr d)
'021 8" sin" r 8" r1 r# a1 2r# b " d) 1631 '021 1# 0 d) 323 '021 d) 323 (21) 3161
!
65. average
"
431
'021 '01 '01 3$ sin 9 d3 d9 d) 1631 '021 '01 sin 9 d9 d) 831 '021 d) 43
66. average
"
231
'021 '012 '01 3$ cos 9 sin 9 d3 d9 d) 831 '021 '012
3
161
cos 9 sin 9 d9 d)
3
81
'021 sin2 9 1# d)
'021 d) 1631 (21) 38
67. M 4 '0
'01 '0r dz r dr d) 4 '012 '01 r# dr d) 43 '012 d) 231 ; Mxy '021 '01 '0r z dz r dr d)
21
1
21
M
"# '0 '0 r$ dr d) 18 '0 d) 14 z M 14 231 38 , and x y 0, by symmetry
12
xy
68. M '0
'02 '0r dz r dr d) '012 '02 r# dr d) 83 '012 d) 431 ; Myz '012 '02 '0r x dz r dr d)
12
12
12
12
2
2
r
2
'0 '0 r$ cos ) dr d) 4 '0 cos ) d) 4; Mxz '0 '0 '0 y dz r dr d) '0 '0 r$ sin ) dr d)
12
12
12
12
2
r
2
M
4 '0 sin ) d) 4; Mxy '0 '0 '0 z dz r dr d) "# '0 '0 r$ dr d) 2 '0 d) 1 x M
12
yz
Mxz
M
3
1
, and z
Mxy
M
3
4
3
1
977
978

; Mxy '0
21
81
3
69. M
4 '0 sin2 9
21
'1132 '02 z3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) '021 '1132 '02 3$ cos 9 sin 9 d3 d9 d) 4 '021 '1132
d) 4 '0 "# 38 d)
1#
21
1$
"
#
'021 d) 1
Mxy
M
(1) 831
3
8
cos 9 sin 9 d9 d)
, and x y 0,
by symmetry
70. M '0
'014 '0a 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) a3 '021 '014 sin 9 d9 d) a3 '021 2 #2 d) 1a 23 2 ;

14
14
21
a
21
21
a '
Mxy '0 '0 '0 3$ sin 9 cos 9 d3 d9 d) a4 '0 '0 sin 9 cos 9 d9 d) 16
d) 18a
0
21
Mxy
M
2
18a $ 3 3a
8 #
1a 2 2
%
3 22 a
16
, and x y 0, by symmetry
71. M '0
'04 '0 r dz r dr d) '021 '04 r$# dr d) 645 '021 d) 1285 1 ; Mxy '021 '04 '0 r z dz r dr d)
21
4
'021 d) 6431 z MM 65 , and x y 0, by symmetry
"# '0 '0 r# dr d) 32
3
21
xy
13
1r
13
13
72. M 'c13 '0 '1r# dz r dr d) '13 '0 2r1 r# dr d) '13 23 a1 r# b

1
$# "
d)
!
1r
13
1
23 'c13 d) 23 231 491 ; Myz '13 '0 '1r r# cos ) dz dr d) 2 '13 '0 r# 1 r# cos ) dr d)
13
13
13
2 'c13 18 sin" r "8 r1 r# a1 2r# b cos ) d)

"
Myz
M
9 3
32
1
8
'1133 cos ) d) 18 csin )d 1133 18 2 #3 18 3
, and y z 0, by symmetry
73. Iz '0
'12 '04 ax# y# b dz r dr d) 4 '021 '12 r$ dr d) '021 15 d) 301; M '021 '12 '04 dz r dr d)
21
2
21
I
'0 '1 4r dr d) '0 6 d) 121 Rz M
#5
21
74. (a) Iz '0
'01 'c11 r$ dz dr d) 2 '021 '01 r$ dr d) "# '021 d) 1

21
1
1
21
1
21
Ix '0 '0 'c1 ar# sin# ) z# b dz r dr d) 2 '0 '0 2r$ sin# ) 2r3 dr d) '0 sin# ) "3 d)
21
(b)
4)
sin 2)
8
#1
3) !
1
#
21
3
71
6
75. We orient the cone with its vertex at the origin and axis along the z-axis 9
which is through the vertex and parallel to the base of the cone Ix '0
21
'0
76. Iz '0
21
2 '0
'0a
21
77. Iz '0
21
21
. We use the the x-axis
'01 r$ sin# ) r% sin# ) 3r r3 dr d) '021 sin20 ) 10" d) 40) sin802) 10) #!1 #10 15 14
21
'0
1
4
'0 'r ar# sin# ) z# b dz r dr d)

1
2
15
a cr
#
'
ca# cr#
r$ dz dr d) '0
21
a& d)
81 a
15
'0a 2r$ a# r# dr d) 2 '021 r5
h
a
r&
5a !
2a#
#
15 aa
r# b
$# a
&
'0a ' h r ax# y# b dz r dr d) '021 '0a
h r4
d) '0 h a4
21
a&
5a
'
hr
a
d)
' h r$ dz dr d) '021 '0a

hr
a
ha%
20
'021 d) 110ha
hr$
hr%
a
dr d)
d)
!

78. (a) M '0
'01 '0r z dz r dr d) '021 '01 "# r& dr d) 12" '021 d) 16 ; Mxy '021 '01 '0r
21
1
21
" '
1
"3 '0 '0 r( dr d) 24
d) 12
z #" , and x y 0, by symmetry;
0
21
Iz '0
21
'01 '0r
(b) M '0
21
'01 '0r
zr$ dz dr d)
'021 '01
"
#
r# dz dr d) '0
21
r( dr d)
'021 d) 18
"
16
z# dz r dr d)
3
#
Iz
Rz M
'01 r% dr d) "5 '021 d) 215 ; Mxy '021 '01 '0r
zr# dz dr d)
'021 '01 r' dr d) 14" '021 d) 17 z 145 , and x y 0, by symmetry; Iz '021 '01 '0r
21
1
21
I
'0 '0 r' dr d) "7 '0 d) 271 Rz M
57
"
2
979
r% dz dr d)
79. (a) M '0
'01 'r 1 z dz r dr d) "# '021 '01 ar r$ b dr d) 8" '021 d) 14 ; Mxy '021 '01 'r 1 z# dz r dr d)
21
1
21
21
1
1
" '
3" '0 '0 ar r% b dr d) 10
d) 15 z 45 , and x y 0, by symmetry; Iz '0 '0 'r zr$ dz dr d)
0
21
1
21
I
1
" '
"# '0 '0 ar$ r& b dr d) 24
d) 12
Rz M
3"
0
21
(b) M '0
'01 'r 1 z# dz r dr d) 15 from part (a); Mxy '021 '01 'r 1 z$ dz r dr d) 4" '021 '01 ar r& b dr d)
21
21
1
1
21
1
" '
1
5
" ' '
# $
'
'
'
12
d
)
,
and
x
0,
by
symmetry;
I
z
r
dz
dr
d
)
ar$ r' b dr d)
z
6
6
3
0
0
0
r
0
0
21
I
5
" '
1
28
d) 14
Rz M
14
0
21
80. (a) M '0
'01 '0a 3% sin 9 d3 d9 d) a5 '021 '01 sin 9 d9 d) 2a5 '021 d) 415a ;

