HISBA - Publication - 2009 Household Income Malaysia

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA
DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS,MALAYSIA
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA,

(DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA)
BLOK C6, KOMPLEKS C,
PUSAT PENTADBIRAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN,
62514 PUTRAJAYA,
MALAYSIA.
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN
PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH
DAN
KEMUDAHAN ASAS
BOLEH DIPEROLEH DARI :
OBTAINABLE FROM :
HARGA :
PRICE :
HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND BASIC AMENITIES SURVEY REPORT
: 03-8885 7000
: 03-8888 9248
: jpbkkp@stats.gov.my
: http://www.statistics.gov.my
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH DAN KEMUDAHAN ASAS
Tel
Faks/Fax
E-mel/Email
Laman Web/
Homepage
2009
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
AND
BASIC AMENITIES SURVEY REPORT
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN
PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH
DAN
KEMUDAHAN ASAS
MALAYSIA
: 03-8885 7000
: 03-8888 9248
: jpbkkp@stats.gov.my
: http://www.statistics.gov.my
2009
Diterbitkan dan dicetak oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia

Published and printed by Department Of Statistics, Malaysia
Tel
Faks/Fax
E-mel/Email
Laman Web/
Homepage
2009
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA,

(DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA)
BLOK C6, KOMPLEKS C,
PUSAT PENTADBIRAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN,
62514 PUTRAJAYA,
MALAYSIA.
BOLEH DIPEROLEH DARI :

OBTAINABLE FROM :
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH DAN KEMUDAHAN ASAS
HARGA : RM 20.00
PRICE :
MALAYSIA
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
AND
BASIC AMENITIES SURVEY REPORT
2009
ISSN 2232-1012
Diterbitkan dan dicetak oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia

Published and printed by Department Of Statistics, Malaysia
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS,MALAYSIA
772232 101008
LAPORAN PENYIASATAN PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH

DAN KEMUDAHAN ASAS
2009
KATA PENGANTAR
Laporan Penyiasatan Pendapatan Isi Rumah dan Kemudahan Asas (PPIR/KA) 2009
merupakan julung kali
diterbitkan
oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. Objektif utama
laporan ini adalah untuk menerbitkan perangkaan berkaitan dengan taburan pendapatan isi
rumah, maklumat kemudahan asas dan insiden kemiskinan di Malaysia. Dapatan daripada
penyiasatan
ini
digunakan
oleh
pihak
kerajaan
dalam
penggubalan
rancangan
pembangunan Malaysia. Penyelidik individu dan swasta juga menggunakan maklumat

dalam laporan ini sebagai input kepada kajian mereka.
Nota teknikal berkaitan dengan objektif, skop dan liputan serta konsep dan definisi turut
dimuatkan dalam laporan ini bagi memudahkan pemahaman pengguna mengenai
penyiasatan ini. Maklumat pendapatan dalam penyiasatan ini dikumpul berdasarkan kepada
garis panduan A Provisional Framework for Household Income, Consumption, Saving
and Wealth (1995) yang diterbitkan oleh Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) dan juga
garis panduan Final Report and Recommendations of the Expert Group on the
Household Income Statistics (The Canberra Group 2001) dan Report II - Household
Income and Expenditure Statistics (International Labour Organization, 2003).
Saya ingin mengambil kesempatan ini merakamkan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan kepada

semua isi rumah terpilih yang telah memberikan sokongan dan kerjasama dalam
menjayakan penyiasatan ini. Sebarang cadangan untuk menambah baik laporan ini pada
masa hadapan amatlah dihargai.
DR. HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN BIN HASAN

Ketua Perangkawan Malaysia
Januari 2012
PREFACE
The Household Income and Basic Amenities Survey (HIS/BA) 2009 report is released for the
first time by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia. The main objective of this report is to
publish statistics relating to household income distribution, basic amenities and the incidence
of poverty in Malaysia. Findings from the survey are used by the government for the
Malaysia development plan.
Individuals and private sectors researchers are
also use the
information published in this report as an input for their research.
Technical notes related to the objectives, scope and coverage together with concepts and
definitions are included in this report to facilitate users understanding of the survey. The
information on income gathered in the survey is based on the guidelines from A
Provisional Framework for Household Income, Consumption, Saving and Wealth
(1995) published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) as well as the guidelines from
the Final Report and Recommendations of the Expert Group on the Household
Income Statistics (The Canberra Group 2001) and Report II Household Income and
Expenditure Statistics (International Labour Organization, 2003).
I would like to take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation to all selected
households for their support and co-operation in making this survey a success. Any
suggestion towards improving future reports would be greatly appreciated.
DR. HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN BIN HASAN

Chief Statistician, Malaysia
January 2012
ii
KANDUNGAN
CONTENTS
Muka surat
Page
Kata pengantar
Preface
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Penemuan ringkas
Summary findings
Jadual pendapatan isi rumah

Tables of household income
Jadual insiden kemiskinan

Tables of incidence of poverty
25
Jadual kemudahan asas (am)

Tables of basic amenities (general)
27
Jadual kemudahan asas (isi rumah miskin)

Tables of basic amenities (poor household)
51
Jadual ralat piawai

Tables of standard error
75
Nota teknikal
Technical notes
77
iii
SENARAI JADUAL
LIST OF TABLES
Jadual
Table
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Muka surat
Page
PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH/HOUSEHOLD INCOME
1.1
Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata, penengah dan kadar pertumbuhan

tahunan purata mengikut negeri, Malaysia, 2007 dan 2009
Mean, median and average annual growth rate of monthly household income
by state, Malaysia, 2007 and 2009
1.2
Pendapatan isi rumah per kapita bulanan purata dan penengah mengikut
negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Mean and median of monthly per capita household income by state, Malaysia,
2009
10
1.3
Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata dan penengah bagi kumpulan isi
rumah tertinggi 20%, pertengahan 40% dan terendah 40% mengikut
kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Mean and median monthly household income of top 20%, middle 40% and
bottom 40% of households by ethnic group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
11
1.4
Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata mengikut jantina, kumpulan etnik

ketua isi rumah dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Mean monthly household income by sex, ethnic group of head of household
and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
12
1.5
Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas

pendapatan isi rumah bulanan dan kumpulan etnik, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of household and income share by monthly household
income class and ethnic group, Malaysia, 2009
13
1.6
Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas

pendapatan isi rumah bulanan, kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of household and income share by monthly household
income class, ethnic group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
14
1.7
Agihan pendapatan bagi kumpulan isi rumah terendah 10% hingga 90%,
purata, penengah dan koefisien Gini mengikut kumpulan etnik, Malaysia,
2009
Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean,
median and Gini coefficient by ethnic group, Malaysia, 2009
16
1.8
purata, penengah dan koefisien Gini mengikut kumpulan etnik dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009
Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean,
median and Gini coefficient by ethnic group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
17
Jadual
Table
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Muka surat
Page
1.9
purata dan penengah mengikut pekerjaan ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean and
median by occupation of head of household, Malaysia, 2009
19
1.10
purata dan penengah mengikut industri ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean and
median by industry of head of household, Malaysia, 2009
21
INSIDEN KEMISKINAN/INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
2.1
Insiden kemiskinan mengikut kumpulan etnik ketua isi rumah dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009
Incidence of poverty by ethnic group of head of household and stratum,
Malaysia, 2009
25
2.2
Insiden kemiskinan mengikut negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009

Incidence of poverty by state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
25
2.3
Insiden kemiskinan mengikut jantina dan kumpulan etnik ketua isi rumah,
Malaysia, 2009
Incidence of poverty by sex and ethnic group of head of household, Malaysia,
2009
26
2.4
Insiden kemiskinan mengikut kumpulan umur ketua isi rumah, Malaysia,

2009
Incidence of poverty by age group of head of household, Malaysia, 2009
26
2.5
Insiden kemiskinan mengikut saiz isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009

Incidence of poverty by household size, Malaysia, 2009
26
3.1
KEMUDAHAN ASAS (AM)

BASIC AMENITIES (GENERAL)
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis pemilikan rumah, negeri dan
strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by type of ownership of housing unit,
state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
vi
27
Jadual
Table
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Muka surat
Page
3.2
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut keadaan rumah yang diduduki,

negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by condition of occupied housing unit,
28
3.3
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis bahan binaan dinding luar
rumah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by type of outer wall building materials,
29
3.4
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis bekalan air, negeri dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by type of water supply, state and
stratum, Malaysia, 2009
30
3.5
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut kemudahan bekalan elektrik, negeri

dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by accessibility to electricity supply,
31
3.6
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis kemudahan tandas yang

digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by type of toilet used, state and stratum,
Malaysia, 2009
32
3.7
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman
ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta, negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by distance from living quarters to the
nearest public and private health centres, state, Malaysia, 2009
33
3.8
ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
nearest public and private health centres, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
34
3.9
ke sekolah rendah dan sekolah menengah kerajaan, negeri, Malaysia,
2009
nearest government primary and secondary school, state, Malaysia, 2009
36
vii
Jadual
Table
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Muka surat
Page
3.10
ke sekolah rendah dan sekolah menengah kerajaan, negeri dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009
nearest government primary and secondary school, state and stratum,
Malaysia, 2009
37
3.11
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut bilangan bilik tidur, negeri dan
Percentage distribution of households by number of bedrooms, state and
39
3.12
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut kemudahan kutipan sampah, negeri

Percentage distribution of households by garbage collection facility, state and
41
3.13
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri,

Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009
42
3.14
Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri

Percentage distribution of households by items used, state and stratum,
Malaysia, 2009
45
KEMUDAHAN ASAS (ISI RUMAH MISKIN)

BASIC AMENITIES (POOR HOUSEHOLD)
4.1
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis pemilikan rumah,

Percentage distribution of poor households by type of ownership of housing
unit, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
51
4.2
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut keadaan unit perumahan

yang diduduki, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of poor households by condition of occupied housing
unit, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
52
viii
Jadual
Table
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Muka surat
Page
4.3
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis bahan binaan dinding
luar rumah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of poor households by type of outer wall building
materials, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
53
4.4
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis bekalan air, negeri dan
Percentage distribution of poor households by type of water supply, state and
54
4.5
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut kemudahan bekalan elektrik,

Percentage distribution of poor households by accessibility to electricity supply,
55
4.6
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis kemudahan tandas

yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of poor households by type of toilet used, state and
56
4.7
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat
kediaman ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta, negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Percentage distribution of poor households by distance from living quarters to
the nearest public and private health centres, state, Malaysia, 2009
57
4.8
kediaman ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta, negeri dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009
the nearest public and private health centres, state and stratum, Malaysia,
2009
58
4.9
kediaman ke sekolah rendah dan sekolah menengah kerajaan, negeri,
Malaysia, 2009
the nearest government primary and secondary school, state, Malaysia, 2009
60
4.10
kediaman ke sekolah rendah dan sekolah menengah kerajaan, negeri dan
the nearest government primary and secondary school, state and stratum,
Malaysia, 2009
61
ix
Jadual
Table
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Muka surat
Page
4.11
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut bilangan bilik tidur, negeri
Percentage distribution of poor households by number of bedrooms, state and
63
4.12
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut kemudahan kutipan sampah,

Percentage distribution of poor households by garbage collection facility, state
65
4.13
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan,

Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state, Malaysia,
2009
66
4.14
Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan,

Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state and stratum,
Malaysia, 2009
69
RALAT PIAWAI/STANDARD ERROR
Ralat piawai bagi anggaran pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata

mengikut kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Standard error of estimates for mean monthly household income by ethnic
group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
75
PENEMUAN RINGKAS
PENEMUAN RINGKAS
1.0
PENDAHULUAN
Laporan ini membentangkan perangkaan pendapatan isi rumah berdasarkan hasil
Penyiasatan Pendapatan Isi Rumah/Kemudahan Asas (PPIR/KA) yang dijalankan
pada tahun 2009. Maklumat yang diterbitkan termasuk purata, penengah pendapatan
isi rumah, peratus bilangan isi rumah mengikut kelas pendapatan dan maklumat
berkaitan kadar kemiskinan isi rumah di Malaysia.
2.0
PURATA DAN PENENGAH PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH, 19952009

Purata pendapatan isi rumah di Malaysia pada tahun 2009 ialah RM4,025 sebulan
iaitu meningkat sebanyak 9.2 peratus berbanding RM3,686 pada tahun 2007. Kadar
pertumbuhan tahunan tertinggi dicatatkan pada tahun 2007 iaitu 6.5 peratus
manakala kadar terendah adalah pada tahun 1999 iaitu -0.6 peratus (Carta 1).
Carta 1: Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata, penengah dan kadar

pertumbuhan tahunan, Malaysia, 19952009
RM
5,000
20
Purata
Penengah
4,500
18
4,000
13.6
Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan penengah
3,500
1,500
14
3,250
2,606
2,000
16
3,686
3,011
11.9
3,000
2,500
4,025
Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan purata
8.6
2,020
8.5
1,377
2,841
10
2,211
1,724
1,704
2,049
6.8
7.4
8
5.5
6.3
1,000
12
2,552
2,472
4.0
6.5
2.6
4.5
4.0
500
6
4
2
-0.6
0
0
1995
1997
1999
2002
-500
3.0
2004
2007
2009
Tahun
-2
PERATUS ISI RUMAH MENGIKUT KELAS PENDAPATAN, 2004 - 2009

Isi rumah yang berpendapatan RM5,000 dan ke atas meningkat daripada 16.8
peratus pada 2004 kepada 24.2 peratus pada 2009. Manakala isi rumah yang
berpendapatan di bawah RM2,500 pula menurun iaitu 56.2 peratus pada 2004
kepada 44.2 peratus pada 2009. (Carta 2).
PENEMUAN RINGKAS
Carta 2: Peratus isi rumah mengikut kelas pendapatan, Malaysia, 20042009
% Isi Rumah
30
25
2009, = RM4,025
2007, = RM3,686
20
2004, = RM3,250
15
10
Kelas Pendapatan (RM)
4.0
PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH BULANAN PURATA DAN PENENGAH

MENGIKUT NEGERI, MALAYSIA, 2009
W.P. Putrajaya mencatatkan purata pendapatan isi rumah yang tertinggi sebanyak
RM6,747 sebulan diikuti oleh Selangor (RM5,962) dan W.P. Kuala Lumpur
(RM5,488). Tiga negeri mencatatkan purata pendapatan isi rumah yang melebihi
RM4,000 sebulan iaitu Melaka (RM4,184), Pulau Pinang (RM4,407) dan W.P.
Labuan (RM4,407). Negeri yang mencatatkan purata pendapatan isi rumah yang
terendah adalah Kelantan (RM2,536), Perlis (RM2,617) dan Kedah (RM2,667).
Penengah pendapatan isi rumah tertinggi ialah W.P. Putrajaya (RM5,450) diikuti
oleh W.P. Kuala Lumpur (RM4,409) dan Selangor (RM4,306). Tiga negeri
mencatatkan nilai penengah purata pendapatan di bawah RM2,000 sebulan iaitu
Kedah (RM1,966), Perlis (RM1,832) dan Kelantan (RM1,713) (Carta 3).
PENEMUAN RINGKAS
Carta 3: Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata dan penengah mengikut negeri,
Malaysia, 2009
RM
8,000
Purata
7,000
6,747
Penengah
5,962
6,000
5,488
5,000
4,407
4,184
4,000
4,407
3,498 3,581
3,540
3,200
3,005
2,958
2,667
2,536
2,711
2,809
2,479
3,017
2,394
2,096
1,832
1,713
3,102
2,617
2,094
1,966
2,000
4,409
4,306
3,835
3,279
3,000
5,450
2,066
1,000
0
5.0
KOEFISIEN GINI BAGI PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH BULANAN, MALAYSIA,

19952009
Koefisien Gini (G) ialah ukuran pemusatan pendapatan berdasarkan Keluk Lorenz.
Keluk ini didapati dengan memplot peratus isi rumah kumulatif pada paksi X dan
peratus jumlah pendapatan kumulatif yang diterima oleh isi rumah pada paksi Y. Nilai
koefisien Gini berada antara 0 dan 1, di mana 0 menunjukkan agihan pendapatan
yang saksama, manakala nilai 1 menunjukkan agihan pendapatan yang paling tidak
saksama. Nilai koefisien Gini bagi pendapatan isi rumah di Malaysia pada tahun
2009 adalah 0.441 berbanding 0.440 pada tahun 2007. Dalam tempoh 19952009
nilai tertinggi koefisien Gini dicatatkan pada tahun 2002 (0.461) manakala nilai
terendah adalah pada tahun 2007 (0.440) (Carta 4).
PENEMUAN RINGKAS
Carta 4: Koefisien Gini bagi pendapatan isi rumah bulanan, Malaysia,

19952009
Koefisien Gini
0.465
0.461
0.459
0.460
0.460
0.456
0.455
0.450
0.445
0.441
0.443
0.440
0.440
0.435
1995
1997
1999
2002
2004
2007
2009
Tahun
6.0
INSIDEN KEMISKINAN DI MALAYSIA, 19952009

Insiden kemiskinan di Malaysia menunjukkan trend yang menurun sejak tahun 1995.
Kadar kemiskinan yang dicatatkan pada tahun 1995 adalah 8.7 peratus berbanding
3.8 peratus pada tahun 2009. Pada tahun 1999, kadar kemiskinan melonjak kepada
8.5 peratus berbanding 6.1 peratus pada tahun 1997. Kadar kemiskinan tegar
menurun pada tempoh 20022009 daripada 1.0 peratus kepada 0.7 peratus
(Carta 5).
Carta 5: Insiden kemiskinan, Malaysia, 19952009

%
12
Miskin
10
8
Miskin Tegar
8.7
8.5
6
6.1
6.0
5.7
4
3.6
3.8
2
2.0
1.4
1.9
0
1995
1997
1999
1.0
1.2
0.7
0.7
2002
2004
2007
2009
Tahun
SUMMARY FINDINGS
SUMMARY FINDINGS
1.0
INTRODUCTION
This report presents statistics on household income based on the Household Income
/Basic Amenities Survey (HIS/BA) conducted in 2009.The information published
included mean, median of the household income, percentage of the number of
households by income class and information related to incidence of poverty in
Malaysia.
2.0
MEAN AND MEDIAN OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME, 19952009

The mean household income for Malaysia was recorded at RM4,025 per month in
2009, an increase of 9.2 per cent as compared to RM3,686 in 2007. The highest
annual growth was recorded in 2007 at 6.5 per cent while the lowest was recorded in
1999 (-0.6 per cent) (Chart 1).
Chart 1: Mean, median and annual growth rate of monthly household income,
Malaysia, 19952009
RM
5,000
20
Mean
Median
4,500
18
4,025
Average annual growth rate

4,000
13.6
3,500
1,500
3,011
11.9
2,606
2,000
14
3,250
3,000
2,500
16
3,686
Median annual growth rate
8.6
2,020
8.5
1,377
2,841
10
2,211
1,724
1,704
2,049
6.8
7.4
8
5.5
6.3
1,000
12
2,552
2,472
4.0
6.5
6
4
2.6
4.5
4.0
500
-0.6
0
0
1995
1997
1999
2002
-500
3.0
2004
2007
Year
2009
-2
PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD BY INCOME CLASS, 20042009

The percentage of households in the income class of RM5,000 and above shows an
increased from 16.8 per cent to 24.2 per cent in the year of 2009 as compared in
2004. Meanwhile, the percentage of households in the income class of below
RM2,500 decreased to 44.2 per cent in 2009 as compared to 56.2 per cent in 2004
(Chart 2).
5
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Chart 2: Percentage of household by income class, Malaysia, 20042009

% Household
30
25
2009, = RM4,025
2007, = RM3,686
20
2004, = RM3,250
15
10
Income Class (RM)
4.0
MEAN AND MEDIAN MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD INCOME BY STATE,

MALAYSIA, 2009
W.P. Putrajaya recorded the highest average household income amounting to
RM6,747 per month followed by Selangor (RM5,962) and W.P. Kuala Lumpur
(RM5,488). Three states recorded the average monthly household income of above
RM4,000 per month that is Melaka (RM4,184), Pulau Pinang (RM4,407) and W.P.
Labuan (RM4,407). The states which recorded the lowest average monthly
household income were Kelantan (RM2,536), Perlis (RM2,617) and Kedah
(RM2,667).
The highest median of monthly household income was W.P. Putrajaya (RM5,450)
followed by W.P. Kuala Lumpur (RM4,409) and Selangor (RM4,306). Three states
that recorded the median of monthly household income of below RM2,000 were
Kedah (RM1,966), Perlis (RM1,832) and Kelantan (RM1,713) (Chart 3).
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Chart 3: Mean and median of monthly household income by state, Malaysia,

2009
RM
8,000
Mean
7,000
6,747
Median
5,962
6,000
5,488
5,000
4,407
4,184
4,000
4,407
3,498 3,581
3,540
3,005
2,958
2,667
2,536
2,711
3,200
2,809
2,479
3,017
3,102
2,617
2,394
2,096
2,094
1,966
2,000
4,409
4,306
3,835
3,279
3,000
5,450
2,066
1,832
1,713
1,000
0
5.0
GINI COEFICIENT OF THE MONTHLY HOUSEHOLD INCOME, MALAYSIA,

19952009
The Gini coefficient (G) is a measure of income concentration derived from the
Lorenz Curve. The curve is obtained by plotting the cumulative per cent of
households on the X axis against the cumulative per cent of the aggregate income
received by these households on the Y axis. The value of the Gini coefficient ranges
from 0 to 1 where 0 denotes complete equality of income share and 1 represents
total inequality of income share. The Gini coefficient of household income for 2009 in
Malaysia was 0.441 as compared to 0.440 in 2007. During the period of 19952009
the highest Gini coefficient was recorded in 2002 (0.461) while the lowest was
recorded in 2007 (0.440) (Chart 4).
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Chart 4: Gini coefficient of monthly household income, Malaysia, 19952009
Gini coefficient
0.465
0.461
0.459
0.460
0.460
0.456
0.455
0.450
0.445
0.441
0.443
0.440
0.440
0.435
1995
1997
1999
2002
2004
2007
2009
Year
6.0
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY IN MALAYSIA, 19952009

The incidence of poverty in Malaysia showed a declining trend since 1995. The
poverty rate recorded in 1995 was 8.7 per cent as compared to 3.8 per cent in 2009.
In 1999, the poverty rate leaped to 8.5 per cent as compared to 6.1 per cent in 1997.
The hard core poverty rate showed a decline for the period of 20022009 from 1.0
per cent to 0.7 per cent (Chart 5).
Chart 5: Incidence of poverty, Malaysia, 19952009
%
12
Poor
10
Hard-core poor
8.7
8.5
6
6.1
6.0
5.7
4
3.6
3.8
2
2.0
1.4
1.9
0
1995
1997
1999
1.0
1.2
0.7
0.7
2002
2004
2007
2009
Year
JADUAL PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH

TABLES OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Jadual 1.1: Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata, penengah dan kadar pertumbuhan tahunan purata mengikut negeri, Malaysia,
2007 dan 2009
Table 1.1: Mean, median and annual growth rate of monthly household income by state, Malaysia, 2007 and 2009
Purata/Mean
Negeri
State
Penengah/Median
Kadar pertumbuhan
Kadar pertumbuhan
tahunan purata
tahunan purata
Average annual
(RM)
2007
Average annual
growth rate
2009
2007 2009, (%)
(RM)
2007
growth rate
2009
2007 2009, (%)
Malaysia
3,686
4,025
4.5
2,552
2,841
5.5
Johor
3,457
3,835
5.3
2,726
2,958
4.2
Kedah
2,408
2,667
5.2
1,756
1,966
5.8
Kelantan
2,143
2,536
8.8
1,510
1,713
6.5
Melaka
3,421
4,184
10.6
2,717
3,005
5.2
Negeri Sembilan
3,336
3,540
3.0
2,556
2,711
3.0
Pahang
2,995
3,279
4.6
2,235
2,479
5.3
Perak
2,545
2,809
5.1
1,905
2,094
4.8
Perlis
2,541
2,617
1.5
1,746
1,832
2.4
Pulau Pinang
4,004
4,407
4.9
2,902
3,200
5.0
Selangor
5,580
5,962
3.4
4,046
4,306
3.2
Terengganu
2,463
3,017
10.7
1,796
2,096
8.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
5,322
5,488
1.5
3,697
4,409
9.2
W.P. Putrajaya
5,294
6,747
12.9
4,288
5,450
12.7
Sabah
2,837
3,102
4.6
1,889
2,066
4.6
W.P. Labuan
3,726
4,407
8.8
2,777
3,498
12.2
Sarawak
3,349
3,581
3.4
2,250
2,394
3.2
Jadual 1.2: Pendapatan isi rumah per kapita bulanan purata dan penengah mengikut negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.2: Mean and median of monthly per capita household income by state, Malaysia, 2009
Negeri
Purata (RM)
Penengah (RM)
State
Mean (RM)
Median (RM)
Malaysia
1,168
777
Johor
1,100
808
Kedah
762
529
Kelantan
641
419
Melaka
1,169
865
Negeri Sembilan
1,020
784
Pahang
960
707
Perak
836
621
Perlis
752
515
Pulau Pinang
1,322
933
Selangor
1,714
1,172
783
508
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
1,933
1,403
W.P. Putrajaya
2,161
1,743
833
492
1,297
874
974
618
Terengganu
Sabah
W.P. Labuan
Sarawak
10
Jadual 1.3: Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata dan penengah bagi kumpulan isi rumah tertinggi 20%, pertengahan 40%
r
dan terendah 40% mengikut kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.3: Mean and median monthly household income of top 20%, middle 40% and bottom 40% of households by ethnic group
(RM)
Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Jumlah/Total
Purata
Mean
Penengah
Median
Bumiputera
Purata
Mean
Cina/Chinese
Penengah
Median
Purata
Mean
Penengah
Median
India/Indians
Purata
Mean
Penengah
Median
Lain-lain/Others
Purata
Mean
Penengah
Median
JUMLAH
TOTAL
Tertinggi 20%
Top
9,987
8,009
8,976
7,227
12,152
9,766
9,774
7,980
10,123
7,656
Pertengahan 40%
Middle
3,631
3,497
3,272
3,138
4,560
4,376
3,569
3,475
2,875
2,613
Terendah 40%
Bottom
1,440
1,440
1,300
1,305
1,897
1,907
1,547
1,539
1,187
1,192
11,348
9,067
10,656
8,522
12,590
10,056
10,346
8,589
13,346
10,386
Pertengahan 40%
Middle
4,296
4,147
4,109
3,967
4,757
4,572
3,793
3,741
3,932
3,800
Terendah 40%
Bottom
1,794
1,816
1,711
1,733
2,006
2,025
1,651
1,642
1,571
1,542
BANDAR
URBAN
Tertinggi 20%
Top
LUAR BANDAR
RURAL
Tertinggi 20%
Top
6,033
5,076
5,823
4,889
7,773
6,526
5,903
4,924
4,549
3,958
Pertengahan 40%
Middle
2,313
2,213
2,235
2,153
3,065
2,949
2,488
2,445
1,760
1,693
Terendah 40%
Bottom
1,033
1,080
1,004
1,055
1,347
1,359
1,175
1,241
996
1,084
Nota/Note :
r
disemak semula / revised
11
Jadual 1.4: Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata mengikut jantina, kumpulan etnik ketua isi rumah dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.4: Mean monthly household income by sex, ethnic group of head of household and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(RM)
Kumpulan etnik
Ethnic group
Jumlah
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Lelaki
Perempuan
Jumlah
Lelaki
Perempuan
Jumlah
Lelaki
Perempuan
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
4,025
4,219
2,958
4,705
4,932
3,462
2,545
2,670
1,852
Bumiputera
3,624
3,794
2,683
4,458
4,658
3,337
2,460
2,581
1,804
Cina/Chinese
5,011
5,248
3,699
5,222
5,480
3,828
3,318
3,448
2,410
India/Indians
3,999
4,243
2,766
4,243
4,507
2,919
2,644
2,788
1,869
Lain-lain/Others
3,640
3,899
1,971
4,830
5,319
2,223
1,995
2,059
1,432
Total
12
Jadual 1.5: Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas pendapatan isi rumah bulanan dan kumpulan etnik,
Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.5: Percentage distribution of household and income share by monthly household income class and ethnic group, Malaysia, 2009
JUMLAH
TOTAL
Kelas pendapatan
Income class
Jumlah/Total
Bumiputera
Cina/Chinese
India/Indians
Lain-lain/Others
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Percentage distribution
(RM)
Isi rumah
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
Income
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Jumlah
Agihan
Income
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
Agihan
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
share
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.2
0.1
1.6
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
1.5
0.1
Total
499 dan kurang

499 and below
500
799
3.3
0.5
4.2
0.8
1.2
0.2
2.4
0.4
2.6
0.5
800
999
2.9
0.6
3.6
0.9
1.2
0.2
2.3
0.5
3.6
0.9
1,000
1,249
7.5
2.1
8.8
2.7
4.3
1.0
6.3
1.8
16.1
4.9
1,250
1,499
6.7
2.3
7.5
2.9
4.7
1.3
7.2
2.5
7.9
2.9
1,500
1,749
6.2
2.5
6.7
3.0
5.0
1.6
6.3
2.5
10.0
4.5
1,750
1,999
5.7
2.6
6.0
3.1
5.0
1.8
6.0
2.8
5.2
2.7
2,000
2,499
10.7
6.0
10.9
6.8
9.8
4.4
11.9
6.7
9.8
5.9
2,500
2,999
8.6
5.9
8.6
6.5
8.2
4.5
10.0
6.9
7.2
5.4
3,000
3,999
13.6
11.7
12.7
12.2
15.4
10.6
14.7
12.9
10.9
10.6
4,000
4,999
9.5
10.5
8.6
10.6
11.3
10.1
10.3
11.4
7.8
9.6
5,000
6,999
10.9
16.0
9.9
16.0
14.0
16.4
9.6
14.1
5.8
8.9
7,000
9,999
7.3
15.1
6.3
14.3
10.2
16.8
6.5
13.7
4.2
9.4
10,000
12,999
2.6
7.4
2.0
6.1
4.1
9.3
3.0
8.5
5.1
15.6
13,000
14,999
1.0
3.5
0.9
3.3
1.4
3.9
1.0
3.3
0.5
1.9
2.3
13.2
1.6
10.6
3.8
17.9
2.1
12.0
1.8
16.2
15,000 dan lebih

15,000 and above
13
Jadual 1.6: Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas pendapatan isi rumah bulanan, kumpulan etnik dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.6: Percentage distribution of household and income share by monthly household income class, ethnic group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
BANDAR
URBAN
Kelas pendapatan
Income class
Jumlah/Total
Bumiputera
Cina/Chinese
India/Indians
Lain-lain/Others
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
(RM)
Isi rumah
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
Income
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Jumlah
Agihan
Income
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
Agihan
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
share
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.3
0.0
1.0
0.1
Total
499 dan kurang

499 and below
500
799
1.7
0.2
2.1
0.3
1.0
0.1
2.0
0.3
1.2
0.2
800
999
1.6
0.3
1.9
0.4
1.0
0.2
1.9
0.4
2.9
0.5
1,000
1,249
4.8
1.2
5.4
1.4
3.7
0.8
5.7
1.5
9.0
2.1
1,250
1,499
5.0
1.5
5.3
1.6
4.2
1.1
6.5
2.1
4.8
1.4
1,500
1,749
5.0
1.7
5.2
1.9
4.5
1.4
5.6
2.1
7.3
2.5
1,750
1,999
5.0
2.0
5.2
2.2
4.6
1.6
5.8
2.6
2.3
0.8
2,000
2,499
10.5
5.0
10.7
5.4
9.7
4.1
12.0
6.4
12.7
5.8
2,500
2,999
8.9
5.2
9.2
5.7
8.0
4.2
9.8
6.4
6.7
3.8
3,000
3,999
15.1
11.2
14.8
11.5
15.6
10.4
15.0
12.4
15.7
11.5
4,000
4,999
11.3
10.7
11.1
11.1
11.7
10.0
11.1
11.7
11.4
10.6
5,000
6,999
13.4
16.7
13.1
17.4
14.7
16.5
10.3
14.3
6.2
7.3
7,000
9,999
9.2
16.2
8.6
16.0
10.8
17.1
7.2
14.3
6.5
11.1
10,000
12,999
3.5
8.3
2.9
7.3
4.4
9.5
3.3
9.0
8.2
18.9
13,000
14,999
1.4
4.0
1.3
4.1
1.5
4.0
1.1
3.5
0.9
2.4
3.2
15.7
2.6
13.7
4.3
19.0
2.4
13.0
3.1
21.0
15,000 dan lebih