1
1
1
21
a
21
21
Iz '0 '0 '0 3' sin$ 9 d3 d9 d) a7 '0 '0 a1 cos# 9b sin 9 d9 d) a7 '0 cos 9 cos3 9 d)
21
&
&
&
'0
21
4a(
#1
8a( 1
21
d)
Rz
Iz
M
(b) M '0
10
21
'01 '0a 3$ sin# 9 d3 d9 d) a4 '021 '01 (1cos# 29) d9 d) 18a '021 d) 1 4a ;

1
1
21
a
21
Iz '0 '0 '0 3& sin% 9 d3 d9 d) a6 '0 '0 sin% 9 d9 d)
1
1
21
21
21
1
a6 '0 sin 49 cos 9 34 '0 sin# 9 d9 d) a8 '0 9# sin429 ! d) 116a '0 d)
21
# %
'
'
'
'
a' 1 #
8
81. M '0
21
Rz
'0a '0
h
a
a cr
#
Iz
M
a
2
dz r dr d) '0
21
'0a
ra# r# dr d)
h
a
a cr
'021 3" aa# r# b$# a d)
h
a
'0 3 d)
'0 '0 aa# r r$ b dr d)
; Mxy '0 '0 '0
z dz r dr d)
21
h '
2a
a# a4 d) a h4 1 z 1a4h 2ha3 1 38 h, and x y 0, by symmetry
0
21 $
a
h
a
21
2ha# 1
3
h
a
# #
21
h#
2a#
# #
82. Let the base radius of the cone be a and the height h, and place the cone's axis of symmetry along the z-axis
with the vertex at the origin. Then M
h#
#
'021 r2
a
r%
4a# !
d)
h#
#
'021 a#
1a# h
3
and Mxy '0
a#
4
d)
21
h # a#
8
'0a ' h r z dz r dr d) "# '021 '0a h# r ha
21
Mxy '0
'0a '0h (z 1) dz r dr d) '021 '0a
'021 d) h a4 1
# #
21
'0a '0h
z 1a
az# zb dz r dr d) '0
a2h$ 3h# b
1a# ah2# 2hb
6
21
h# h r dr d)
'0a
2h# 3h
3h 6
h3
h#
# r
r$ dr d)
Mxy
M
# #
h a4 1 1a3# h
x y 0, by symmetry the centroid is one fourth of the way from the base to the vertex
83. M '0
a# ah# 2hb
4
dr d)
'021 d) 1a ah# 2hb ;
a# a2h$ 3h# b
12
, and x y 0, by symmetry;
'021 d) 1a a2h6 3h b

#
3
4
h, and
980
Iz '0
21
'0a '0h
(z 1)r$ dz dr d) h
Iz
Rz M
1a
ah# 2hb
4
2
1a# ah# 2hb
2h
#
'021 '0a r$ dr d) h # 2h a4 '021 d) 1a ah4 2hb ;

#
a
2
84. The mass of the plant's atmosphere to an altitude h above the surface of the planet is the triple integral
M(h) '0
'01 'Rh .! ec3R 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 'Rh '021 '01 .! ec3R 3# sin 9 d9 d) d3

h
21
h
21
h
1
'R '0 .! ec3R 3# ( cos 9) ! d) d3 2 'R '0 .! ecR ec3 3# d) d3 41.! ecR 'R ec3 3# d3
21
# c3
41.! ecR 3 ec
# ch
41.! ecR h ec
23ec3
c#
ch
2he
c#
h
2ec3
c$ R
ch
2e
c$
(by parts)
# cR
R e
c
2RecR
c#
2ecR
c$ .
The mass of the planet's atmosphere is therefore M lim
h_
M(h) 41.! Rc
2R
c#
2
c$ .
85. The density distribution function is linear so it has the form $ (3) k3 C, where 3 is the distance from the
center of the planet. Now, $ (R) 0 kR C 0, and $ (3) k3 kR. It remains to determine the constant
k: M '0
21
'01 '0R (k3 kR) 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) '021 '01 k 34
1
21
'0 '0 k R4
R%
3
$ (3) 13M
3
R%
kR 33 sin 9 d9 d)
!
21
21
sin 9 d9 d) '0 1k# R% c cos 9d 1! d) '0 6k R% d) k13R
3M
1R%
R
R . At the center of the planet 3 0 $ (0) 13M
R%
3M
1R$
k 13M
R%
86. x2 y2 a2 a3 sin 9 cos )b2 a3 sin 9 sin )b2 a2 a32 sin2 9bacos2 ) sin2 )b a2 32 sin2 9 a2
3 sin 9 a or 3 sin 9 a 3 sin 9 a or 3 a csc 9, since 0 9 1 and 3 0.
87. (a) A plane perpendicular to the x-axis has the form x a in rectangular coordinates r cos ) a r
r a sec ), in cylindrical coordinates.
(b) A plane perpendicular to the y-axis has the form y b in rectangular coordinates r sin ) b r
r b csc ), in cylindrical coordinates.
88. ax by c aar cos )b bar sin )b c raa cos ) b sin )b c r
a
cos )
b
sin )
c
a cos ) b sin ) .
89. The equation r fazb implies that the point ar, ), zb

afazb, ), zb will lie on the surface for all ). In particular
afazb, ) 1, zb lies on the surface whenever afazb, ), zb does
the surface is symmetric with respect to the z-axis.
90. The equation 3 fa9b implies that the point a3, 9, )b afa9b, 9, )b lies on the surface for all ). In particular, if
afa9b, 9, )b lies on the surface, then afa9b, 9, ) 1b lies on the surface, so the surface is symmetric wiith respect to the
z-axis.
15.7 SUBSTITUTIONS IN MULTIPLE INTEGRALS
1. (a) x y u and 2x y v 3x u v and y x u x
` (xy)
` (uv)
"
3
23
"
3
"
3
"
9
2
9
"
3
"
3
(u v) and y
"
3
(2u v);

(b) The line segment y x from (! 0) to (1 1) is x y 0
u 0; the line segment y 2x from (0 0) to
(1 2) is 2x y 0 v 0; the line segment x 1
from (1 1) to (" 2) is (x y) (2x y) 3
u v 3. The transformed region is sketched at the
right.
2. (a) x 2y u and x y v 3y u v and x v y y
` (xy)
` (uv)
"
3
1
3
2
3
"3
"
9
2
9
"
3
(u v) and x
"
3
(u 2v);
3"
(b) The triangular region in the xy-plane has vertices (0 0),

(2 0), and 23 23 . The line segment y x from (0 0)
to 23 23 is x y 0 v 0; the line segment
y 0 from (0 0) to (# 0) u v; the line segment
x 2y 2 from 23 23 to (2 0) u 2. The
transformed region is sketched at the right.
3. (a) 3x 2y u and x 4y v 5x 2u v and y
` (xy)
` (uv)
2
5
1
10
15
3
10
6
50
1
50
"
#
(u 3x) x
"
5
(2u v) and y
"
10
"
10
(b) The x-axis y 0 u 3v; the y-axis x 0

v 2u; the line x y 1
"
"5 (2u v) 10
(3v u) 1
2(2u v) (3v u) 10 3u v 10. The
transformed region is sketched at the right.
4. (a) 2x 3y u and x y v x u 3v and y v x x u 3v and y u 2v;