15,000 and above
14
Jadual 1.6: Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas pendapatan isi rumah bulanan, kumpulan etnik dan strata,
Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 1.6: Percentage distribution of household and income share by monthly household income class, ethnic group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(cont'd)
LUAR BANDAR
RURAL
Kelas pendapatan
Income class
Jumlah/Total
Bumiputera
Cina/Chinese
India/Indians
Lain-lain/Others
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
Taburan peratus
(RM)
Isi rumah
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
Income
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Jumlah
Agihan
Income
Agihan
Isi rumah
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
Agihan
Isi rumah
Agihan
pendapatan
Household
share
Income
pendapatan
Household
Income
share
share
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.9
0.4
3.2
0.5
1.1
0.1
1.4
0.2
2.2
0.3
Total
499 dan kurang

499 and below
500
799
6.7
1.7
7.2
1.9
3.2
0.6
5.0
1.2
4.5
1.4
800
999
5.6
2.0
6.0
2.2
2.5
0.7
4.5
1.5
4.6
2.0
1,000
1,249
13.1
5.8
13.7
6.2
9.2
3.1
9.8
4.2
25.8
14.4
1,250
1,499
10.4
5.6
10.7
5.9
7.9
3.3
11.3
5.9
12.1
8.2
1,500
1,749
8.7
5.5
8.7
5.7
8.3
4.0
10.2
6.2
13.7
11.1
1,750
1,999
7.2
5.3
7.0
5.4
8.1
4.5
7.1
5.0
9.3
8.7
2,000
2,499
11.2
9.8
11.2
10.2
10.7
7.2
11.3
9.5
5.8
6.2
2,500
2,999
8.1
8.7
7.7
8.6
10.0
8.2
11.3
11.7
8.0
10.8
3,000
3,999
10.3
13.9
9.9
13.9
13.1
13.7
13.0
16.9
4.3
7.6
4,000
4,999
5.5
9.7
5.2
9.5
8.5
11.3
5.4
9.3
2.7
6.2
5,000
6,999
5.6
12.9
5.3
12.7
8.4
14.7
5.3
11.7
5.1
14.3
7,000
9,999
3.2
10.4
3.0
10.1
5.3
13.5
2.7
8.6
1.1
4.1
10,000
12,999
0.9
3.8
0.7
3.3
2.0
6.6
0.9
3.9
0.8
4.7
13,000
14,999
0.3
1.5
0.2
1.1
0.9
3.8
0.3
1.5
0.3
3.0
0.3
2.8
0.8
4.6
0.4
2.7
15,000 dan lebih

15,000 and above
15
Jadual 1.7: Agihan pendapatan bagi kumpulan isi rumah terendah 10% hingga 90%, purata, penengah dan koefisien Gini mengikut
kumpulan etnik, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.7: Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean, median and Gini coefficient by ethnic group, Malaysia,
2009
JUMLAH
TOTAL
Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Peratus agihan pendapatan kumulatif

Cumulative per cent of income share
Jumlah
Total
Terendah
Bottom
Bumiputera
Cina
Chinese
India
Indians
Lain-lain
Others
10%
2.0
2.0
2.2
2.3
2.2
"
20%
5.1
5.2
5.5
5.7
5.2
"
30%
9.2
9.3
9.8
10.1
8.7
"
40%
14.5
14.4
15.2
15.6
13.1
"
50%
20.8
20.7
21.8
22.1
18.4
"
60%
28.5
28.5
30.0
29.8
24.9
"
70%
38.4
38.2
39.6
39.6
33.5
"
80%
50.6
50.5
51.6
51.3
44.7
"
90%
66.9
67.2
67.8
67.2
60.3
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
4,025
3,624
5,011
3,999
3,640
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
2,841
2,534
3,643
2,853
2,162
Koefisien Gini
Gini coefficient
0.441
0.440
0.425
0.424
0.495
16
kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.8: Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean, median and Gini coefficient by ethnic group and
BANDAR
URBAN
Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group

Jumlah
Total
Terendah
Bottom
Bumiputera
Cina
Chinese
India
Indians
Lain-lain
Others
10%
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.3
1.9
"
20%
5.5
5.5
5.6
5.7
4.6
"
30%
10.0
10.0
9.9
10.2
8.3
"
40%
15.4
15.5
15.5
15.6
12.9
"
50%
21.9
22.1
22.1
22.1
18.6
"
60%
30.1
30.1
30.3
30.1
25.9
"
70%
39.7
40.1
39.9
39.9
34.6
"
80%
51.9
52.3
51.9
51.4
45.0
"
90%
67.9
68.4
67.9
67.5
62.4
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
4,705
4,458
5,222
4,243
4,830
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
3,435
3,276
3,814
3,032
3,238
Koefisien Gini
Gini coefficient
0.423
0.420
0.422
0.422
0.488
17
kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 1.8: Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean, median and Gini coefficient by ethnic group and
stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
LUAR BANDAR
RURAL
Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group

Jumlah
Total
Terendah
Bottom
Bumiputera
Cina
Chinese
India
Indians
Lain-lain
Others
10%
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.6
3.1
"
20%
6.2
6.3
6.2
6.8
8.6
"
30%
10.8
10.8
10.8
12.0
14.1
"
40%
16.3
16.4
16.2
17.9
20.0
"
50%
22.9
23.0
22.9
24.8
26.9
"
60%
31.0
31.1
31.0
33.2
35.1
"
70%
40.6
40.7
40.9
43.5
44.1
"
80%
52.6
52.7
53.4
55.4
55.1
"
90%
69.1
69.2
69.7
71.0
70.1
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
2,545
2,460
3,318
2,644
1,995
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
1,836
1,774
2,453
2,027
1,516
Koefisien Gini
Gini coefficient
0.407
0.406
0.402
18
0.375
0.356
Jadual 1.9: Agihan pendapatan bagi kumpulan isi rumah terendah 10% hingga 90%, purata dan penengah mengikut pekerjaan
ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.9: Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean and median by occupation of head of household,
Malaysia, 2009

Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Terendah 10%
Bottom
Jumlah
Penggubal
undang-undang,
pegawai kanan
dan pengurus
Profesional
Juruteknik
dan
profesional
bersekutu
Pekerja
perkeranian
Pekerja
perkhidmatan,
pekerja kedai
dan jurujual
Total
Legislators,
senior officials
and managers
Professionals
Technicians
and associate
professionals
Clerical
workers
Services workers,
shop and market
sales workers
2.0
2.0
2.7
3.2
3.3
2.8
"
20%
5.1
5.3
7.1
7.8
8.0
6.8
"
30%
9.2
9.9
12.6
13.6
13.7
11.8
"
40%
14.5
15.4
19.3
20.5
20.5
18.2
"
50%
20.8
22.2
27.0
28.6
28.6
25.5
"
60%
28.5
30.4
35.8
37.4
37.8
34.2
"
70%
38.4
40.4
45.9
48.1
48.7
44.4
"
80%
50.6
53.1
57.8
60.5
61.2
57.0
"
90%
66.9
73.1
72.6
75.8
76.0
72.9
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
4,025
8,997
7,957
5,076
3,917
3,432
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
2,841
6,751
6,581
4,338
3,364
2,752
19
Jadual 1.9: Agihan pendapatan bagi kumpulan isi rumah terendah 10% hingga 90%, purata dan penengah mengikut pekerjaan
ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 1.9: Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean and median by occupation of head of household,
Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)

Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Terendah 10%
Bottom
Pekerja
mahir
pertanian dan
perikanan
Pekerja
pertukangan
dan yang
berkaitan
Operator
loji dan mesin
serta
pemasang
Pekerjaan
asas
Pekerjaan
yang tidak
dikelaskan
di mana-mana
Skilled
agricultural
and fishery
workers
Craft and
related trade
workers
Plant and
machineoperators
and assemblers
Elementary
occupations
Occupation
not elsewhere
classified
3.1
3.1
3.5
3.0
1.7
"
20%
7.8
7.3
8.3
7.4
4.7
"
30%
13.4
12.5
14.3
12.6
8.8
"
40%
19.7
18.9
21.3
18.5
13.6
"
50%
26.9
26.6
28.9
25.5
19.6
"
60%
35.3
35.5
38.1
34.2
27.2
"
70%
45.4
45.9
48.5
44.0
36.5
"
80%
57.3
58.7
60.7
56.3
48.8
"
90%
72.8
74.6
75.9
72.6
66.1
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
1,970
2,953
2,940
2,451
2,760
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
1,544
2,433
2,486
1,898
1,844
20
Jadual 1.10: Agihan pendapatan bagi kumpulan isi rumah terendah 10% hingga 90%, purata dan penengah mengikut industri
ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Table 1.10: Income share of household income group of bottom 10% to 90%, mean and median by industry of head of household,
Malaysia, 2009

Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Terendah
Bottom
Jumlah
Pertanian,
pemburuan
dan
perhutanan
Perikanan
Perlombongan
dan
pengkuarian
Pembuatan
Bekalan
elektrik,
gas dan air
Pembinaan
Total
Agriculture,
hunting
and forestry
Fishing
Mining and
quarrying
Manufacturing
Electricity,
gas and water
supply
Construction
10%
2.0
2.9
2.9
1.8
2.3
3.0
2.3
"
20%
5.1
7.3
7.2
4.7
5.8
7.3
5.3
"
30%
9.2
12.5
12.5
8.4
10.4
12.8
9.1
"
40%
14.5
18.5
18.2
13.2
15.9
19.3
14.1
"
50%
20.8
25.4
24.7
19.3
22.4
27.4
20.1
"
60%
28.5
33.4
32.5
26.7
30.3
36.2
27.4
"
70%
38.4
43.1
42.3
35.9
39.9
46.5
37.0
"
80%
50.6
54.7
53.5
47.7
51.3
58.0
48.9
"
90%
66.9
70.1
68.4
67.0
67.0
73.0
65.4
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
4,025
2,152
2,113
8,382
4,507
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
2,841
1,608
1,506
5,656
3,257
21
5,100
4,281
4,221
2,831

Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Terendah
Bottom
Perdagangan jual
borong dan jual runcit:
membaiki kenderaan
bermotor, motosikal,
barangan persendirian
dan isi rumah
Hotel
dan
restoran
Pengangkutan,
penyimpanan
dan
komunikasi
Kewangan
Aktiviti
hartanah,
penyewaan
dan perniagaan
Pentadbiran
dan pertahanan
awam;
keselamatan
sosial wajib
Wholesale and retail

trade: repair of motor
vehicles, motorcycles
and personal and
household goods
Hotels
and
restaurants
Transport,
storage
and
communication
Financial
intermediation
Real estate,
renting and
business
activities
Public
administration
and defence;
compulsory
social security
10%
2.4
2.6
2.8
2.7
1.9
3.0
"
20%
5.8
6.4
6.6
6.8
4.9
7.6
"
30%
10.3
11.1
11.3
11.8
8.8
13.0
"
40%
15.7
17.1
16.7
17.8
13.9
19.4
"
50%
22.3
23.8
23.3
25.1
20.2
26.8
"
60%
30.3
32.1
31.0
33.6
28.1
35.5
"
70%
40.1
42.2
40.6
43.7
37.9
45.5
"
80%
51.9
54.7
52.2
56.0
50.3
57.7
"
90%
67.8
71.0
67.4
72.1
67.0
73.1
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
4,383
3,497
4,140
7,490
5,569
4,499
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
3,194
2,627
2,940
5,844
22
3,921
3,607

Kumpulan isi rumah
Household group
Terendah
Bottom
Pendidikan
Kesihatan
dan kerja
sosial
Aktiviti
perkhidmatan
komuniti,
sosial dan
persendirian lain
Isi rumah
persendirian
dengan pekerja
bergaji
Organisasi
dan badan
di luar wilayah
Industri
yang tidak
dikelaskan
di mana-mana
Education
Health
and social
work
Other community,
social and personal
service activities
Private
households
with employed
persons
Extra-territorial
organisations
and bodies
Industry not
elsewhere
classified
10%
2.5
2.3
2.2
2.6
6.6
1.7
"
20%
6.7
6.0
5.3
6.5
13.1
4.7
"
30%
12.1
10.6
9.3
11.5
19.8
8.8
"
40%
19.0
16.3
14.2
17.3
27.3
13.6
"
50%
26.8
23.2
20.3
24.3
34.7
19.6
"
60%
36.4
31.7
27.9
33.0
42.5
27.2
"
70%
47.5
41.2
37.5
44.2
54.7
36.5
"
80%
60.4
52.8
49.9
58.5
69.4
48.8
"
90%
75.9
68.1
66.6
74.6
84.7
66.1
Purata (RM/Bulan)
Mean (RM/Month)
5,739
5,206
3,668
2,167
5,315
2,760
Penengah (RM/Bulan)
Median
(RM/Month)
5,001
3,925
2,473
1,664
3,885
23
1,844
JADUAL INSIDEN KEMISKINAN

TABLES OF INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
Jadual 2.1: Insiden kemiskinan mengikut kumpulan etnik ketua isi rumah dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 2.1: Incidence of poverty by ethnic group of head of household and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Insiden kemiskinan/Incidence of poverty
Miskin/Poor
Kumpulan etnik
Ethnic group
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Miskin tegar/Hard-core poor
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar Bandar
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Total
Urban
Rural
3.8
1.7
8.5
0.7
0.2
1.8
Bumiputera
5.3
2.4
9.2
1.1
0.4
2.0
Cina/Chinese
0.6
0.4
1.8
0.1
0.0
0.4
India/Indians
2.5
2.0
5.1
0.3
0.3
0.4
Lain-Lain/Others
6.7
4.8
9.3
1.3
1.7
0.8
Jadual 2.2: Insiden kemiskinan mengikut negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 2.2: Incidence of poverty by state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Miskin/Poor
Negeri
State
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar Bandar
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Total
Urban
Rural
Malaysia
3.8
1.7
8.5
0.7
0.2
1.8
Johor
1.3
0.8
2.6
0.1
0.0
0.3
Kedah
5.3
2.2
7.6
0.8
0.2
1.3
Kelantan
4.8
3.0
5.8
1.0
0.5
1.3
Melaka
0.5
0.3
1.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
Negeri Sembilan
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.1
0.1
Pahang
2.1
0.7
3.5
0.3
0.0
0.5
Perak
3.5
2.1
6.0
0.5
0.3
1.0
Perlis
6.0
4.1
7.3
0.8
0.5
1.0
Pulau Pinang
1.2
1.1
1.7
0.1
0.2
0.1
Selangor
0.7
0.4
3.2
0.1
0.0
0.7
Terengganu
4.0
2.0
6.1
0.5
0.3
0.9
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
0.7
0.7
0.1
0.1
19.7
9.8
32.8
4.8
2.0
8.5
W.P. Labuan
4.3
4.4
3.9
0.7
0.6
1.0
Sarawak
5.3
2.3
8.4
1.0
0.1
2.0
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
25
Jadual 2.3: Insiden kemiskinan mengikut jantina dan kumpulan etnik ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Table 2.3: Incidence of poverty by sex and ethnic group of head of household, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Insiden Kemiskinan/Incidence of poverty
Miskin/Poor
Kumpulan etnik
Ethnic group
Jumlah
Total
Lelaki
Male

Perempuan
Female
Jumlah
Total
Lelaki
Male
Perempuan
Female
JUMLAH/TOTAL
3.8
3.7
4.1
0.7
0.7
0.7
Bumiputera
5.3
5.3
5.3
1.1
1.1
0.9
Cina/Chinese
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.3
India/Indians
2.5
1.9
5.5
0.3
0.2
1.1
Lain-lain/Others
6.7
6.6
6.8
1.3
1.6
0.0
Jadual 2.4: Insiden kemiskinan mengikut kumpulan umur ketua isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Table 2.4: Incidence of poverty by age group of head of household, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kumpulan umur
Age group
Miskin/Poor
Jumlah/Total
3.8
0.7
15 24
2.7
0.5
25 29
1.4
0.2
30 34
3.3
0.5
35 39
4.5
0.8
40 44
5.5
1.3
45 64
3.8
0.7
65 dan ke atas
65 and above
3.6
0.6
Jadual 2.5: Insiden kemiskinan mengikut saiz isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009
Table 2.5: Incidence of poverty by household size, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Saiz isi rumah

Household size
Miskin/Poor
Jumlah/Total
3.8
0.7
Satu/One
0.6
0.1
Dua/Two
0.9
0.1
Tiga/Three
1.3
0.1
Empat/Four
1.9
0.3
Lima dan ke atas/Five and above
7.5
1.6
26
JADUAL KEMUDAHAN ASAS (AM)

TABLES OF BASIC AMENITIES (GENERAL)
Jadual 3.1: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis pemilikan rumah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.1: Percentage distribution of households by type of ownership of housing unit, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Dimiliki
Disewa
Lain-lain
Jumlah
Negeri
Owned
Rented
Others
Total
State
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
69.6
65.5
81.1
27.6
31.5
16.7
2.8
2.9
2.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
78.3
70.8
83.9
17.8
24.3
12.8
3.9
4.9
3.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
81.5
71.3
87.0
18.1
28.4
12.6
0.4
0.3
0.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
76.9
74.8
85.0
22.1
24.0
14.8
1.0
1.2
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
76.3
76.3
76.3
22.8
23.2
22.1
0.9
0.5
1.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
73.5
68.3
78.5
22.0
26.6
17.6
4.5
5.1
3.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
79.2
77.2
82.8
19.5
22.2
14.7
1.3
0.6
2.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
84.0
78.2
87.7
13.9
19.4
10.3
2.1
2.4
2.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
75.2
74.0
80.8
22.4
23.4
18.1
2.4
2.6
1.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
64.9
63.7
77.8
32.9
34.3
18.9
2.2
2.0
3.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
78.6
73.5
84.3
20.4
25.9
14.3
1.0
0.6
1.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
50.0
50.0
47.5
47.5
2.5
2.5
100.0
100.0
9.6
9.6
89.8
89.8
0.6
0.6
100.0
100.0
Sabah
70.5
64.0
78.9
19.2
26.3
10.0
10.3
9.7
11.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
57.7
51.3
76.4
36.1
41.8
19.7
6.2
6.9
3.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
76.1
70.8
81.7
15.1
20.9
9.0
8.8
8.4
9.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
71.4
66.6
81.8
25.1
30.2
14.1
3.5
3.2
4.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
27
Jadual 3.2: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut keadaan rumah yang diduduki, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.2: Percentage distribution of households by condition of occupied housing unit, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kukuh
Mulai buruk/Buruk
Negeri
Sound
Deteriorating/Dilapidated
Total
State
Jumlah
Jumlah
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Luar
Bandar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
95.1
96.6
91.1
4.9
3.4
8.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
94.0
96.7
91.9
6.0
3.3
8.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
86.5
90.1
84.6
13.5
9.9
15.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
96.3
96.4
95.6
3.7
3.6
4.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
97.8
98.8
96.3
2.2
1.2
3.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
95.9
97.1
94.8
4.1
2.9
5.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
92.3
94.8
87.7
7.7
5.2
12.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
90.8
93.2
89.4
9.2
6.8
10.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
95.3
95.9
92.7
4.7
4.1
7.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
97.8
98.2
93.3
2.2
1.8
6.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
86.2
90.6
81.2
13.8
9.4
18.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
96.8
96.8
3.2
3.2
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
99.4
99.4
0.6
0.6
100.0
100.0
Sabah
84.0
92.0
73.8
15.9
8.0
26.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
93.8
94.3
92.1
6.2
5.7
7.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
91.5
92.6
90.3
8.5
7.4
9.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
93.6
96.0
88.4
6.4
4.0
11.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
28
Jadual 3.3: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis bahan binaan dinding luar rumah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.3: Percentage distribution of households by type of outer wall building materials, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Batu
Batu dan papan
Papan
Lain-lain
Negeri
Brick
Brick and plank
Plank
Others
Total
State
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
83.5
91.5
61.7
14.8
7.6
34.4
1.6
0.8
3.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
70.6
83.6
60.8
26.7
14.5
35.9
2.6
1.9
3.2
0.1
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
40.2
51.9
34.0
37.1
30.9
40.4
22.6
17.2
25.4
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
82.8
85.3
73.1
15.4
13.0
24.7
1.8
1.7
2.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
78.7
89.1
62.5
19.5
10.0
34.1
1.8
0.9
3.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
66.6
80.6
53.0
28.2
14.9
41.1
4.7
4.3
5.1
0.5
0.2
0.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
72.0
84.3
50.0
24.4
13.5
43.9
3.6
2.1
6.1
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
61.8
77.5
51.9
32.2
18.1
41.2
6.0
4.4
6.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
82.1
87.1
57.9
16.4
11.5
40.1
1.4
1.3
1.8
0.1
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
92.4
94.5
70.4
6.4
4.7
23.8
1.2
0.8
5.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
45.7
58.6
30.9
31.7
24.7
39.8
22.6
16.7
29.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 96.4
96.4
3.3
3.3
0.3
0.3
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
99.7
99.7
0.3
0.3
100.0
100.0
Sabah
42.4
61.5
17.5
13.1
10.2
16.8
42.9
27.8
62.7
1.6
0.5
3.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
58.1
64.5
39.9
16.3
14.5
21.7
25.6
21.0
38.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
55.2
75.7
33.7
11.7
7.8
15.6
32.4
16.3
49.4
0.7
0.2
1.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
73.5
85.7
46.9
16.5
9.4
32.1
9.8
4.8
20.4
0.2
0.1
0.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
29
Jadual 3.4: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis bekalan air, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.4: Percentage distribution of households by type of water supply, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Air paip dalam rumah
Air paip awam
Lain-lain
Jumlah
Negeri
Piped water inside house
Public water stand pipe
Others
Total
State
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
98.6
98.7
98.3
1.2
1.3
0.9
0.2
0.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
96.8
98.6
95.5
0.8
0.5
1.0
2.4
0.9
3.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
53.8
66.4
47.0
1.2
1.2
1.2
45.0
32.4
51.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
99.6
99.7
99.1
0.2
0.9
0.2
0.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
99.2
99.4
98.9
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
94.8
97.8
91.8
0.5
0.6
0.5
4.7
1.6
7.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
98.4
99.1
97.2
0.4
0.5
0.2
1.2
0.4
2.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
96.9
99.8
95.1
1.6
2.5
1.5
0.2
2.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
99.3
99.6
97.9
0.4
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.1
1.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
99.6
99.7
99.0
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
92.3
96.9
87.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
7.5
2.9
12.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
99.5
99.5
0.5
0.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sabah
71.3
91.3
45.2
2.2
2.4
1.9
26.5
6.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
98.1
98.1
98.0
1.0
0.6
2.0
0.9
1.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
77.5
98.2
55.9
1.6
1.2
2.0
20.9
0.6
42.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
92.1
97.7
79.8
0.8
0.7
1.0
7.1
1.6
19.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
30
52.9
-
Jadual 3.5: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut kemudahan bekalan elektrik, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.5: Percentage distribution of households by accessibility to electricity supply, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Bekalan elektrik
Tiada bekalan elektrik
Jumlah
Negeri
Accessible to electricity
No electricity
Total
State
Jumlah
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar
Bandar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
100.0
100.0
99.9
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
99.8
99.9
99.8
0.2
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
99.6
99.9
99.5
0.4
0.1
0.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
99.9
99.8
100.0
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
99.9
100.0
99.8
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
99.6
99.9
99.2
0.4
0.1
0.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
99.9
99.9
99.9
0.1
0.1
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
99.4
99.7
99.2
0.6
0.3
0.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
100.0
100.0
99.8
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
100.0
100.0
99.8
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
99.8
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sabah
95.8
99.1
91.4
4.2
0.9
8.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
99.8
99.7
100.0
0.2
0.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
96.7
99.4
93.8
3.3
0.6
6.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
99.3
99.9
98.0
0.7
0.1
2.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
31
Jadual 3.6: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis kemudahan tandas yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.6: Percentage distribution of households by type of toilet used, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Negeri
State
Tandas tarik
Tandas curah/siram
Lain-lain
Jumlah
Flush toilet
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Pour flush
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Others
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Total
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
83.1
88.9
67.2
16.7
10.9
32.5
0.2
0.2
0.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
54.1
76.5
37.3
45.5
23.5
62.1
0.4
0.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
32.2
46.4
24.6
67.0
53.2
74.4
0.8
0.4
1.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
84.4
87.6
71.9
15.5
12.2
28.0
0.1
0.2
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
82.3
93.6
65.0
17.6
6.4
34.7
0.1
0.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
83.1
92.8
73.6
16.0
7.2
24.7
0.9
1.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
76.5
87.4
56.9
23.3
12.3
42.8
0.2
0.3
0.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
51.6
74.1
37.3
48.3
25.9
62.5
0.1
0.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
79.8
86.5
47.3
20.2
13.5
52.6
0.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
95.6
97.1
80.5
4.3
2.8
19.1
0.1
0.1
0.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
51.9
67.9
33.7
47.7
31.9
65.6
0.4
0.2
0.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
99.1
99.1
0.9
0.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sabah
54.2
73.8
28.6
31.5
18.2
49.0
14.3
8.0
22.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
84.4
87.7
74.9
12.1
11.0
15.3
3.5
1.3
9.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
63.2
86.3
38.9
34.4
12.7
57.2
2.4
1.0
3.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
75.9
88.6
48.3
22.5
10.7
48.2
1.6
0.7
3.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
32
Jadual 3.7: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta,
Table 3.7: Percentage distribution of households by distance from living quarters to the nearest public and private health centres,
states, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Pusat Kesihatan Awam
Public Health Centres
59 km
Negeri
Kurang
Lebih dari
State
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Pusat Kesihatan Swasta

Private Health Centres
Jumlah
Total
Kurang
59 km
Lebih dari
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
60.2
26.6
13.2
100.0
69.3
19.4
11.3
100.0
Kedah
69.5
23.1
7.4
100.0
57.1
27.2
15.7
100.0
Kelantan
79.1
13.1
7.8
100.0
67.8
18.4
13.8
100.0
Melaka
85.9
12.8
1.3
100.0
63.4
29.5
7.1
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
69.9
22.6
7.5
100.0
64.6
22.6
12.8
100.0
Pahang
75.4
14.5
10.1
100.0
60.8
15.8
23.4
100.0
Perak
70.4
21.7
7.9
100.0
67.0
19.5
13.5
100.0
Perlis
71.7
22.3
6.0
100.0
65.8
26.7
7.5
100.0
Pulau Pinang
87.0
12.0
1.0
100.0
83.0
14.8
2.2
100.0
Selangor
49.8
33.4
16.8
100.0
71.6
20.7
7.7
100.0
Terengganu
73.0
18.4
8.6
100.0
50.8
26.3
22.9
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
83.4
13.9
2.7
100.0
92.7
6.7
0.6
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
79.8
17.6
2.6
100.0
81.0
18.2
0.8
100.0
Sabah
53.0
28.3
18.7
100.0
46.4
22.9
30.7
100.0
W.P. Labuan
67.2
31.7
1.1
100.0
27.8
60.1
12.1
100.0
Sarawak
43.6
28.5
27.9
100.0
38.8
22.6
38.6
100.0
MALAYSIA
66.3
22.5
11.2
100.0
63.5
21.0
15.5
100.0
33
Jadual 3.8: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta, negeri
Table 3.8: Percentage distribution of households by distance from living quarters to the nearest public and private health centres, state
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang
State
dari 5 km
Lebih dari
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
Kurang
59 km
Lebih dari
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
60.6
29.6
9.8
100.0
84.8
12.8
2.4
100.0
Kedah
75.6
20.7
3.7
100.0
80.6
17.6
1.8
100.0
Kelantan
90.0
8.7
1.3
100.0
92.9
6.0
1.1
100.0
Melaka
87.6
12.4
100.0
85.9
12.5
1.6
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
63.0
27.4
9.6
100.0
81.0
16.5
2.5
100.0
Pahang
75.9
16.9
7.2
100.0
78.6
14.9
6.5
100.0
Perak
75.2
21.1
3.7
100.0
83.6
13.2
3.2
100.0
Perlis
76.4
22.2
1.4
100.0
82.4
16.0
1.6
100.0
Pulau Pinang
89.2
10.3
0.5
100.0
92.1
7.2
0.7
100.0
Selangor
49.5
32.8
17.7
100.0
82.0
15.1
2.9
100.0
Terengganu
82.3
12.4
5.3
100.0
74.1
20.9
5.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
83.4
13.9
2.7
100.0
92.7
6.7
0.6
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
79.8
17.6
2.6
100.0
81.0
18.2
0.8
100.0
Sabah
62.4
31.1
6.5
100.0
72.1
23.2
4.7
100.0
W.P. Labuan
71.7
28.3
100.0
36.2
56.3
7.5
100.0
Sarawak
47.2
33.5
19.3
100.0
52.2
28.8
19.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
69.5
22.8
7.7
100.0
79.9
15.8
4.3
100.0
34
Jadual 3.8: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta, negeri
dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 3.8: Percentage distribution of households by distance from living quarters to the nearest public and private health centres, state
and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang
State
dari 5 km
Lebih dari
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
59 km
Kurang
Lebih dari
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
59.6
22.1
18.3
100.0
46.5
29.1
24.4
100.0
Kedah
65.5
24.7
9.8
100.0
41.9
33.4
24.7
100.0
Kelantan
73.6
15.4
11.0
100.0
55.2
24.6
20.2
100.0
Melaka
84.6
13.1
2.3
100.0
46.4
42.4
11.2
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
78.6
16.6
4.8
100.0
44.2
30.1
25.7
100.0
Pahang
74.6
10.5
14.9
100.0
31.5
17.3
51.2
100.0
Perak
63.4
22.5
14.1
100.0
43.4
28.5
28.1
100.0
Perlis
67.0
22.5
10.5
100.0
49.3
37.2
13.5
100.0
Pulau Pinang
83.5
14.6
1.9
100.0
69.0
26.6
4.4
100.0
Selangor
50.3
34.3
15.4
100.0
57.1
28.6
14.3
100.0
Terengganu
65.4
23.3
11.3
100.0
31.8
30.7
37.5
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
43.9
25.5
30.6
100.0
21.4
22.6
56.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
60.1
36.9
3.0
100.0
14.8
66.0
19.2
100.0
Sarawak
37.0
19.3
43.7
100.0
14.5
11.1
74.4
100.0
MALAYSIA
62.3
22.0
15.7
100.0
42.5
27.6
29.9
100.0
35
Jadual 3.9: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman ke sekolah rendah dan sekolah menengah
kerajaan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.9: Percentage distribution of households by distance from living quarters to the nearest government primary and secondary
school, state, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Sekolah rendah kerajaan
Government primary school
Negeri
Kurang dari 59 km
Lebih dari
State
5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Sekolah menengah kerajaan