" 3
` (xy)
` (uv) 1 2 2 3 1
(b) The line x 3 u 3v 3 or u 3v 3;
x 0 u 3v 0; y x v 0; y x 1
v 1. The transformed region is the parallelogram
sketched at the right.
5.
'04 'yy221 x y# dx dy '04 x2
"
#
'0 (y 1 y) dy '0 dy
4
"
#
xy 2
# y
"
dy
"
#
(4) 2
"
#
'04 y# 1# y# # y# 1 y y# y dy
(3v u);
981
982
6.
' ' a2x# xy y# b dx dy ' ' (x y)(2x y) dx dy

R
y)
' ' uv `` (x
(uv) du dv
' ' uv du dv;
"
3
We find the boundaries of G from the boundaries of R,

shown in the accompanying figure:
xy-equations for
Corresponding uv-equations
Simplified
for the boundary of G
uv-equations
the boundary of R
y 2x 4
"
3
(2u v) (u v) 4
v4
y 2x 7
"
3
(2u v) 23 (u v) 7
v7
yx2
"
3
u2
yx1
"
3
7.
2
3
(2u v)
1
3
(u v) 2
(2u v)
1
3
(u v) 1
u 1
' ' uv du dv 3" ' ' uv dv du 3" ' u v2# du

c1 4
c1
2
"
3
11
#
'c21 u du 11# u2 #
#
"
11
4 (4 1)
33
4
' ' a3x# 14xy 8y# b dx dy

R
' ' (3x 2y)(x 4y) dx dy

R
y)
' ' uv `` (x
(uv) du dv
"
10
' ' uv du dv;

G
We find the boundaries of G from the boundaries of R,

shown in the accompanying figure:
xy-equations for
the boundary of R
Simplified
uv-equations
3
#
y x1
"
10
(3v u)
(2u v) 1
u2
y #3 x 3
"
10
3
(3v u) 10
(2u v) 3
u6
"
4
y x
"
10
(3v u)
v0
y "4 x 1
"
10
1
(3v u) 20
(2u v) 1
8.
"
10
' ' uv du dv
"
10
3
10
1
20
(2u v)
v4
'26 '04 uv dv du 10" '26 u v2 % du 45 '26 u du 45 u2 ' 54 (18 2) 645

#
' ' 2(x y) dx dy ' ' 2v `` (x(uy)v) du dv ' ' 2v du dv; the region G is sketched in Exercise 4
R
3c3v
"
' ' 2v du dv '0 'c3v 2v du dv '0 2v(3 3v 3v) dv '0 6v dv c3v# d ! 3
1
9. x
u
v
v" uv#
v" u v" u 2u
v ;
v
u
v 1, and y 4x v 2; xy 1 u 1, and xy 9 u 3; thus
and y uv
y x uv
u
v
y
x
v# and xy u# ;
` (xy)
` (uv)
J(u v)
' ' yx xy dx dy ' ' (v u) 2uv dv du ' ' 2u 2uv # dv du ' c2uv 2u# ln vd #" du
1
1
1
1
1
3
'1 a2u 2u# ln 2b du u# 23 u# ln 2 " 8 23 (26)(ln 2) 8

3
52
3
(ln 2)

` (xy)
` (uv)
10. (a)
J(u v)
" 0
u, and
v u
the region G is sketched at the right
(b) x 1 u 1, and x 2 u 2; y 1 uv 1 v "u , and y 2 uv 2 v
'1 '1
2
3
#
y
x
dy dx '1
'1u uvu u dv du '1 '1u uv dv du '1

2u
1u
du '1 u u2#
"
2u#
; thus,
du
` (xy)
` (uv)
u v2
21
12.
2u
I! ' ' ax# y# b dA '0
'12 u u" du 3# cln ud #" 3# ln 2; '12 '12 yx dy dx '12 x1 y2 2 dx 3# '12 dxx 3# cln xd #" 3# ln 2
11. x ar cos ) and y ar sin )
ab
4
2u
2
u
` (xy)
` (r))
J(r ))
ar sin )
abr cos# ) abr sin# ) abr;
br cos )
'01 r# aa# cos# ) b# sin# )b kJ(r ))k dr d) '021 '01 abr$ aa# cos# ) b# sin# )b dr d)
'021 aa# cos# ) b# sin# )b d) ab4 a2) a

#
J(u v)
a cos )
b sin )
sin 2)
4
b# )
2
21
b# sin 2)
4
!
ab1 aa# b# b
4
1cu#
1
a 0
ab; A ' ' dy dx ' ' ab du dv 'c1 'c1cu# ab dv du
0 b
R
G
2ab 'c1 1u# du 2ab u2 1 u#

1
"
#
sin" u
"
"
ab csin" 1 sin" (1)d ab 1# 1# ab1
13. The region of integration R in the xy-plane is

sketched in the figure at the right. The
boundaries of the image G are obtained as
follows, with G sketched at the right:
xy-equations for
Simplified
uv-equations
the boundary of R
xy
"
3
(u 2v)
x 2 2y
"
3
(u 2v) 2 23 (u v)
y0
Also, from Exercise 2,
` (xy)
` (uv)
1
3
1
3
(u v)
(u v)
J(u v) "3
v0
u2
vu
'023 'y22y (x 2y) eyx dx dy '02 '0u uev 3" dv du
"
3
'02 u cecv d !u du 3" '02 u a1 ecu b du 3" u au ecu b u#
"
3
a3ec2 1b 0.4687
ecu
!
"
3
c2 a2 ec2 b 2 ec2 1d
983
984
14. x u
` (xy)
` (uv)
v
#
and y v 2x y (2u v) v 2u and
" "#
v
1; next, u x #
0 "
and v y, so the boundaries of the region of
J(u v)
x
y
#
integration R in the xy-plane are transformed to the

boundaries of G:
xy-equations for
Simplified
uv-equations
u0
the boundary of R
x
x
u
y
#
y
#
2
u
y0
2
u2
v0
v2
"
4
v
#
v
#
v0
y2
'0
v
#
v
#
'y2
y22
ae
16
v2
y$ (2x y) e2xy dx dy '0
% #
1b v4
!
'0
v$ (2u) e4u du dv '0 v$ 4" e4u dv

2
#
!
"
4
'02 v$ ae16 1b dv
e 1
16
15. (a) x u cos v and y u sin v
` (xy)
` (uv)
cos v u sin v
u cos# v u sin# v u
sin v
u cos v
(b) x u sin v and y u cos v
` (xy)
` (uv)
sin v
u cos v
u sin# v u cos# v u
cos v u sin v
cos v u sin v 0
z)
u cos v 0 u cos# v u sin# v u
sin v
16. (a) x u cos v, y u sin v, z w ``(u(xvyw)
0
"
0
2 0 0
z)
(b) x 2u 1, y 3v 4, z "# (w 4) ``(u(xvyw)
0 3 0 (2)(3) #" 3
0 0 "#
sin 9 cos )
17. sin 9 sin )
cos 9
(cos 9)
3 cos 9 cos )
3 cos 9 sin )
3 sin 9
3 cos 9 cos )
3 cos 9 sin )
3 sin 9 sin )
3 sin 9 cos )
3 sin 9 sin )
sin 9 cos )
(3 sin 9)
3 sin 9 cos )
sin 9 sin )
3 sin 9 sin )
3 sin 9 cos )
a3# cos 9b asin 9 cos 9 cos# ) sin 9 cos 9 sin# )b a3# sin 9b asin# 9 cos# ) sin# 9 sin# )b
3# sin 9 cos# 9 3# sin$ 9 a3# sin 9b acos# 9 sin# 9b 3# sin 9
18. Let u g(x) J(x)
du
dx
gw (x) 'a f(u) du 'g(a) f(g(x))gw (x) dx in accordance with Theorem 6 in

b
g(b)
Section 5.6. Note that gw (x) represents the Jacobian of the transformation u g(x) or x g" (u).
19.
'03 '04 'y12 y2 2x # y 3z dx dy dz '03 '04 x2
'0 (y 4 1)
3
y#
4
%
yz
3 !
dz '0 94
3
4z
3
xy
#
"y2
xz
3 y2
"4 dz '0 2
3
dy dz '0
4z
3
'04 "# (y 1) y# 3z dy dz
dz 2z
$
2z#
3 !
12
a 0 0
#
#
#
20. J(u v w) 0 b 0 abc; the transformation takes the ellipsoid region xa# yb# zc# 1 in xyz-space
0 0 c
into the spherical region u# v# w# 1 in uvw-space which has volume V 43 1
Chapter 15 Practice Exercises