Government secondary school
Jumlah
Total
Kurang dari 59 km
Lebih dari
5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
86.1
12.4
1.5
100.0
70.8
21.4
7.9
100.0
Kedah
87.2
12.1
0.7
100.0
69.6
24.3
6.1
100.0
Kelantan
94.6
4.6
0.8
100.0
75.0
14.9
10.1
100.0
Melaka
94.6
5.2
0.2
100.0
65.4
27.3
7.3
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
88.5
10.5
1.0
100.0
50.3
28.3
21.4
100.0
Pahang
89.1
6.6
4.3
100.0
70.0
19.5
10.5
100.0
Perak
91.7
7.5
0.8
100.0
74.5
19.4
6.1
100.0
Perlis
87.7
12.2
0.1
100.0
72.9
25.6
1.5
100.0
Pulau Pinang
95.1
4.8
0.1
100.0
86.4
12.9
0.7
100.0
Selangor
84.4
13.8
1.8
100.0
73.2
21.9
4.9
100.0
Terengganu
91.7
7.6
0.7
100.0
70.9
22.8
6.3
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
95.4
4.2
0.4
100.0
89.7
9.2
1.1
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
98.0
2.0
100.0
94.3
3.1
2.6
100.0
Sabah
80.0
14.4
5.6
100.0
53.5
24.7
21.8
100.0
W.P. Labuan
89.1
10.9
100.0
56.8
43.0
0.2
100.0
Sarawak
79.8
14.0
6.2
100.0
55.0
20.9
24.1
100.0
MALAYSIA
88.2
9.8
2.0
100.0
69.9
20.6
9.5
100.0
36
kerajaan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
school, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Negeri
Kurang dari 59 km
Lebih dari
State
5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
Kurang dari 59 km
Lebih dari
5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
88.3
11.3
0.4
100.0
81.4
17.0
1.6
100.0
Kedah
89.8
9.7
0.5
100.0
85.8
13.4
0.8
100.0
Kelantan
97.7
2.2
0.1
100.0
89.8
9.4
0.8
100.0
Melaka
97.4
2.6
100.0
76.7
19.9
3.4
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
85.0
13.8
1.2
100.0
64.0
30.6
5.4
100.0
Pahang
88.8
7.2
4.0
100.0
79.3
16.8
3.9
100.0
Perak
92.9
6.9
0.2
100.0
87.7
11.1
1.2
100.0
Perlis
93.7
6.3
100.0
83.5
16.5
100.0
Pulau Pinang
97.0
2.9
0.1
100.0
93.5
6.5
100.0
Selangor
88.2
10.3
1.5
100.0
82.4
15.0
2.6
100.0
Terengganu
93.6
6.1
0.3
100.0
87.8
11.5
0.7
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
95.4
4.2
0.4
100.0
89.7
9.2
1.1
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
98.0
2.0
100.0
94.3
3.1
2.6
100.0
Sabah
86.5
12.5
1.0
100.0
76.1
21.1
2.8
100.0
W.P. Labuan
92.1
7.9
100.0
67.3
32.7
100.0
Sarawak
83.9
13.8
2.3
100.0
70.9
22.9
6.2
100.0
MALAYSIA
90.8
8.3
0.9
100.0
82.5
15.3
2.2
100.0
37
kerajaan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
school, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Negeri
Kurang dari 59 km
Lebih dari
State
5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
Kurang dari 59 km
Lebih dari
5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
82.9
14.1
3.0
100.0
55.0
27.9
17.1
100.0
Kedah
85.6
13.7
0.7
100.0
59.2
31.3
9.5
100.0
Kelantan
93.1
5.7
1.2
100.0
67.6
17.7
14.7
100.0
Melaka
92.5
7.1
0.4
100.0
56.8
32.9
10.3
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
92.9
6.5
0.6
100.0
33.3
25.4
41.3
100.0
Pahang
89.4
5.8
4.8
100.0
54.8
23.9
21.3
100.0
Perak
90.0
8.3
1.7
100.0
55.7
31.2
13.1
100.0
Perlis
81.7
18.1
0.2
100.0
62.5
34.6
2.9
100.0
Pulau Pinang
92.0
7.7
0.3
100.0
75.4
22.9
1.7
100.0
Selangor
79.2
18.6
2.2
100.0
60.4
31.5
8.1
100.0
Terengganu
90.2
8.9
0.9
100.0
57.2
32.0
10.8
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
73.6
16.3
10.1
100.0
31.6
28.1
40.3
100.0
W.P. Labuan
84.2
15.8
100.0
40.4
59.1
0.5
100.0
Sarawak
72.2
14.4
13.4
100.0
26.2
17.2
56.6
100.0
MALAYSIA
84.9
11.8
3.3
100.0
53.9
27.4
18.7
100.0
38
Jadual 3.11: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut bilangan bilik tidur, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.11: Percentage distribution of households by number of bedrooms, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Tiada
Satu
Negeri
None
One
State
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar
Dua
Two
Jumlah
Bandar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
0.1
0.1
0.2
2.2
1.5
4.3
26.1
26.5
24.8
Kedah
2.2
1.2
2.9
6.8
3.0
9.7
23.4
16.6
28.6
Kelantan
1.7
1.5
1.8
10.2
6.9
12.0
30.1
29.0
30.7
1.3
0.9
2.8
16.7
15.5
21.3
Negeri Sembilan
0.1
0.1
2.1
1.2
3.4
16.6
14.5
20.0
Pahang
0.8
0.1
1.5
5.5
4.8
6.2
20.9
19.7
22.1
Perak
0.2
0.1
0.4
4.5
2.1
8.7
17.8
12.8
26.7
Perlis
2.5
1.4
3.2
10.0
5.6
12.9
28.0
23.7
30.7
Pulau Pinang
0.2
0.1
0.7
4.3
3.5
8.0
25.8
25.4
28.0
0.1
1.2
0.9
3.6
17.7
17.4
20.6
1.0
0.5
1.6
5.1
3.1
7.5
22.9
20.0
26.1
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
2.7
2.7
17.3
17.3
W.P. Putrajaya
0.6
0.6
Sabah
3.7
2.8
4.9
9.6
6.1
14.1
27.8
22.8
34.3
W.P. Labuan
0.7
0.9
5.0
5.0
4.9
21.0
20.5
22.7
Sarawak
4.5
1.5
7.6
13.5
8.3
19.0
22.0
16.2
28.1
MALAYSIA
1.0
0.4
2.4
5.0
2.8
9.8
21.8
19.3
27.1
Melaka
Selangor
Terengganu
39
Jadual 3.11: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut bilangan bilik tidur, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 3.11: Percentage distribution of households by number of bedrooms, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Tiga
Empat dan lebih
Negeri
Three
Four and more
State
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar
Jumlah
Total
Bandar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
48.9
50.9
43.5
22.7
21.0
27.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
50.5
62.4
41.5
17.1
16.8
17.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
36.4
37.5
35.7
21.6
25.1
19.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
56.0
58.0
48.5
26.0
25.6
27.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
55.5
59.5
49.5
25.7
24.8
27.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
48.8
51.0
46.6
24.0
24.4
23.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
52.5
57.7
43.2
25.0
27.3
21.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
42.4
53.4
35.3
17.1
15.9
17.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
51.7
54.2
39.7
18.0
16.8
23.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
54.8
55.5
48.0
26.3
26.2
27.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
44.1
48.5
39.1
26.9
27.9
25.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
66.0
66.0
14.0
14.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
69.9
69.9
29.5
29.5
100.0
100.0
Sabah
38.7
47.7
26.9
20.2
20.6
19.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
42.7
45.6
34.5
30.6
28.0
37.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
33.7
38.6
28.7
26.3
35.4
16.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
49.3
54.0
39.0
22.9
23.5
21.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
40
Jadual 3.12: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut kemudahan kutipan sampah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.12: Percentage distribution of households by garbage collection facility, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Tempat kediaman
Kawasan **
Tiada
Jumlah
Negeri
Living quarters
Area
None
Total
State
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
69.4
78.8
43.5
13.4
15.1
8.7
17.2
6.1
47.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
13.7
23.8
6.1
44.9
61.8
32.0
41.4
14.4
61.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
8.2
16.3
3.8
31.7
51.0
21.3
60.1
32.7
74.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
56.8
60.4
42.8
20.9
21.0
20.4
22.3
18.6
36.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
62.4
75.1
42.9
17.0
20.7
11.2
20.6
4.2
45.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
55.2
69.3
41.5
18.9
18.6
19.2
25.9
12.1
39.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
60.0
77.9
28.1
11.9
11.9
11.8
28.1
10.2
60.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
30.8
58.2
13.3
10.8
18.9
5.6
58.4
22.9
81.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
57.0
62.3
31.0
39.7
35.9
58.0
3.3
1.8
11.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
58.0
59.2
45.7
34.7
36.4
17.3
7.3
4.4
37.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
16.4
22.5
9.4
55.8
60.1
50.9
27.8
17.4
39.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
49.0
49.0
50.8
50.8
0.2
0.2
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
40.3
40.3
59.7
59.7
100.0
100.0
Sabah
24.8
39.6
5.4
16.8
25.9
5.0
58.4
34.5
89.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
26.8
30.5
16.3
69.9
67.0
78.3
3.3
2.5
5.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
48.1
75.0
19.9
25.0
22.5
27.6
26.9
2.5
52.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
47.9
59.4
22.8
28.3
31.7
21.0
23.8
8.9
56.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
`
** Kutipan sampah di tempat pengumpulan yang jaraknya melebihi 100 meter dari tempat kediaman
Garbage collection at the collection centre located more than 100 metres from living quarters
41
Jadual 3.13: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.13: Percentage distribution of households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kereta
Negeri
State
Motosikal/
Basikal
Alat pendingin
skuter
Car
Motor cycle/
Mesin basuh
Peti sejuk
Washing
Refrigerator
hawa
Bicycle
Air-conditioner
scooter
machine
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
77.2
67.3
28.1
32.6
94.4
97.7
Kedah
66.9
83.4
43.3
19.7
88.6
94.5
Kelantan
59.8
77.9
32.7
10.0
83.3
91.4
Melaka
80.6
67.6
30.1
38.1
93.2
98.0
Negeri Sembilan
74.7
69.2
29.7
27.1
88.9
96.1
Pahang
70.5
73.9
28.2
21.5
87.8
94.1
Perak
68.2
75.3
51.4
31.1
87.2
97.1
Perlis
64.8
85.2
53.2
21.2
89.0
94.2
Pulau Pinang
73.2
70.9
31.3
40.0
89.0
96.7
Selangor
84.4
55.2
30.2
44.5
93.4
97.3
Terengganu
67.4
77.0
37.6
11.4
91.7
95.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
84.9
36.2
14.0
39.2
95.5
99.0
W.P. Putrajaya
88.9
42.3
17.9
27.0
94.9
98.3
Sabah
53.3
17.0
12.5
22.2
61.1
78.7
W.P. Labuan
76.6
35.2
24.5
36.9
90.9
98.0
Sarawak
55.4
47.2
21.0
28.2
64.9
84.3
MALAYSIA
71.9
60.4
30.0
31.0
86.3
94.0
42
Jadual 3.13: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 3.13: Percentage distribution of households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Dapur masak
Dapur
Dapur
Ketuhar
Negeri
gas/elektrik
minyak tanah
kayu/arang
gelombang mikro
State
Gas/
Kerosene
Wood/
Microwave oven
electric stove
stove
charcoal stove
Radio/Hi-fi
Televisyen
Television
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
98.0
0.7
0.2
22.5
79.1
98.8
Kedah
97.5
0.6
3.7
16.9
70.4
96.7
Kelantan
97.3
1.0
4.8
8.1
72.4
95.0
Melaka
97.6
0.7
1.2
22.8
80.2
99.2
Negeri Sembilan
95.7
1.3
2.9
25.5
80.4
97.7
Pahang
95.7
1.8
4.4
18.8
77.5
97.6
Perak
98.1
0.6
1.6
24.5
80.4
97.9
Perlis
97.6
0.6
1.7
18.9
73.0
97.2
Pulau Pinang
97.4
0.4
0.5
26.9
67.9
98.2
Selangor
98.2
0.5
0.3
37.9
77.7
98.9
Terengganu
97.8
0.9
0.9
12.8
60.7
96.7
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
97.8
0.6
0.2
39.7
73.6
99.2
W.P. Putrajaya
95.7
0.6
40.6
59.1
97.7
Sabah
95.1
1.2
13.0
16.0
58.8
90.1
W.P. Labuan
96.4
0.9
0.5
52.3
64.2
97.5
Sarawak
97.0
8.1
24.0
24.4
72.7
94.3
MALAYSIA
97.3
1.4
4.3
25.4
73.9
97.1
43
Jadual 3.13: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 3.13: Percentage distribution of households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Negeri
Video/VCD/
Telefon
DVD
talian tetap
State
Telefon bimbit
Fixed-line
Mobile phone
telephone
Komputer
Langganan
peribadi
internet
Personal
Internet
computer
subscription
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
77.8
42.7
92.3
28.9
16.3
Kedah
67.7
24.6
90.1
25.7
12.0
Kelantan
54.3
18.9
88.1
19.6
6.7
Melaka
74.6
45.4
92.5
40.4
22.1
Negeri Sembilan
75.6
43.3
87.6
31.8
18.8
Pahang
72.8
38.4
89.0
28.9
14.4
Perak
75.4
45.0
83.3
28.0
15.1
Perlis
69.4
31.8
89.1
26.8
13.3
Pulau Pinang
81.2
48.4
93.6
42.5
30.5
Selangor
83.1
35.2
96.4
49.9
34.7
Terengganu
58.1
27.9
89.9
25.8
12.5
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
84.6
37.2
94.8
49.4
33.9
W.P. Putrajaya
77.3
26.7
97.7
60.8
41.2
Sabah
66.1
21.3
87.1
29.5
15.6
W.P. Labuan
77.2
28.2
95.8
45.6
28.5
Sarawak
75.4
27.0
85.1
29.8
16.2
MALAYSIA
75.0
34.9
90.7
35.1
21.2
44
Jadual 3.14: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 3.14: Percentage distribution of households by items used, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kereta
Negeri
State
Motosikal/
Basikal
Alat pendingin
skuter
Car
Motor cycle/
Mesin basuh
Peti sejuk
Washing
Refrigerator
hawa
Bicycle
Air-conditioner
scooter
machine
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
80.3
61.3
26.4
38.8
94.7
97.9
Kedah
76.0
77.7
42.7
34.2
93.0
95.9
Kelantan
67.9
71.8
34.5
19.1
87.4
94.2
Melaka
82.7
65.2
32.5
42.2
93.0
98.0
Negeri Sembilan
80.7
62.7
29.3
34.4
91.5
96.8
Pahang
77.8
62.3
32.4
33.7
88.2
95.2
Perak
74.3
71.4
51.1
39.8
89.2
97.8
Perlis
74.4
81.6
52.9
37.9
92.5
96.8
Pulau Pinang
74.1
67.8
27.6
44.7
89.2
97.0
Selangor
85.2
53.1
28.8
46.6
93.7
97.4
Terengganu
74.5
71.7
42.5
18.4
94.4
97.2
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
84.9
36.2
14.0
39.2
95.5
99.0
W.P. Putrajaya
88.9
42.3
17.9
27.0
94.9
98.3
Sabah
65.2
13.7
11.5
35.1
76.0
89.2
W.P. Labuan
77.7
33.3
23.9
39.6
90.3
97.8
Sarawak
76.6
43.4
21.4
48.7
81.4
93.7
MALAYSIA
79.2
55.2
28.8
40.3
90.8
96.6
45
Jadual 3.14: Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 3.14: Percentage distribution of households by items used, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Dapur masak
Dapur
Dapur
Ketuhar
Negeri
gas/elektrik
minyak tanah
kayu/arang
gelombang mikro
State
Gas/
Kerosene
Wood/
Microwave oven
electric stove
stove
charcoal stove
Radio/Hi-fi
Televisyen
Television
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
97.9
0.7
0.2
25.0
79.3
98.8
Kedah
96.7
0.6
0.7
24.8
74.8
98.4
Kelantan
97.4
1.0
2.3
14.2
75.2
95.5
Melaka
97.4
0.5
1.2
24.6
80.2
99.4
Negeri Sembilan
94.6
1.4
1.2
30.6
81.4
97.4
Pahang
95.9
1.4
2.0
25.7
79.4
98.4
Perak
98.2
0.5
1.1
28.2
81.4
98.4
Perlis
96.3
1.0
1.4
28.5
77.0
98.0
Pulau Pinang
97.2
0.3
0.4
28.2
68.2
98.3
Selangor
98.2
0.4
0.2
39.3
77.9
98.9
Terengganu
97.5
0.8
0.6
17.1
65.3
97.7
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
97.8
0.6
0.2
39.7
73.6
99.2
W.P. Putrajaya
95.7
0.6
40.6
59.1
97.7
Sabah
96.6
0.8
2.0
22.0
64.0
95.7
W.P. Labuan
96.5
1.3
0.6
54.4
64.5
98.1
Sarawak
96.5
3.5
5.3
36.1
73.3
97.3
MALAYSIA
97.5
0.8
1.0
31.1
75.6
98.3
46
(%)
Negeri
Video/VCD/
Telefon
DVD
talian tetap
State
Telefon bimbit
Fixed-line
Mobile phone
telephone
Komputer
Langganan
peribadi
internet
Personal
Internet
computer
subscription
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
80.7
42.2
93.9
31.5
18.8
Kedah
78.8
30.4
93.7
36.4
20.9
Kelantan
61.6
29.0
91.7
29.7
13.1
Melaka
76.7
46.1
93.7
43.6
24.9
Negeri Sembilan
78.5
43.3
89.8
38.2
24.7
Pahang
79.6
39.3
92.8
37.5
20.4
Perak
80.0
47.9
86.8
33.5
19.4
Perlis
77.7
39.8
92.3
39.1
21.3
Pulau Pinang
83.4
50.9
94.0
45.5
33.6
Selangor
84.3
35.8
96.9
51.6
36.4
Terengganu
65.6
34.5
92.1
33.9
18.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
84.6
37.2
94.8
49.4
33.9
W.P. Putrajaya
77.3
26.7
97.7
60.8
41.2
Sabah
73.2
31.5
93.5
41.1
23.9
W.P. Labuan
77.7
29.6
95.6
48.1
30.2
Sarawak
83.2
41.2
94.5
43.1
27.4
MALAYSIA
80.6
39.2
93.9
42.5
27.5
47
(%)
Kereta
Negeri
State
Motosikal/
Basikal
skuter
Car
Alat pendingin
Mesin basuh
Peti sejuk
Washing
Refrigerator
hawa
Motor cycle/
Bicycle
Air-conditioner
scooter
machine
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
68.9
83.7
32.9
15.4
93.6
97.2
Kedah
60.0
87.7
43.7
8.7
85.3
93.3
Kelantan
55.5
81.2
31.8
5.1
81.1
89.8
Melaka
72.6
76.4
21.3
22.6
93.6
97.9
Negeri Sembilan
65.3
79.3
30.4
15.7
84.8
94.9
Pahang
63.4
85.2
24.0
9.5
87.4
93.0
Perak
57.2
82.2
51.9
15.6
83.6
95.8
Perlis
58.6
87.5
53.4
10.6
86.8
92.6
Pulau Pinang
68.8
85.7
49.4
17.0
87.9
95.2
Selangor
76.0
76.0
44.7
22.9
90.3
96.0
Terengganu
59.4
83.0
32.1
3.5
88.6
92.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
37.8
21.4
13.9
5.3
41.5
65.1
W.P. Labuan
73.4
40.4
26.1
29.1
92.6
98.5
Sarawak
33.0
51.1
20.6
6.6
47.6
74.4
MALAYSIA
56.1
71.8
32.8
10.7
76.6
88.3
48
(%)
Dapur masak
Dapur
Dapur
Ketuhar
Negeri
gas/elektrik
minyak tanah
kayu/arang
gelombang mikro
Radio/Hi-fi
State
Gas/
Kerosene
Wood/
Microwave oven
electric stove
stove
charcoal stove
Televisyen
Television
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
98.1
0.6
0.3
15.5
78.5
98.8
Kedah
98.1
0.7
6.0
11.0
67.1
95.4
Kelantan
97.2
1.1
6.2
4.7
70.9
94.7
Melaka
98.4
1.6
1.2
16.3
79.9
98.5
Negeri Sembilan
97.5
1.2
5.5
17.7
79.0
98.2
Pahang
95.6
2.2
6.7
12.2
75.6
96.9
Perak
97.8
0.7
2.5
17.8
78.7
97.0
Perlis
98.5
0.3
1.9
12.8
70.4
96.8
Pulau Pinang
98.3
0.6
1.2
20.7
66.4
97.7
Selangor
98.2
0.8
0.9
23.8
75.2
98.2
Terengganu
98.1
1.0
1.2
8.0
55.4
95.5
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
93.2
1.7
27.4
8.2
52.0
82.9
W.P. Labuan
96.1
0.0
0.0
46.3
63.6
95.6
Sarawak
97.5
13.0
43.6
12.2
72.1
91.2
MALAYSIA
97.1
2.6
11.5
12.9
70.3
94.5
49
(%)
Negeri
Video/VCD/
Telefon
DVD
talian tetap
State
Telefon bimbit
Fixed-line
Mobile phone
telephone
Komputer
Langganan
peribadi
internet
Personal
Internet
computer
subscription
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
69.8
43.9
88.0
21.7
9.3
Kedah
59.3
20.2
87.5
17.7
5.4
Kelantan
50.5
13.5
86.1
14.1
3.3
Melaka
66.9
42.7
88.0
28.1
11.7
Negeri Sembilan
71.0
43.3
84.3
22.1
9.7
Pahang
66.2
37.6
85.4
20.4
8.5
Perak
67.1
39.8
77.2
18.1
7.4
Perlis
64.2
26.7
87.0
18.9
8.1
Pulau Pinang
70.4
36.5
91.5
28.0
15.6
Selangor
71.1
28.5
91.0
32.2
16.5
Terengganu
49.6
20.3
87.4
16.5
6.3
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
56.8
7.8
78.6
14.3
4.8
W.P. Labuan
75.9
24.1
95.6
38.4
23.7
Sarawak
67.2
12.1
75.2
15.7
4.5
MALAYSIA
63.0
25.7
83.8
19.0
7.3
50
JADUAL KEMUDAHAN ASAS (ISI RUMAH MISKIN)