V ' ' ' dx dy dz ' ' ' abc du dv dw
R
985
41abc
3
a 0 0
21. J(u v w) 0 b 0 abc; for R and G as in Exercise 19, ' ' ' kxyzk dx dy dz
R
0 0 c
' ' ' a# b# c# uvw dw dv du 8a# b# c#
G
4a# b# c#
3
'012 '012
'012 '012 '01 (3 sin 9 cos ))(3 sin 9 sin ))(3 cos 9) a3# sin 9b d3 d9 d)
a # b # c#
3
sin ) cos ) sin$ 9 cos 9 d9 d)
'012 sin ) cos ) d) a b6 c
# # #
22. u x, v xy, and w 3z x u, y vu , and z "3 w J(u v w) uv#
0
"
u
0
0
"
"
3u
' ' ' ax# y 3xyzb dx dy dz ' ' ' u# vu 3u vu w3 kJ(u v w)k du dv dw "3 ' ' ' v vw
du dv dw
u
0
0
1
3
"
3
'0 '0 (v vw ln 2) dv dw 3" '03 (1 w ln 2) v2 # dw 32 '03 (1 w ln 2) dw 32 w w2
2
3
3
9
#
ln 2
$
!
ln 2 2 3 ln 2 2 ln 8
23. The first moment about the xy-coordinate plane for the semi-ellipsoid,
x#
a#
y#
b#
z#
c#
1 using the
transformation in Exercise 21 is, Mxy ' ' ' z dz dy dx ' ' ' cw kJ(u v w)k du dv dw
D
abc#
' ' ' w du dv dw aabc# b aMxy of the hemisphere x# y# z# 1, z 0b

G
the mass of the semi-ellipsoid is
2abc1
3
3
z abc4 1 2abc
1
3
8
abc# 1
4
24. A solid of revolutions is symmetric about the axis of revolution, therefore, the height of the solid is solely a function of r.
That is, y faxb farb. Using cylindrical coordinates with x r cos ), y y and z r sin ), we have
V ' ' ' r dy d) dr 'a
G
'021 '0farb
r dy d) dr 'a
'021 c r y df0arb d) dr 'ab '021 r farb d) dr 'ab c r)farb d021 dr
'a 21rfarbdr. In the last integral, r is a dummy or stand-in variable and as such it can be replaced by any variable name.
b
Choosing x instead of r we have V 'a 21xfaxbdx, which is the same result obtained using the shell method.
b
CHAPTER 15 PRACTICE EXERCISES

1.
'110 '01yyexy dx dy '110 cexy d !"y dy

10
'1 (e 1) dy 9e 9
986
'01 '0x eyx dy dx '01 x eyx !x

$
2.
dx
'0 xex x dx "2 ex

1
3.
"
x#
# !
'032 '994t4t
32
t ds dt '0
#
#
9 4t
ctsd # dt
9 4t
'0 2t9 4t# dt "6 a9 4t# b

32
"
6
0$# 9$#
4.
27
6
"
#
dy
'01 y 4 4y y y dy
'0 2y 2y$# dy y#
1
'c02 '2x4 cb x4
5.
$# $#
9
#
'01 '2cy y xy dx dy '01 y x2 2cy
e2
#
"
4y&#
5 !
"
5
dy dx 'c2 ax# 2xb dx

0
x3 x#
#
83 4
4
3
'04 'c(y c4 c4)/2y dx dy '04 y c2 4 b 4 c y dy

4
y2 2y 23 a4 yb3/2 4 8
0
4
6.
16
3
2
3
43/2
4
3
'01 'yy x dx dy '01 23 x$# yy dy
2
3
2
3
'01 y$% y$# dy 23 47 y(% 25 y&# "!

47 25
4
35
'01 'xx x dy dx '01 x1/2 ax x2 b dx '01 x3/2 x5/2 dx

2
25 x5/2 27 x7/2 0
7.
9 x
'c33 '012
2
5
2
7
y dy dx 'c3 y2
3
'c3 "8 a9 x# b dx 9x
8
3
27
8
27
24
'032 '994y4y
#
4
35
27
8
27
24
32
12 9 x#
dx
$
x$
24 $
27
6
9
#
y dx dy '0 2y9c4y# dy
"4 23 a9c4y# b3/2
3/2
"
6
93/2
27
6
9
#
'02 '04 x 2x dy dx '02 c2xyd 04 x dx

2
2
'0 a2xa4 x2 bb dx '0 a8x 2x3 b dx
2
8.
x4
2 !
4x2
4 c y
'04 '0
16
16
2
4 c y
2x dx dy '0 cx2 d 0
4
'0 a4 yb dy 4y
4
dy
y2
2
16
16
2
9.
'01 '2y2 4 cos ax# b dx dy '02 '0x/2 4 cos ax# b dy dx '02 2x cos ax# b dx csin ax# bd #! sin 4
10.
'02 'y12 ex
11.
'08 '2x
y%
12.
'01 '1y
21 sin a1x# b
x#
dx dy '0
"
1
'02x ex
dy dx '0
'0y
"
y% 1
dx dy '0
4 c x#
dy dx '0 2xex dx cex d ! e 1
dx dy
'02 y 4y 1 dy ln417

$
"
4
'0x 21 sinx a1x b dy dx '01 21x sin a1x# b dx c cos a1x# bd "! (1) (1) 2
$
13. A 'c2 '2x b 4 dy dx 'c2 ax# 2xb dx

0
15. V '0
"
14. A '1
4
3
'x2 c x ax# y# b dy dx '01 x# y y3 2cx dx '01 2x# (23x)

$
"
12
23
7
12
6 c x#
16. V 'c3 'x

2
"
6 c x#
dx 'c3 a6x# x% x$ b dx
2
xy dy dx '0 xy2 dx '0

1
"
1 c x
1
4
'01
7x$
3
dx 2x3
(2x)%
12
37
6
"
7x%
12 !
'01 '0
xy dy dx
4
1
'01 xy2
#
x
2
dx
1 c x
125
4
"
4
dx
2
1
'01 ax x$ b dx #"1
'22x dy dx '12 2 2x dx 2 ln 4; My '12 '22x x dy dx '12 x 2 2x dx 1;
Mx '1
'22x
y dy dx '1 2
2
2y c y#
2
x#
dx 1 x y
20. M '0 'c2y dx dy '0 a4y y# b dy

4
2y c y
32
3
# #
"
# ln 4
2y c y#
; Mx '0 'c2y y dx dy '0 a4y# y$ b dy 4y3
y
My '0 'c2y x dx dy '0 a2y#y b 2y# dy 10

2
dx dy '1 y 2 y dy
4
3
2
18. average value

2
x# dy dx 'c3 cx# yd x
1
19. M '1
2%
12
17. average value '0
21. Io '0
'2cyy
&
%
y%
2 !
128
5 x
My
M
12
5 and y
%
y%
4 !
Mx
M
'2x4 ax# y# b (3) dy dx 3 '02 4x# 643 14x3 dx 104

$
'c22 'c11 ax# y# b dy dx 'c22 2x# 23 dx 403

a
b
a
'b'a
Ix 'ca 'cb y# dy dx 'ca 2b3 dx 4ab
3 ; Iy cb ca
22. (a) Io
(b)
4ab
3
4a b
3
4ab ab a b
3
x# dx dy 'cb
b
2a$
3
dy
4a$ b
3
Io Ix Iy
64
3
987
988
23. M $ '0
'02x3 dy dx $ '03 2x3 dx 3$ ; Ix $ '03 '02x3 y# dy dx 818$ '03 x$ dx 818$ 34 2$

%
24. M '0
Rx 32
"3
'xx (x 1) dy dx '01 ax x$ b dx "4 ; Mx '01 'xx y(x 1) dy dx #" '01 ax$ x& x# x% b dx 120
;
1
x
1
1
x
2
8
13
My '0 'x x(x 1) dy dx '0 ax# x% b dx 15
x 15
and y 30
; Ix '0 'x y# (x 1) dy dx
1
I
17
' 1' x #
'1 $ &
"3 '0 ax% x( x$ x' b dx 280
Rx M
17
70 ; Iy 0 x x (x 1) dy dx 0 ax x b dx
1
Iy
M
Ry
1
12
13
25. M 'c1 'c1 x# y# "3 dy dx 'c1 2x# 43 dx 4; Mx 'c1 'c1 y x# y# "3 dy dx 'c1 0 dx 0;
1
1
1
My ' ' x x# y# 3" dy dx ' 2x$ 43 x dx 0
1
c1 c1
c1
26. Place the ?ABC with its vertices at A(0 0), B(b 0) and C(a h). The line through the points A and C is
y
h
a
x; the line through the points C and B is y
b$ '0 1 yh dy
h
27.
'11 '11xx
28.
'c11 'c11ccyy
2
a1 x # y # b
"
#
; Ix '0
dy dx '0
21
(x b). Thus, M '0
'ayah byh b $ dx dy
'ayah byh b y# $ dx dy b$ '0h y# yh dy $1bh#

$
'01
2r
a1 r # b#
ln ax# y# 1b dx dy '0
21
#
#
$ bh
#
h
ab
"
dr d) '0 1 " r# ! d)
21
'01 r ln ar# 1b dr d) '021 '12
"
#
"
#
Ix
; Rx M
h
6
'021 d) 1
ln u du d)
"
#
'021 cu ln u ud #" d)
'021 (2 ln 2 1) d) [ln (4) 1] 1

13
29. M 'c13 '0 r dr d)

3
9
#
'1133 d) 31; My '1133 '03 r# cos ) dr d) 9 '1133 cos ) d) 93
3 3
1
and y 0 by symmetry
30. M '0
12
13
31
'13 r dr d) 4 '012 d) 21; My '012 '13
26
3
'012 cos ) d) 263
by symmetry
31. (a) M 2 '0
12
'11cos ) r dr d)
'0 2 cos )
12
12
1cos )
My 'c12 '1
d)
81
4
(r cos )) r dr d)
12
32 151
24
(b)
1 cos 2)
#
'c12 cos# ) cos$ )
r# cos ) dr d)
151 32
61 48
cos% )
3
d)
, and
y 0 by symmetry
32. (a) M 'c! '0 r dr d) 'c!
d) a# !; My 'c! '0 (r cos )) r dr d) 'c!

!
2a sin !
x 2a 3sin
0
! , and y 0 by symmetry; lim c x lim c
3!
!
a#
#
!1
!1
a$ cos )
3
d)
2a$ sin !
3
13
31
, and

(b) x
and y 0
2a
51
14
cos 2)
33. ax# y# b ax# y# b 0 r% r# cos 2) 0 r# cos 2) so the integral is 'c14 '0

#
14
'c14 2 a1 " r# b
"
#
14
"
y # b#
'0 "#
13
"
#
dx dy '0
13
"
# a1 sec# )b
"2 tan"
''
"
y # b#
a1 x #
'0
35.
14
"
" '
"
'1144 1 1 cos
2) d) # 14 1 # cos ) d)
#
a1 x #
(b)
d) "#
dr d)
'c14 1 sec# ) d) "# ) tan2 ) 1144 14 2
''
34. (a)
cos 2)
r
a1 r # b #
12
lim
b_
u
2
$
!
d)
2
4
dx dy '0
12
"#
'0sec )
dr d) '0
13
r
a1 r# b#
'013 1 secsec) ) d);

#
"
#
2 a1 " r# b
sec )
d)
u tan )
du sec# ) d)
"
#
'0
du
2 u #
tan" 3#
'0_
"
# a1 b# b d)
dr d) '0
12
r
a1 r# b#
'0
12
"
#
d)
lim
b_
2 a1 " r# b d)
0
1
4
'01 '01 '01 cos (x y z) dx dy dz '01 '01 [sin (z y 1) sin (z y)] dy dz

1
'0 [ cos (z 21) cos (z 1) cos z cos (z 1)] dz 0
36.
'lnln67 '0ln 2 'lnln45 exyz dz dy dx 'lnln67 '0ln 2 exy dy dx 'lnln67 ex dx 1
37.
'01 '0x '0xby (2x y z) dz dy dx '01 '0x 3x#
38.
'1e '1x '0z 2yz dy dz dx '1e '1x "z dz dx '1e ln x dx cx ln x xd 1e 1
3y#
#
dy dx '0 3x#
1
x'
#
dx
8
35
39. V 2 '0
12
40. V 4 '0
'0cos y '02x dz dx dy 2 '012 '0cos y

4cx
'0
x a4 x# b
41. average
"
3
'04cx
$#
dz dy dx 4 '0
4cx
'0
12
2x dx dy 2 '0 cos# y dy 2 y2
a4 x# b dy dx 4 '0 a4 x# b
2
$#
12
sin 2y
4 !
1
#
dx
6x4 x# 24 sin" x2 24 sin" 1 121
'01 '03 '01
30xzx# y dz dy dx
"
3
'01 '03 15xx# y dy dx 3" '03 '01 15xx# y dx dy
"
3
'03 5 ax# yb$# " dy "3 '03 5(1 y)$# 5y$# dy 3" 2(1 y)&# 2y&# $! 3" 2(4)&# 2(3)&# 2
"
3
2 31 3&#
989
990
42. average
43. (a)
'021 '01 '0a
3
4 1 a$
3$ sin 9 d3 d9 d)
'021 '01 sin 9 d9 d) 83a1 '021 d) 3a4
3a
161
'c22 'c22ccyy 'x4bcyx cy 3 dz dx dy

#
(b)
'0 '0 '0
(c)
'021 '0 2 'r
21
14
4cr
33# sin 9 d3 d9 d)
3 dz r dr d) 3 '0
21
'0
r a4 r# b
"#
r# dr d) 3 '0 "3 a4 r# b
21
$#
r3
'0 2$# 2$# 4$# d) 8 42'0 d) 21 8 42