TABLES OF BASIC AMENITIES (POOR HOUSEHOLD)
Jadual 4.1: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis pemilikan rumah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.1: Percentage distribution of poor households by type of ownership of housing unit, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Dimiliki
Disewa
Lain-lain
Negeri
Owned
Rented
Others
State
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah
Bandar Luar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Total
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
57.3
26.3
83.3
40.3
68.4
16.7
2.4
5.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
83.4
70.4
86.2
15.5
29.6
12.4
1.1
1.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
87.7
69.4
92.7
12.3
30.6
7.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
24.9
50.0
75.1
100.0
50.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
37.9
50.0
20.0
62.1
50.0
80.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
77.8
44.4
84.6
12.6
55.6
3.9
9.6
11.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
73.1
57.5
82.7
23.9
42.5
12.4
3.0
4.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
92.2
83.3
95.4
7.8
16.7
4.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
44.5
36.4
71.4
52.0
59.1
28.6
3.5
4.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
46.1
28.6
70.3
43.4
57.1
24.3
10.5
14.3
5.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
83.1
69.6
88.2
13.5
30.4
7.1
3.4
4.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
11.8
11.8
88.2
88.2
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
77.1
49.8
87.8
8.2
20.8
3.3
W.P. Labuan
31.1
21.4
62.5
57.5
71.4
12.5
Sarawak
81.1
50.9
89.9
9.5
32.7
2.8
9.4
16.4
MALAYSIA
75.0
48.2
86.8
16.2
37.2
7.0
8.8
14.6
51
16.7
11.4
29.4
7.2
8.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
25.0
Jadual 4.2: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut keadaan unit perumahan yang diduduki, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.2: Percentage distribution of poor households by condition of occupied housing unit, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kukuh
Mulai buruk/Buruk
Negeri
Sound
Deteriorating/Dilapidated
Total
State
Jumlah
Jumlah
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Luar
Bandar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
76.0
84.2
69.0
24.0
15.8
31.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
81.6
88.9
80.0
18.4
11.1
20.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
71.2
69.4
71.7
28.8
30.6
28.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
95.0
100.0
90.0
5.0
10.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
68.8
66.7
69.2
31.2
33.3
30.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
65.9
72.5
61.7
34.1
27.5
38.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
72.4
66.7
74.4
27.6
33.3
25.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
83.8
81.8
90.5
16.2
18.2
9.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
70.9
71.4
70.3
29.1
28.6
29.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
66.0
69.6
64.7
34.0
30.4
35.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
94.1
94.1
5.9
5.9
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
60.7
73.9
55.5
39.3
26.1
44.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
77.7
78.6
75.0
22.3
21.4
25.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
72.8
58.2
77.1
27.2
41.8
22.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
68.2
74.9
65.3
31.8
25.1
34.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
52
Jadual 4.3: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis bahan binaan dinding luar rumah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.3: Percentage distribution of poor households by type of outer wall building materials, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Batu
Batu dan papan
Papan
Lain-lain
Negeri
Brick
Brick and plank
Plank
Others
Total
State
Jumlah Bandar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Bandar
Urban
Rural
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Johor
55.6
73.7
40.5
38.1
21.0
52.4
6.3
5.3
7.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
39.7
66.7
33.8
54.0
29.6
59.3
6.3
3.7
6.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
24.7
27.8
23.9
35.8
47.2
32.6
38.9
25.0
42.8
0.6
0.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
70.1
100.0
40.0
24.9
50.0
5.0
10.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
70.1
50.0
100.0
29.9
50.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
26.7
44.5
23.1
27.4
11.1
30.7
29.9
44.4
26.9
19.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
38.4
52.5
29.6
48.1
40.0
53.1
13.5
7.5
17.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
28.2
29.2
27.9
54.9
45.8
58.1
16.9
25.0
14.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
61.0
63.6
52.4
34.4
31.8
42.9
3.5
4.6
1.1
4.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
64.9
78.6
46.0
23.0
14.3
35.1
12.1
7.1
18.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
23.0
21.8
23.5
29.7
30.4
29.4
47.3
47.8
47.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur 94.1
94.1
5.9
5.9
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
16.0
8.2
14.7
5.6
7.6
7.6
7.6
79.1
77.7
79.7
5.1
7.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
30.2
35.7
12.5
11.4
7.1
25.0
58.4
57.2
62.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
23.4
21.8
23.9
15.6
9.1
17.4
59.2
67.3
56.9
1.8
1.8
1.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
25.0
38.5
19.0
23.0
18.5
25.0
49.0
42.8
51.8
3.0
0.2
4.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sabah
53
Jadual 4.4: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis bekalan air, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.4: Percentage distribution of poor households by type of water supply, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Negeri
State
Air paip dalam rumah

Piped water inside house
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Air paip awam

Public water stand pipe
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Lain-lain
Others
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Jumlah
Total
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Johor
98.7
100.0
97.6
1.3
2.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
89.8
100.0
87.6
1.7
2.1
8.5
10.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
39.8
52.8
36.2
3.4
2.8
3.6
56.8
44.4
60.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
48.9
100.0
38.5
51.1
61.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
95.4
100.0
92.6
4.6
7.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
93.8
95.8
93.0
3.4
4.7
2.8
4.2
2.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
95.4
95.5
95.2
4.6
4.5
4.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
97.2
100.0
93.2
1.7
4.1
1.1
2.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
79.0
82.6
77.6
21.0
22.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur

W.P. Putrajaya
17.4
Sabah
36.6
69.7
23.8
3.2
6.6
1.9
60.2
23.7
W.P. Labuan
94.6
92.9
100.0
5.4
7.1
Sarawak
59.5
90.9
50.5
3.4
5.5
2.7
37.1
3.6
MALAYSIA
60.1
84.2
49.5
2.3
3.2
1.9
37.6
12.6
54
74.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
46.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
48.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Jadual 4.5: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut kemudahan bekalan elektrik, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.5: Percentage distribution of poor households by accessibility to electricity supply, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Bekalan elektrik
Tiada bekalan elektrik
Jumlah
Negeri
Accessible to electricity
No electricity
Total
State
Jumlah
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar
Bandar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Total
Urban
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Luar
Bandar
Rural
Johor
98.7
100.0
97.6
1.3
2.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
99.4
100.0
99.3
0.6
0.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
98.3
100.0
97.8
1.7
2.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
93.6
100.0
92.3
6.4
7.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
98.3
97.5
98.8
1.7
2.5
1.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
97.8
91.7
100.0
2.2
8.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
98.9
100.0
97.3
1.1
2.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
99.1
100.0
98.8
0.9
1.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
W.P. Kuala Lumpur

W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
81.3
97.2
75.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
85.4
98.2
81.7
14.6
1.8
MALAYSIA
91.7
98.6
88.8
8.3
1.4
W.P. Labuan
18.7
-
55
2.8
-
24.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
11.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Jadual 4.6: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis kemudahan tandas yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.6: Percentage distribution of poor households by type of toilet used, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Negeri
State
Tandas tarik
Tandas curah/siram
Lain-lain
Jumlah
Flush toilet
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Pour flush
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Others
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban Rural
Total
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
60.8
73.7
50.0
39.2
26.3
50.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
27.9
48.2
23.5
72.1
51.8
76.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
12.2
25.0
8.7
86.1
75.0
89.1
1.7
2.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
65.1
100.0
30.0
29.9
60.0
5.0
10.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
74.0
83.3
60.0
26.0
16.7
40.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
38.2
55.6
34.6
33.1
44.4
30.8
28.7
34.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
37.3
47.5
30.9
61.0
50.0
67.9
1.7
2.5
1.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
13.6
12.5
14.0
86.4
87.5
86.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
52.2
63.6
14.3
46.7
36.4
80.9
1.1
4.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
71.9
85.7
52.7
27.0
14.3
44.6
1.1
2.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
26.4
43.5
20.0
71.9
56.5
77.7
1.7
2.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
9.8
19.4
6.0
49.0
39.4
52.8
41.2
41.2
41.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
60.4
71.4
25.0
27.7
28.6
25.0
11.9
50.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
19.0
30.9
15.6
70.0
58.2
73.4
11.0
10.9
11.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
23.8
41.6
16.0
55.9
41.0
62.5
20.3
17.4
21.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur

W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
56
Jadual 4.7: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman ke pusat kesihatan awam dan swasta,
Table 4.7: Percentage distribution of poor households by distance from living quarters to the nearest public and private health centres,
state, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang
State
dari 5 km
Lebih dari
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
59 km
Kurang
Lebih dari
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
86.9
6.6
6.5
100.0
52.4
19.7
27.9
100.0
Kedah
67.4
25.6
7.0
100.0
42.4
26.2
31.4
100.0
Kelantan
65.5
18.4
16.1
100.0
51.2
22.4
26.4
100.0
Melaka
83.3
16.7
100.0
33.3
58.3
8.4
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
45.5
54.5
100.0
63.6
36.4
100.0
Pahang
40.0
2.9
57.1
100.0
22.9
11.4
65.7
100.0
Perak
61.2
28.1
10.7
100.0
39.7
33.9
26.4
100.0
Perlis
65.7
20.9
13.4
100.0
59.7
31.3
9.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
88.4
11.6
100.0
74.4
20.9
4.7
100.0
Selangor
52.3
32.9
14.8
100.0
50.0
35.2
14.8
100.0
Terengganu
65.7
27.8
6.5
100.0
32.4
38.9
28.7
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
64.7
29.4
5.9
100.0
82.4
17.6
100.0
Sabah
42.8
28.2
29.0
100.0
23.2
21.9
54.9
100.0
W.P. Labuan
81.8
18.2
100.0
40.9
54.6
4.6
100.0
Sarawak
40.9
26.8
32.3
100.0
24.4
17.7
57.9
100.0
MALAYSIA
53.3
25.5
21.2
100.0
34.1
24.8
41.1
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
57
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang
State
dari 5 km
Lebih dari
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
59 km
Kurang
Lebih dari
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
94.7
5.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
85.2
14.8
100.0
88.9
7.4
3.7
100.0
Kelantan
80.5
16.7
2.8
100.0
97.2
2.8
100.0
Melaka
50.0
50.0
100.0
50.0
50.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
66.7
33.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
77.8
22.2
100.0
33.3
33.3
33.4
100.0
Perak
65.0
30.0
5.0
100.0
65.0
30.0
5.0
100.0
Perlis
79.2
20.8
100.0
83.3
12.5
4.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
35.7
50.0
14.3
100.0
57.1
42.9
100.0
Terengganu
87.0
13.0
100.0
52.2
47.8
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
64.7
29.4
5.9
100.0
82.4
17.6
100.0
Sabah
58.7
31.3
10.0
100.0
59.7
35.1
5.2
100.0
W.P. Labuan
78.6
21.4
100.0
35.7
57.2
7.1
100.0
Sarawak
63.6
20.0
16.4
100.0
56.4
20.0
23.6
100.0
MALAYSIA
68.4
24.3
7.3
100.0
67.8
26.0
6.2
100.0
Pulau Pinang
W.P. Putrajaya
58
negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang
State
dari 5 km
Lebih dari
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
59 km
Kurang
Lebih dari
dari 5 km
9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Jumlah
Total
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
83.3
7.2
9.5
100.0
30.9
28.6
40.5
100.0
Kedah
64.1
27.6
8.3
100.0
33.8
29.7
36.5
100.0
Kelantan
61.6
18.8
19.6
100.0
39.1
27.6
33.3
100.0
Melaka
90.0
10.0
100.0
30.0
60.0
10.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
20.0
80.0
100.0
20.0
80.0
100.0
Pahang
26.9
3.9
69.2
100.0
19.2
3.9
76.9
100.0
Perak
59.3
27.1
13.6
100.0
27.2
35.8
37.0
100.0
Perlis
58.2
20.9
20.9
100.0
46.5
41.9
11.6
100.0
Pulau Pinang
76.2
23.8
100.0
47.6
42.9
9.5
100.0
Selangor
55.4
29.7
14.9
100.0
48.6
33.8
17.6
100.0
Terengganu
60.0
31.8
8.2
100.0
27.0
36.5
36.5
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
38.2
27.3
34.5
100.0
12.6
18.1
69.3
100.0
W.P. Labuan
87.5
12.5
100.0
50.0
50.0
100.0
Sarawak
29.3
30.3
40.4
100.0
8.3
16.5
75.2
100.0
MALAYSIA
48.1
25.9
26.0
100.0
22.5
24.4
53.1
100.0
59
Jadual 4.9: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jarak terdekat dari tempat kediaman ke sekolah rendah dan sekolah
menengah kerajaan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.9: Percentage distribution of poor households by distance from living quarters to the nearest government primary and secondary
school, state, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang dari
State
5 km
Lebih
dari 9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
Kurang dari
59 km
Lebih
Jumlah
5 km
dari 9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Total
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
91.8
6.6
1.6
100.0
60.7
21.3
18.0
100.0
Kedah
84.3
14.0
1.7
100.0
57.6
30.8
11.6
100.0
Kelantan
93.1
5.2
1.7
100.0
59.2
16.1
24.7
100.0
Melaka
91.7
8.3
100.0
50.0
33.3
16.7
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
90.9
9.1
100.0
36.4
45.4
18.2
100.0
Pahang
65.7
2.9
31.4
100.0
20.0
25.7
54.3
100.0
Perak
87.6
11.6
0.8
100.0
57.0
34.7
8.3
100.0
Perlis
88.1
11.9
100.0
70.2
29.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
81.4
18.6
100.0
Selangor
75.0
22.7
2.3
100.0
55.7
37.5
6.8
100.0
Terengganu
91.7
6.5
1.8
100.0
61.1
25.9
13.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
88.2
11.8
100.0
76.5
17.6
5.9
100.0
Sabah
73.1
19.5
7.5
100.0
32.5
29.6
37.9
100.0
W.P. Labuan
86.4
13.6
100.0
68.2
31.8
100.0
Sarawak
79.9
13.4
6.7
100.0
34.8
25.0
40.2
100.0
MALAYSIA
80.2
14.7
5.1
100.0
44.8
28.1
27.1
100.0
Pulau Pinang
W.P. Putrajaya
60
menengah kerajaan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
school, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang dari
State
5 km
Lebih
dari 9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
Kurang dari
59 km
Lebih
Jumlah
5 km
dari 9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Total
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
94.7
5.3
100.0
94.7
5.3
100.0
Kedah
96.3
3.7
100.0
81.5
18.5
100.0
Kelantan
100.0
100.0
86.1
13.9
100.0
Melaka
100.0
100.0
50.0
50.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
100.0
100.0
66.7
33.3
100.0
Pahang
100.0
100.0
44.5
33.3
22.2
100.0
Perak
92.5
7.5
100.0
82.5
17.5
100.0
Perlis
100.0
100.0
87.5
12.5
100.0
Pulau Pinang
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
57.1
42.9
100.0
57.1
42.9
100.0
Terengganu
95.7
4.3
100.0
91.3
8.7
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
88.2
11.8
100.0
76.5
17.6
5.9
100.0
Sabah
82.0
17.5
0.5
100.0
73.0
24.2
2.8
100.0
W.P. Labuan
85.7
14.3
100.0
78.6
21.4
100.0
Sarawak
92.7
3.6
3.7
100.0
61.8
32.7
5.5
100.0
MALAYSIA
88.8
10.6
0.6
100.0
76.3
21.2
2.5
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
61
menengah kerajaan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
school, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
59 km
Negeri
Kurang dari
State
5 km
Lebih
dari 9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km

Jumlah
Total
Kurang dari
59 km
Lebih
Jumlah
5 km
dari 9 km
Less than
More than
5 km
9 km
Total
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
90.5
7.1
2.4
100.0
45.2
28.6
26.2
100.0
Kedah
82.1
15.8
2.1
100.0
53.1
33.1
13.8
100.0
Kelantan
91.3
6.5
2.2
100.0
52.2
16.7
31.1
100.0
Melaka
90.0
10.0
100.0
60.0
30.0
10.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
80.0
20.0
100.0
60.0
40.0
100.0
Pahang
53.9
3.8
42.3
100.0
11.5
23.1
65.4
100.0
Perak
85.2
13.6
1.2
100.0
44.4
43.2
12.4
100.0
Perlis
81.4
18.6
100.0
60.5
39.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
61.9
38.1
100.0
Selangor
78.4
18.9
2.7
100.0
55.4
36.5
8.1
100.0
Terengganu
90.6
7.1
2.3
100.0
52.9
30.6
16.5
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
70.5
20.0
9.5
100.0
20.7
31.2
48.1
100.0
W.P. Labuan
87.5
12.5
100.0
50.0
50.0
100.0
Sarawak
73.4
18.3
8.3
100.0
21.1
21.1
57.8
100.0
MALAYSIA
77.2
16.1
6.7
100.0
34.1
30.5
35.4
100.0
Pulau Pinang
62
Jadual 4.11: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut bilangan bilik tidur, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.11: Percentage distribution of poor households by number of bedrooms, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Tiada
Satu
Negeri
None
One
State
Jumlah
Total
Bandar
Luar
Urban
Bandar
Rural
Dua
Two
Jumlah
Total
Bandar
Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar
Urban
Bandar
Rural
Total
Urban
Bandar
Rural
Johor
7.6
5.3
9.5
42.5
42.1
42.9
Kedah
5.7
6.9
16.7
11.1
17.9
36.0
33.3
36.6
Kelantan
2.8
3.6
17.2
11.1
18.8
40.3
47.2
38.4
Melaka
15.0
30.0
45.0
50.0
40.0
Negeri Sembilan
74.0
83.3
60.0
Pahang
6.4
7.7
29.3
22.2
30.8
23.5
44.5
19.2
Perak
3.2
2.5
3.7
25.4
22.5
27.2
29.9
22.5
34.6
Perlis
5.6
8.3
4.6
26.5
29.2
25.6
39.5
45.8
37.2
Pulau Pinang
27.4
22.7
42.8
20.4
13.6
42.9
Selangor
5.1
12.1
34.2
28.6
41.9
Terengganu
9.8
4.4
11.7
34.8
30.4
36.5
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
11.8
11.8
35.3
35.3
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
9.1
7.6
9.7
20.7
18.0
21.7
36.5
36.0
36.7
W.P. Labuan
5.5
7.1
19.3
21.4
12.5
36.1
35.7
37.5
12.0
9.1
12.8
16.4
25.5
13.8
34.0
30.9
34.9
6.7
4.2
7.7
18.6
15.7
19.9
35.6
34.1
36.2
Sarawak
MALAYSIA
63
Jadual 4.11: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut bilangan bilik tidur, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 4.11: Percentage distribution of poor households by number of bedrooms, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Tiga
Empat dan lebih
Negeri
Three
Four and more
State
Jumlah
Total
Bandar
Luar
Jumlah
Urban
Bandar
Rural
Total
Jumlah
Total
Bandar
Luar
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar
Urban
Bandar
Rural
Total
Urban
Bandar
Rural
Johor
37.5
36.8
38.1
12.4
15.8
9.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
31.3
51.9
26.9
10.3
3.7
11.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
32.8
36.1
31.9
6.9
5.6
7.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
40.0
50.0
30.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
18.0
16.7
20.0
8.0
20.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
31.2
33.3
30.8
9.6
11.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
34.6
42.5
29.6
6.9
4.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
23.2
16.7
25.6
5.1
7.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
52.2
63.6
14.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
55.6
71.4
33.8
5.1
12.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
39.9
52.2
35.3
15.5
16.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
52.9
52.9
100.0
100.0
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
21.6
26.1
W.P. Labuan
21.8
28.6
Sarawak
28.5
25.4
MALAYSIA
29.1
37.3
10.0
13.0
19.9
12.1
12.3
12.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
17.3
7.2
50.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.3
9.1
9.1
9.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
25.5
10.0
8.7
10.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
64
Jadual 4.12: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut kemudahan kutipan sampah, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.12: Percentage distribution of poor households by garbage collection facility, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Tempat kediaman
Kawasan **
Tiada
Jumlah
Negeri
Living quarters
Area
None
Total
State
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Jumlah Bandar Luar
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Bandar
Total
Urban
Rural
Johor
35.5
57.9
16.7
13.5
21.1
7.1
51.0
21.0
76.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kedah
4.6
3.7
4.8
20.8
59.3
12.4
74.6
37.0
82.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
Kelantan
3.6
13.9
0.7
16.5
44.4
8.7
79.9
41.7
90.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Melaka
60.1
100.0
20.0
39.9
80.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
28.0
33.3
20.0
29.9
50.0
42.1
16.7
80.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pahang
15.2
33.3
11.5
7.0
22.2
3.9
77.8
44.5
84.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perak
25.1
47.5
11.1
5.3
10.0
2.5
69.6
42.5
86.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
Perlis
7.8
16.7
4.7
6.6
25.0
85.6
58.3
95.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
Pulau Pinang
33.6
40.9
9.5
43.6
40.9
52.4
22.8
18.2
38.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
Selangor
43.9
57.1
25.7
32.8
42.9
18.9
23.3
55.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
7.9
13.0
5.9
39.4
34.8
41.2
52.7
52.2
52.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
29.4
29.4
70.6
70.6
100.0
100.0
Sabah
2.9
7.1
1.2
5.6
14.2
2.2
91.5
78.7
96.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
W.P. Labuan
5.5
7.1
83.2
85.7
75.0
11.4
7.1
25.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Sarawak
14.9
34.5
9.2
29.4
58.2
21.1
55.7
7.3
69.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
MALAYSIA
11.2
24.8
5.3
15.1
29.3
8.8
73.7
45.9
85.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
Terengganu
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
** Kutipan sampah di tempat pengumpulan yang jaraknya melebihi 100 meter dari tempat kediaman
Garbage collection at the collection centre located more than 100 metres from living quarters
65
Jadual 4.13: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.13: Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kereta
Negeri
State
Motosikal/
Basikal
Alat pendingin
skuter
Car
Mesin basuh
Peti sejuk
Washing
Refrigerator
hawa
Motor cycle/
Bicycle
Air-conditioner
scooter
machine
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
30.0
79.1
44.7
3.7
88.9
91.3
Kedah
34.4
90.0
51.4
0.6
77.0
88.0
Kelantan
37.3
82.6
44.6
0.6
70.2
80.6
Melaka
30.1
39.9
10.0
65.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
10.0
54.0
28.0
10.0
57.9
92.0
Pahang
21.6
77.1
22.2
43.2
49.6
Perak
24.8
78.2
64.5
1.7
66.4
88.6
Perlis
24.5
79.8
63.3
78.6
83.1
Pulau Pinang
20.8
58.5
73.5
1.1
57.4
93.2
Selangor
14.4
41.4
32.9
2.8
73.4
80.8
Terengganu
43.2
88.1
42.0
1.2
84.8
90.3
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
17.7
47.1
11.8
70.6
100.0
Sabah
12.7
12.6
8.5
0.7
26.6
49.0
W.P. Labuan
30.7
11.4
19.3
5.5
72.3
100.0
7.5
47.8
26.2
2.8
29.1
62.9
19.5
45.7
28.2
1.3
47.4
66.9
W.P. Putrajaya
Sarawak
MALAYSIA
66
Jadual 4.13: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 4.13: Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Dapur masak
Dapur
Dapur
Ketuhar
Negeri
gas/elektrik
minyak tanah
kayu/arang
gelombang mikro
Radio/Hi-fi
State
Gas/
Kerosene
Wood/
Microwave oven
electric stove
stove
charcoal stove
Televisyen
Television
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
100.0
3.7
52.9
96.1
Kedah
96.4
0.6
8.5
1.2
60.3
93.2
Kelantan
96.0
2.3
14.3
0.6
55.8
90.8
Melaka
100.0
5.0
65.0
95.0
Negeri Sembilan
100.0
10.0
18.0
19.9
47.9
100.0
Pahang
77.6
31.9
13.4
40.8
80.8
Perak
93.9
3.6
2.5
6.7
62.2
91.4
Perlis
98.9
1.1
1.7
54.9
93.3
Pulau Pinang
91.9
3.5
3.5
42.5
95.4
Selangor
98.9
0.6
1.7
38.7
96.0
Terengganu
98.3
0.9
3.8
53.2
93.9
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
88.2
5.9
47.1
100.0
89.5
1.6
34.0
1.4
37.2
76.7
100.0
32.7
42.1
100.0
Sarawak
93.2
18.9
49.9
3.9
49.9
82.3
MALAYSIA
92.5
3.5
23.8
2.8
46.3
84.6
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
W.P. Labuan
67
Jadual 4.13: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 4.13: Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Negeri
Video/VCD/
Telefon
DVD
talian tetap
State
Telefon bimbit
Fixed-line
Mobile phone
telephone
Komputer
Langganan
peribadi
internet
Personal
Internet
computer
subscription
JUMLAH/TOTAL
Johor
58.2
23.7
84.9
5.0
Kedah
43.7
7.8
86.2
4.5
Kelantan
36.1
5.9
81.0
4.0
0.6
Melaka
55.0
15.0
60.0
5.0
Negeri Sembilan
47.9
28.0
83.9
10.0
10.0
Pahang
49.6
13.4
67.5
6.4
6.4
Perak
45.4
15.1
66.3
1.9
Perlis
36.7
12.5
81.4
6.1
1.1
Pulau Pinang
54.2
12.7
88.6
9.2
Selangor
33.6
4.0
80.9
0.6
Terengganu
41.6
16.2
87.6
4.6
0.9
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
41.2
17.7
88.2
11.8
5.9
Sabah
46.1
3.3
73.2
1.6
0.2
W.P. Labuan
63.9
3.0
100.0
3.0
3.0
Sarawak
51.9
7.8
67.5
2.4
MALAYSIA
45.9
7.8
75.5
2.9
0.5
W.P. Putrajaya
* Termasuk/Including W.P. Labuan
68
Jadual 4.14: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 4.14: Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
(%)
Kereta
Negeri
State
Motosikal/
Basikal
skuter
Car
Alat pendingin
Mesin basuh
Peti sejuk
Washing
Refrigerator
hawa
Motor cycle/
Bicycle
Air-conditioner
scooter
machine
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
31.6
68.4
52.6
5.3
84.2
89.5
Kedah
37.0
85.2
59.3
85.2
96.3
Kelantan
36.1
72.2
69.4
2.8
77.8
88.9
Melaka
50.0
50.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
16.7
50.0
33.3
16.7
83.3
100.0
Pahang
33.3
77.8
55.6
66.7
66.7
Perak
25.0
75.0
65.0
2.5
70.0
90.0
Perlis
8.3
62.5
58.3
70.8
75.0
22.7
54.6
72.7
54.6
95.5
7.1
21.4
21.4
78.6
78.6
Terengganu
39.1
78.3
56.5
4.4
91.3
95.7
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
17.7
47.1
11.8
70.6
100.0
Sabah
12.8
6.2
6.2
2.4
47.4
67.3
W.P. Labuan
28.6
7.1
21.4
7.1
71.4
100.0
Sarawak
23.6
41.8
30.9
9.1
47.3
70.9
MALAYSIA
20.5
37.9
31.6
2.9
61.9
79.4
Pulau Pinang
Selangor
W.P. Putrajaya
69
Jadual 4.14: Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009 (samb.)
Table 4.14: Percentage distribution of poor households by items used, state and stratum, Malaysia, 2009 (cont'd)
(%)
Dapur masak
Dapur
Dapur
Ketuhar
Negeri
gas/elektrik
minyak tanah
kayu/arang
gelombang mikro
Radio/Hi-fi
State
Gas/
Kerosene
Wood/
Microwave oven
electric stove
stove
charcoal stove
Televisyen
Television
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
100.0
5.3
42.1
100.0
Kedah
92.6
3.7
74.1
100.0
Kelantan
94.4
2.8
8.3
56.3
88.9
Melaka
100.0
50.0
100.0
Negeri Sembilan
100.0
16.7
16.7
33.3
66.7
100.0
Pahang
100.0
22.2
33.3
100.0
Perak
90.0
7.5
2.5
7.5
65.0
97.5
Perlis
95.8
4.2
45.8
87.5
Pulau Pinang
90.9
4.6
4.6
40.9
95.5
Selangor
100.0
28.6
100.0
Terengganu
100.0
4.4
69.6
87.0
88.2
5.9
47.1
100.0
94.8
1.4
8.1
2.8
46.9
88.2
100.0
42.9
35.7
100.0
Sarawak
98.2
14.6
16.4
10.9
63.6
90.9
MALAYSIA
95.1
3.0
5.8
5.0
51.2
93.0
W.P. Kuala Lumpur