21
21
'c1122 '01 'rr
12
44. (a)
'c1122 '01 'rr
45. (a)
(b)
46. (a)
(c)
(d)
47.
d)
21(r cos ))(r sin ))# dz r dr d) '12 '0 'r# 21r$ cos ) sin# ) dz r dr d)
12
(b)
21r$ cos ) sin# ) dz r dr d) 84 '0
r#
'01 r' sin# ) cos ) dr d) 12'012 sin# ) cos ) d) 4
'021 '014 '0sec 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d)

'021 '014 '0sec 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 3" '021 '014 (sec 9)(sec 9 tan 9) d9 d) 3" '021 2" tan# 9 !14 d) 6" '021 d) 13
12
1
r
'01 '0 1cx '0 x y (6 4y) dz dy dx
(b) '0 '0 '0 (6 4r sin )) dz r dr d)
'012 '1142 '0csc 9 (6 43 sin 9 sin )) a3# sin 9b d3 d9 d)
#
'012 '01 '0r (6 4r sin )) dz r dr d) '012 '01 a6r# 4r$ sin )b dr d) '012 c2r$ r% sin )d "! d)
12
1#
'0 (2 sin )) d) c2) cos )d ! 1 1
3 3cx
4cx cy
'01 '13ccxx '1

#
z# yx dz dy dx '1
'0
4cx cy
'1
z# yx dz dy dx
48. (a) Bounded on the top and bottom by the sphere x# y# z# 4, on the right by the right circular
cylinder (x 1)# y# 1, on the left by the plane y 0
(b)
'012 '02 cos ) '44rr dz r dr d)

#
49. (a) V '0
21
8cr
'02 '2
dz r dr d) '0
21
'02 r8 r# 2r dr d) '021 "3 a8 r# b$# r# # d)

!
'0 "3 (4)$# 4 3" (8)$# d) '0

21
21
(b) V '0
21
50. Iz '0
32
5
2 3 28 d)
'0 '2 sec 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 83 '0 '0

14
21
14
4
3
42 5 '0 d)
22 sin 9 sec$ 9 sin 9 d9 d)
8
3
'021 '014 22 sin 9 tan 9 sec# 9 d9 d) 83 '021 22 cos 9 "# tan# 9 1% d)
8
3
'0
21
4
3
21
21
2
"
#
22 d)
8
3
'0
21
5 #4
d)
81 42 5
3
'013 '02 (3 sin 9)# a3# sin 9b d3 d9 d) '021 '013 '02 3% sin$ 9 d3 d9 d)
'021 '013 asin 9 cos# 9 sin 9b d9 d) 325 '021 cos 9 cos3 9 1$ d) 831
$
81 42 5
3
Chapter 15 Additional and Advanced Exercises

51. With the centers of the spheres at the origin, Iz '0
21
'01 'ab $ (3 sin 9)# a3# sin 9b d3 d9 d)
'021 '01 sin$ 9 d9 d) $ ab 5 a b '021 '01 asin 9 cos# 9 sin 9b d9 d)

1
21
21
$ ab 5 a b '0 cos 9 cos3 9 d) 4$ ab15 a b '0 d) 81$ ab15 a b
$ ab & a & b
5
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
&
'01 '01ccos ) (3 sin 9)# a3# sin 9b d3 d9 d) '021 '01 '01ccos ) 3% sin$ 9 d3 d9 d)
1
1
21
21
"5 '0 '0 (1 cos 9)& sin$ 9 d9 d) '0 '0 (1 cos 9)' (1 cos 9) sin 9 d9 d);
52. Iz '0
21
u 1 cos 9
du sin 9 d9
"
5
'021 2 562
$
&
d)
32
35
"
5
'021 '02 u' (2 u) du d) 5" '021 2u7
#
u)
8 !
d)
"
5
'021 7" 8" 2) d)
'021 d) 64351
53. x u y and y v x u v and y v

" "
J(u v)
1; the boundary of the
0 "
image G is obtained from the boundary of R as
follows:
xy-equations for
Simplified
the boundary of R
uv-equations
yx
y0
vuv
u0
v0
_ _
'0 '0 esx f(x y y) dy dx '0 '0

x
v0
esuv f(u v) du dv
$s "t
!$ "#
54. If s !x " y and t # x $ y where (!$ "# )# ac b# , then x

and J(s t)
"
ac b#
"
(!$ "# )#
$
#
'021 '0_ rer
"
dr d)
"
!$ "#
"
#ac b#
_ _
'c_
'_ e as t b
'021 d)
1
ac b#
"
ac b#
,y
ds dt
1
ac b#
. Therefore,
# s !t
!$ "#
1 ac b# 1# .
CHAPTER 15 ADDITIONAL AND ADVANCED EXERCISES

6cx#
1. (a) V 'c3 'x

2
6cx#
(c) V 'c3 'x

2
6cx#
(b) V 'c3 'x

2
x# dy dx
6cx#
x# dy dx 'c3 'x
2
a6x# x% x$ b dx 2x$
x&
5
'0x
dz dy dx
#
x%
4 $
125
4
2. Place the sphere's center at the origin with the surface of the water at z 3. Then
9 25 x# y# x# y# 16 is the projection of the volume of water onto the xy-plane
991
992

V '0
21
'04 'cc325cr
dz r dr d) '0
21
'04 r25 r# 3r dr d) '021 "3 a25 r# b$# 3# r# % d)
21
21
'0 "3 (9)$# 24 3" (25)$# d) '0
3. Using cylindrical coordinates, V '0
21
'0 1
21
4. V 4 '0
12
"
3
cos )
'01 'r
2r
4 '0 3"
12
"
4
"
3
sin ) d) )
12
2 2
3
d) 8
d)
521
3
'01 '02crcos ) sin ) dz r dr d) '021 '01 a2r r# cos ) r# sin )b dr d)
dz r dr d) 4 '0
26
3
"
3
sin )
#1
"
3
cos ) ! 21
'01 r2 r# r$ dr d) 4'012 "3 a2 r# b$# r4 " d)

%
'
12
2 7
0
3
1 82 7
d)
5. The surfaces intersect when 3 x# y# 2x# 2y# x# y# 1. Thus the volume is

V 4 '0
1 c x
'0
6. V 8 '0
12
64
3
'2x3cx2ycy
#
12
dz dy dx 4 '0
'01 '2r3r
#
12
dz r dr d) 4 '0
'01 a3r 3r$ b dr d) 3'012 d) 31#
'012 '02 sin 9 3# sin 9 d3 d9 d) 643 '012 '012 sin% 9 d9 d)
'012 sin 94cos 9 1# 43 '012 sin# 9 d9 d) 16 '012 92 sin429 1! # d) 41 '012 d) 21#

$
7. (a) The radius of the hole is 1, and the

radius of the sphere is 2.
(b) V 2 '0
21
8. V '0
4cz
'0 3 '1
9cr
'03 sin ) '0
r dr dz d) '0
21
dz r dr d) '0
'0 "3 a9 9 sin# )b

1
$#
'0
a3 z# b dz d) 23 '0 d) 431
21
'03 sin ) r9 r# dr d) '01 "3 a9 r# b$# 3 sin ) d)
3" (9)$# d) 9'0 1 a1 sin# )b

1
'0 a1 cos ) sin# ) cos )b d) 9 ) sin )

1
9. The surfaces intersect when x# y#

coordinates is V 4 '0
12
"
#
'0
12
10. V '0
12
15
4
'0
d)
'0 'r
1
r# 12
#
x# y# 1
#
1
sin$ )
3 !
$#
d) 9'0 a1 cos$ )b d)
1
91
x# y# 1. Thus the volume in cylindrical
dz r dr d) 4 '0
12
'01 #r r# dr d) 4'012 r4
$
1
4
'12 '0r sin ) cos ) dz r dr d) '012 '12 r$ sin ) cos ) dr d) '012 r4 # sin ) cos ) d)
12
sin ) cos ) d)
15
4
1#
#
sin2 )
!
"
15
8
"
r8 d)
!

11.
'0_ e
ax
ebx
x
dx '0
'ab exy dy dx 'ab '0_ exy dx dy 'ab
'a lim e y dy 'a lim "y

xy
t_
t_
eyt
y
dy 'a
"
y
lim
t_
'0t exy dx dy
dy cln yd ab ln ba
12. (a) The region of integration is sketched at the right

'0
a sin "
'0
"
'y cota "c y

#
ln ax# y# b dx dy
'0a r ln ar# b dr d);
u r#
du 2r dr
"
#
'0" '0a ln u du d)
#
'0" [u ln u u] !a d)
"
"# '0 2a# ln a a# lim
"
#
(b)
13.
'0
a cos "
'0
t ln t d)
a#
#
ln ax y b dy dx 'a cos " '0
t0
(tan ")x
a cx
'0" (2 ln a 1) d) a# " ln a "#

#
ln ax# y# b dy dx
'0x '0u emxt f(t) dt du '0x 't x emxt f(t) du dt '0x (x t)emxt f(t) dt; also
'0x '0v '0u emxt f(t) dt du dv '0x 't x 't v emxt f(t) du dv dt '0x 't x (v t)emxt f(t) dv dt
x
x
x
'0 "2 (v t)# emxt f(t) t dt '0 (x # t) emxt f(t) dt
#
14.
'01 f(x) '0x g(xy)f(y) dy dx '01 '0x

'0
g(xy)f(x)f(y) dy dx
'y1 g(xy)f(x)f(y) dx dy '01 f(y) 'y1 g(xy)f(x) dx dy;
'01 '01 g akxykb f(x)f(y) dx dy '01 '0x g(xy)f(x)f(y) dy dx '01 'x1 g(yx)f(x)f(y) dy dx
1
1
1
1
'0 'y g(xy)f(x)f(y) dx dy '0 'x g(yx)f(x)f(y) dy dx
'0
'y1 g(xy)f(x)f(y) dx dy '01 'y1 g(xy)f(y)f(x) dx dy
simply interchange x and y

variable names
2'0
'y1 g(xy)f(x)f(y) dx dy, and the statement now follows.
15. Io (a) '0 '0

a
a#
4
"
1#
xa#
ax# y# b dy dx '0 x# y
a# ; Iwo (a)
"
#
xa#
y$
3 !
a 6" a$ 0 a%
dx '0 xa#
"
3
a % 3"
x$
3a'
"
%
value of a does provide a minimum for the polar moment of inertia Io (a).
16. Io '0
'2x4 ax# y# b (3) dy dx 3 '02 4x# 14x3
64
3
dx 104
x
dx 4a
#
x%
12a' !
. Since Iwwo (a)
"
#
#" a% 0, the
993
994
17. M 'c) 'b sec ) r dr d)

)
'c a#
)
b#
#
sec# ) d)
a# ) b# tan ) a# cos" ba b#
a# b#
a# cos" ba ba# b# ; Io 'c) 'b sec ) r$ dr d)

)
'c aa% b% sec% )b d)

"4 'c ca% b% a1 tan# )b asec# )bd d)
)
"
4
)
b% tan$ )
3
)
"
4
%
$
a% )
b% tan )
)
b tan
#
#
6
" %
" $ #
" b
a
# a cos
a # b
a% ) b% tan )
2 y# 2
b# 6" b$ aa# b# b
18. M 'c2 '1cay#4b dx dy '2 1

2
'c2 x2
2
19.
3
16
2c y# 2
1 ay# 4b
32
64
3
y#
4
3 328
16
15
32
5
#
y$
12 #
dy y
3
dy 'c2 32
a4 y# b dy
48
15
$#
8
3
'c22 a16 8y# y% b dy 163 16y 8y3
3
32
My
M
38
48
15
6
5
# #
# #
# #
"
ab
# #
#
y&
5 !
# #
# #
# #
1
"
#ab
# #
ea b 1
# #
ea b 1
y)
'yy 'xx ``F(x
' y ` F(xy) x
x ` y dx dy y ` y
"
# #
, and y 0 by symmetry
'0a '0b emax ab x a y b dy dx '0a '0bxa eb x dy dx '0b '0ayb ea y dx dy

a
b
a
b
"
"
'0 ba x eb x dx '0 ba y ea y dy 2ab
eb x 2ba
ea y #"ab eb a
# #
20.
2 y# 2
; My '2 '1ay#4b x dx dy
"
"
" y)
dy 'y ` F(x

`y
y"
"
x!
` F(x! y)
`y
dx cF(x" y) F(x! y)d yy!"
F(x" y" ) F(x! y" ) F(x" y! ) F(x! y! )

21. (a) (i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Fubini's Theorem
Treating G(y) as a constant
Algebraic rearrangement
The definite integral is a constant number
(b)
'0ln 2 '012 ex cos y dy dx '0ln 2 ex dx '012 cos y dy aeln 2 e0 b sin 1# sin 0 (1)(1) 1
(c)
'12 'c11 yx
dx dy '1
"
y#
dy 'c1 x dx y" x2

#
"
"
"
#" 1 #" #" 0
22. (a) f xi yj Du f u" x u# y; the area of the region of integration is

average 2'0
2 u" x2
(b) average
"
area
_ _
23. (a) I# '0

"#
'0
'012
x$
3
1cx
'0
(u" x u# y) dy dx 2 '0 u" x(1 x) "# u# (1 x)# dx
"# u#
"
(1x)$
3 !
' ' (u" x u# y) dA

R
12
e x y dx dy '0
#
lim
b_
"
#
(b) > "# '0 t"# et dt '0 ay# b
u"
area
"
3
(u" u# )
M
u# ' '
' ' x dA area
y dA u" My u# MMx u" x u# y
'0_ aer b r dr d) '012
aeb 1b d)
#
2 6" u" 6" u#
"
#
'012 d) 14
"# y#
lim
b_
'0b rer
dr d)
1
#
(2y) dy 2 '0 ey dy 2

#
1
#
1, where y t

24. Q '0
21
'0R kr# (1 sin )) dr d) kR3 '021 (1 sin )) d) kR3

$
25. For a height h in the bowl the volume of water is V
'chh 'chhccxx ah x# y# b dy dx '021 '0

#
c) cos )d #!1
'chh 'chhccxx 'xhby

#
dz dy dx
ah r# b r dr d) '0 hr2 r4
21
21kR$
3
d) '0
21
h#
4
d)
h# 1
#
Since the top of the bowl has area 101, then we calibrate the bowl by comparing it to a right circular cylinder
h# 1
#
whose cross sectional area is 101 from z 0 to z 10. If such a cylinder contains
to a depth w then we have 101w
rain, w 3 and h 60.
h# 1
#
h#
20
cubic inches of water

. So for 1 inch of rain, w 1 and h 20; for 3 inches of
26. (a) An equation for the satellite dish in standard position

is z "# x# "# y# . Since the axis is tilted 30, a unit
vector v 0i aj bk normal to the plane of the
3
#
#3
water level satisfies b v k cos 16

a 1 b# "# v "# j
"# (y 1)
z
"
3
3
#
y #"
z "# 0
"
3
is an equation of the plane of the water level. Therefore

the volume of water is V ' '
R
x# y# 23 y 1
and "
2
3
2
3
1
2
1
2
V ' '
c
23 yb1c 23 cy#
y; y 1
dz
dy
y# and
dz
dy
"#
23 yb1c 23 cy#
"
"
#
1
2
0. When x 0, then y ! or y " , where !
49 4 2 1
(b) x 0 z
' x byby c dz dy dx, where R is the interior of the ellipse
' bb c
1
"#
1
2
x#
1
2
1
2
2
3
49 4 2 1
3
1
3
1 dz dx dy
y#
1 the tangent line has slope 1 or a 45 slant
at 45 and thereafter, the dish will not hold water.

27. The cylinder is given by x# y# 1 from z 1 to _
'0
21
'0 '1
1
z
ar# z# b&#
'0 '0 '

21
dz r dr d) a lim
_
' ' ' z ar# z# b&# dV

D
rz
1 ar# z# b&#
dz dr d)
a lim
_
'021 '01 "3
a lim
_
'021 "3 ar# a# b"# 3" ar# 1b"# " d) a lim

' 21 3" a1 a# b"# 3" 2"# 3" aa# b"# 3" d)
_ 0
a lim
21 "3 a1 a# b
_
ar# z# b$# 1
"#
3"
dr d) a lim
_
2
#
'021 '01 3"
r
ar# a# b$#
3" "a 3" 21 3" 3"
3"
ar# 1b$#
2
# .
28. Let's see?

The length of the "unit" line segment is: L 2'0 dx 2.
1
The area of the unit circle is: A 4'0
1 c x
'0
The volume of the unit sphere is: V 8'0
dy dx 1.
1 c x
'0
1 c x c y
'0
dz dy dx 43 1.
Therefore, the hypervolume of the unit 4-sphere should be:

Vhyper 16'0
1cx
'0
1cx cy
'0
1cx cy cz
'0
dw dz dy dx.
Mathematica is able to handle this integral, but we'll use the brute force approach.
dr d)
995
996
Vhyper 16'0
1cx
16'0
'0
16'0
'0
16'0
'0
1cx
1cx
1cx
'0
1cx cy
'0
1cx cy
'0
1cx cy cz
'0
dw dz dy dx 16'0
z2
1 c x2 c y2 1 c
1 c x2 c y2
dz dy dx
1cx
'0
1cx cy
'0
1 c x 2 c y2 c z2
cos )
1cx
'0
a1 x2 y2 b'1/2 sin2 ) d) dy dx
0
3/2
x2 y2 b dy dx 41'0 1 x2 x2 1 x2 3" a1 x2 b dx
1
1 x3
$
dx 83 1' a1 x2 b3/2 dx
0
1
0
x cos )
83 1'1/2 sin4 ) d)
dx sin ) d)
2 ) 2
83 1'1/2 1 cos
d) 23 1'1/2 a1 2 cos 2) cos2 2)bd) 23 1'1/2 3# 2 cos 2)
2
0
dz dy dx
dz 1 x2 y2 sin ) d)
1
4 a1
z
1 x2 y2
a1 x2 y2 b'1/2 1 cos2 ) sin ) d) dy dx 16'0
41'0 1 x2 a1 x2 b
1
cos 4)
d)
2
12
2

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968

Chapter 15 Multiple Integrals

15.5 MASSES AND MOMENTS IN THREE DIMENSIONS

1. Ix 'c2 'b2 'a2 ay# z# b dx dy dz a 'c2 'b2 ay# z# b dy dz a 'c2 y3 yz#

'3 '2 8y3

Iz 'c3 'c2 'c43

ax# y# b dz dy dx '3 '2 ax# y# b 83

dy dx 12 '3 ax# 2b dx 360

'0 x(1 x y) dy dx "# '0 ax$ 2x# xb dx 24"

'01cx '01cxcy dz dy dx '01 '01cx (1 x y) dy dx '01 x#

'0c ay# z# b dz dy dx '0a '0b cy# c3 dy dx '0a cb3

' ' '

ab# c# b where M abc; Iy

'c3 'c2 (4 812y)

is the top of the wedge Ix '3 '2 '43

0.4472; the distance from the centroid to the x-axis is 0#

Ix 4 '0 '0 '4y ay# z# b dz dy dx 4 '0 '0 4y# 64

'01 '4y4 ax# y# b dz dy dx 16 '01 '01 ax# x# y# y# y% b dy dx

6. (a) M 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

x dz dy dx '2 '4x#2 x(2 x) dy dx '2 x(2 x) 4 x# dx 21;

y dz dy dx '2 '4x#2 y(2 x) dy dx

Mxz 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

Myz 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

dz dy dx '2 '4x#2 (2 x) dy dx '2 (2 x) 4 x# dx 41;

Section 15.5 Masses and Moments in Three Dimensions

(b) Mxy 'c2 'c4cx#2 '0

'x4y dz dy dx 4 '012 '02 'r 4 r dz dr d) 4 '012 '02 a4r r$ b dr d) 4 '012 4 d) 81;

'0 'r zr dz dr d) '0 '0

'0 c 'r c r dz dr d) '021 '0

Iz 'c1 '3 'c1 ax# y# b dz dy dx 2 'c1 '3 ax# y# b dy dx 2 'c1 2x# 98

9. The plane y 2z 2 is the top of the wedge IL 'c2 'c2 'c1

'c2 'c2 (y 6)#(4 y)

13. (a) M '0

Chapter 15 Multiple Integrals

14. (a) M '0

(b) Myz '0

'02 a16x# 8x% x' b dx 256k

'02 a4x# x% b dx 32k

'02 a4x$ x& b dx 8k3

'02 4x&# x*# dx

15. (a) M '0

'01 '01 (x y z 1) dz dy dx '01 '01 x y 3# dy dx '01 (x 2) dx 5#

Mxy Myz Mxz

'01 '01 ax# y# b (x y z 1) dz dy dx '01 '01 ax# y# b x y 3# dy dx

'0 x$ 2x# "3 x 34 dx

16. The plane y 2z 2 is the top of the wedge.

(a) M 'c1 'c2 'c1

Mxz 'c1 'c2 'c1

Mxy 'c1 'c2 'c1

(c) Ix 'c1 'c2 'c1

Iy 'c1 'c2 'c1

Iz 'c1 'c2 'c1

(b) Myz 'c1 'c2 'c1

x(x 1) dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 x(x 1) 2 y# dy dx 6;

y(x 1) dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 y(x 1) 2 y# dy dx 0;

(x 1) ay# z# b dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2y#

(x 1) ax# z# b dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2x#

(x 1) ax# y# b dz dy dx 'c1 'c2 (x 1) 2 y# ax# y# b dy dx 42

18. M 'c2 'c4cx# '2 ax#by#b

x# y# dz dy dx ' ' # x# y# c16 4 ax# y# bd dy dx

'02 r a4 r# b r dr d) 4 '021 4r3

'01 '01 (x y z 1)gz dz dy dx

Section 15.5 Masses and Moments in Three Dimensions

'x4y dz dy dx 4 '012 '02 'r 4 r dz dr d) 4 '012 '02 a4r r$ b dr d) 4 '012 4 d) 81;

'021 '0)21 '0324r

'c1122 '11cos ) '04