W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
W.P. Labuan
70
(%)
Negeri
Video/VCD/
Telefon
DVD
talian tetap
State
Telefon bimbit
Fixed-line
Mobile phone
telephone
Komputer
Langganan
peribadi
internet
Personal
Internet
computer
subscription
BANDAR/URBAN
Johor
73.7
26.3
89.5
5.3
Kedah
70.4
14.8
92.6
Kelantan
30.6
16.7
77.8
5.6
2.8
Melaka
50.0
50.0
Negeri Sembilan
66.7
33.3
100.0
16.7
16.7
Pahang
66.7
22.2
77.8
Perak
55.0
7.5
77.5
5.0
Perlis
41.7
8.3
75.0
16.7
4.2
Pulau Pinang
59.1
13.6
90.9
9.1
Selangor
28.6
85.7
Terengganu
52.2
21.7
82.6
4.4
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
41.2
17.7
88.2
11.8
5.9
Sabah
54.5
5.2
84.4
3.3
W.P. Labuan
64.3
100.0
Sarawak
72.7
12.7
94.6
7.3
MALAYSIA
55.3
10.2
85.4
4.5
0.6
W.P. Putrajaya
71
(%)
Kereta
Negeri
State
Motosikal/
Basikal
Alat pendingin
skuter
Car
Mesin basuh
Peti sejuk
Washing
Refrigerator
hawa
Motor cycle/
Bicycle
Air-conditioner
scooter
machine
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
28.6
88.1
38.1
2.4
92.9
92.9
Kedah
33.8
91.0
49.7
0.7
75.2
86.2
Kelantan
37.7
85.5
37.7
68.1
78.3
Melaka
10.0
80.0
20.0
80.0
100.0
60.0
20.0
20.0
80.0
Pahang
19.2
76.9
15.4
38.5
46.2
Perak
24.7
80.3
64.2
1.2
64.2
87.7
Perlis
30.2
86.1
65.1
81.4
86.1
Pulau Pinang
14.3
71.4
76.2
4.8
66.7
85.7
Selangor
24.3
68.9
48.7
6.8
66.2
83.8
Terengganu
44.7
91.8
36.5
82.4
88.2
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
12.6
15.1
9.3
18.5
41.9
W.P. Labuan
37.5
25.0
12.5
75.0
100.0
2.8
49.5
24.8
0.9
23.9
60.6
19.1
49.2
26.7
0.6
41.1
61.5
Negeri Sembilan
Sarawak
MALAYSIA
72
(%)
Dapur masak
Dapur
Dapur
Ketuhar
Negeri
gas/elektrik
minyak tanah
kayu/arang
gelombang mikro
Radio/Hi-fi
State
Gas/
Kerosene
Wood/
Microwave oven
electric stove
stove
charcoal stove
Televisyen
Television
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
100.0
2.4
61.9
92.9
Kedah
97.2
0.7
10.3
0.7
57.2
91.7
Kelantan
96.4
2.2
15.9
0.7
55.1
91.3
Melaka
100.0
10.0
80.0
90.0
Negeri Sembilan
100.0
20.0
20.0
100.0
Pahang
73.1
38.5
11.5
42.3
76.9
Perak
96.3
1.2
2.5
6.2
60.5
87.7
Perlis
100.0
2.3
58.1
95.4
Pulau Pinang
95.2
47.6
95.2
Selangor
97.3
1.4
4.1
52.7
90.5
Terengganu
97.7
1.2
3.5
47.1
96.5
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
87.5
1.7
44.1
0.8
33.4
72.3
100.0
62.5
100.0
Sarawak
91.7
20.2
59.6
1.8
45.9
79.8
MALAYSIA
91.3
3.8
31.7
1.8
44.2
80.9
Sabah
W.P. Labuan
73
(%)
Negeri
Video/VCD/
Telefon
DVD
talian tetap
State
Telefon bimbit
Fixed-line
Mobile phone
telephone
Komputer
Langganan
peribadi
internet
Personal
Internet
computer
subscription
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Johor
45.2
21.4
81.0
4.8
Kedah
37.9
6.2
84.8
5.5
Kelantan
37.7
2.9
81.9
3.6
Melaka
60.0
30.0
70.0
10.0
Negeri Sembilan
20.0
20.0
60.0
Pahang
46.2
11.5
65.4
7.7
7.7
Perak
39.5
19.8
59.3
Perlis
34.9
14.0
83.7
2.3
Pulau Pinang
38.1
9.5
81.0
9.5
Selangor
40.5
9.5
74.3
1.4
Terengganu
37.7
14.1
89.4
4.7
1.2
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Sabah
42.9
2.6
68.8
1.0
0.3
W.P. Labuan
62.5
12.5
100.0
12.5
12.5
Sarawak
45.9
6.4
59.6
0.9
MALAYSIA
41.8
6.8
71.2
2.3
0.5
74
JADUAL RALAT PIAWAI

TABLES OF STANDARD ERROR
Jadual 5: Ralat piawai bagi anggaran pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata mengikut kumpulan etnik dan strata, Malaysia, 2009
Table 5: Standard error of estimates for mean monthly household income by ethnic group and stratum, Malaysia, 2009
Pendapatan
isi rumah
Ralat piawai bagi anggaran
Julat pendapatan
Standard error of estimate
purata pada 95%
Kumpulan etnik
bulanan purata
Nilai relatif
Nilai mutlak
selang keyakinan
Ethnic group
Mean monthly
Relative value
Absolute value
Range of average
household
income at 95%
income
(RM)
confidence interval
(%)
(RM)
(RM)
JUMLAH/TOTAL
3,940
0.6
24
3,892
3,988
Jumlah/Total
4,025
0.6
25
3,976
4,075
Bumiputera
3,624
0.8
28
3,568
3,679
Cina/Chinese
5,011
1.2
61
4,892
5,130
India/Indians
3,999
2.4
96
3,811
4,187
Lain-lain/Others
3,640
13.9
506
2,648
4,633
BANDAR/URBAN
4,633
0.5
25
4,583
4,683
Jumlah/Total
4,705
0.8
36
4,634
4,775
Bumiputera
4,458
1.0
46
4,367
4,549
Cina/Chinese
5,222
1.3
67
5,090
5,353
India/Indians
4,243
2.6
111
4,024
4,461
Lain-lain/Others
4,830
17.4
838
3,187
6,474
2,471
3.7
92
2,292
2,651
2,545
0.7
18
2,509
2,581
Bumiputera
2,460
0.8
19
2,422
2,498
Cina/Chinese
3,318
2.2
73
3,174
3,462
India/Indians
2,644
3.2
85
2,477
2,810
Lain-lain/Others
1,995
7.8
155
1,691
2,299
LUAR BANDAR/RURAL
Jumlah/Total
75
NOTA TEKNIKAL
NOTA TEKNIKAL
1.
Pendahuluan
Penyiasatan Pendapatan Isi Rumah/Kemudahan Asas (PPIR/KA) 2009 merupakan
penyiasatan pendapatan terkini yang dijalankan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia
selepas penyiasatan terakhir dijalankan pada tahun 2007. Penyiasatan ini dijalankan
dengan kekerapan dua kali dalam tempoh lima tahun. Penerbitan ini menyediakan
data pendapatan, kemiskinan dan kemudahan asas di peringkat nasional dan negeri
bagi warganegara sahaja.
2.
Objektif penyiasatan
2.1
Objektif utama penyiasatan adalah seperti berikut:
mengumpul maklumat pola taburan pendapatan isi rumah;
mengenal pasti golongan miskin; dan
mengenal pasti tahap kemudahan asas yang dinikmati oleh isi rumah
miskin.
2.2
Data daripada penyiasatan ini digunakan oleh kerajaan sebagai input dalam
pembentukan pelan pembangunan negara terutamanya dalam penyediaan
Rancangan Malaysia Kesepuluh.
3.
Kaedah pengumpulan data
3.1
Pengumpulan data dijalankan dengan menggunakan kaedah temu ramah

bersemuka. Pegawai dan anggota Jabatan yang terlibat dalam penyiasatan ini
diberikan latihan khusus sebagai penemu ramah. Mereka akan melawat isi
rumah (IR) di tempat kediaman terpilih bagi mengumpul maklumat berkaitan
demografi, pendapatan dan kemudahan asas dengan menggunakan borang soal
selidik.
3.2
Penyemakan kerja luar dibuat oleh pegawai berpengalaman dari Jabatan

Perangkaan Negeri bagi mengesan dan membetulkan sebarang kesilapan atau
maklumat yang tertinggal ketika penyiasatan. Di samping itu, temu ramah
ulangan bagi sesetengah isi rumah terpilih dilaksanakan bagi memastikan kualiti
data yang dipungut.
77
4.
Tempoh rujukan
Tempoh rujukan bagi maklumat pendapatan isi rumah adalah bagi tempoh dua belas
bulan yang lalu. Sebagai contohnya, jika bulan penyiasatan ialah Julai 2009, maka
pendapatan yang dikira adalah dari 1 Julai 2008 sehingga 30 Jun 2009. Tempoh
PPIR/KA 2009 adalah berbeza berbanding dengan penyiasatan yang lepas di mana
PPIR/KA 2009 bermula pada bulan April 2009 dan berakhir pada Mac 2010 manakala
bagi PPIR/KA 2007 bermula pada bulan Julai 2007 dan berakhir pada Disember
2007.
5.
Liputan dan skop
5.1
Penyiasatan ini meliputi kedua-dua kawasan bandar dan luar bandar bagi negerinegeri di Malaysia kecuali Blok Penghitungan (BP) Orang Asli di Semenanjung
Malaysia. Pada kebiasaannya, BP yang berada di kawasan pedalaman tidak
diliputi dalam rangka pensampelan. Walau bagaimanapun, bagi penyiasatan
yang terkini, Jabatan telah memperluaskan liputan penyiasatan dengan
melibatkan BP di kawasan ini.
5.2
Penyiasatan ini meliputi isi rumah yang tinggal di tempat kediaman (TK)
persendirian sahaja.
Isi rumah institusi iaitu mereka yang tinggal di asrama,
hotel, hospital, rumah orang tua, berek tentera dan polis, penjara, rumah
kebajikan dan institusi lain yang serupa tidak dimasukkan dalam rangka
penyiasatan.
5.3
Maklumat terperinci tentang pendapatan diperoleh daripada ahli isi rumah yang
menerima pendapatan.
Berdasarkan kepada garis panduan A Provisional
Framework for Household Income, Consumption, Saving and Wealth yang

diterbitkan oleh Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)
dan Final Report and
Recommendations of the Expert Group on the Household Income Statistics (The

Canberra Group 2001), punca pendapatan adalah merangkumi:
(i)
penerimaan daripada pekerjaan bergaji (termasuk upah dan gaji, elaun

tunai, bonus, komisen, bayaran kerja lebih masa, makanan percuma,
tempat menginap percuma atau konsesi, barang pengguna percuma atau
konsesi, bayaran berupa mata benda dan pencaruman majikan kepada
KWSP/ PERKESO);
78
(ii)
pendapatan daripada bekerja sendiri (termasuk nilai barang yang

dikeluarkan di rumah untuk kegunaan sendiri);
(iii)
pendapatan daripada harta benda (termasuk royalti, sewaan, faedah dan

dividen);
(iv)
penerimaan pindahan semasa (termasuk penerimaan wang daripada isi

rumah lain, bayaran nafkah, biasiswa, fellowships, pencen, pembayaran
berkala daripada harta pusaka atau tabung amanah dan hadiah berupa
wang tunai atau mata benda yang diterima); dan
(v)
lain-lain pendapatan ( termasuk sewa dinilai bagi rumah yang diduduki

oleh pemilik).
5.4
Komponen kemudahan asas yang diliputi adalah pendidikan, kesihatan,

perumahan dan peralatan isi rumah. Walau bagaimanapun bagi tujuan
penerbitan,
hanya
maklumat
terpilih
sahaja
diberi
perhatian
untuk
menggambarkan tahap kemudahan asas yang dinikmati oleh penduduk,

khususnya isi rumah miskin.
(i)
Persekolahan meliputi jarak institusi pendidikan dari tempat kediaman.

Bagi kanak-kanak yang dalam lingkungan umur bersekolah tetapi tidak
bersekolah, sebab utama mereka tidak bersekolah akan ditanya;
(ii)
Kesihatan meliputi maklumat tentang jarak institusi kesihatan kerajaan

atau swasta dari tempat kediaman;
(iii)
Perumahan meliputi maklumat seperti jenis pemilikan, keadaan rumah,

bilangan bilik tidur, jenis bahan binaan untuk dinding luar, jenis tandas yang
digunakan, kemudahan bekalan air, kemudahan bekalan elektrik dan
kemudahan kutipan sampah; dan
(iv)
Peralatan isi rumah meliputi peralatan yang dimiliki oleh ahli isi
rumah untuk kegunaan sendiri seperti kereta, mesin basuh, telefon dan
sebagainya.
79
6.
Rangka pensampelan
6.1
Rangka yang digunakan bagi pemilihan sampel PPIR/KA 2009 adalah

berdasarkan Rangka Pensampelan Isi Rumah Kebangsaan (RPIK) yang terdiri
daripada blok penghitungan (BP) yang diwujudkan untuk Banci Penduduk dan
Perumahan 2000. BP dari segi geografi adalah suatu kawasan muka bumi yang
diwujudkan secara rekaan dan mempunyai sempadan tertentu. Secara purata,
BP mengandungi antara 80 hingga 120 TK. Pada amnya, kesemua BP dibentuk
di dalam lingkungan sempadan yang diwartakan iaitu di dalam daerah
pentadbiran, mukim atau pihak berkuasa tempatan.
6.2
BP dalam rangka pensampelan dikelaskan mengikut kawasan bandar dan luar

bandar. Kawasan bandar ditakrif sebagaimana yang telah digunakan dalam
Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan 2000. Kawasan bandar ialah kawasan yang
diwartakan serta kawasan tepu bina yang bersempadan dengannya dan
gabungan kedua-dua kawasan ini mempunyai penduduk seramai 10,000 orang
atau lebih semasa Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan 2000. Kawasan selainnya
yang diwartakan dan mempunyai jumlah penduduk kurang daripada 10,000
orang serta kawasan yang tidak diwartakan dikelaskan sebagai luar bandar.
6.3
Kawasan tepu bina adalah kawasan yang terletak bersebelahan kawasan yang
diwartakan dan mempunyai sekurang-kurangnya 60 peratus penduduk (berumur
10 tahun dan lebih) yang terlibat dalam aktiviti bukan pertanian serta unit-unit
perumahannya mempunyai kemudahan tandas moden.
6.4
Perbandaran merupakan proses yang dinamik dan sentiasa berubah mengikut

kemajuan dan pembangunan. Oleh itu, kawasan bandar bagi banci tahun 1991
dan 2000, tidak semestinya merujuk kepada kawasan yang sama kerana
kawasan yang memenuhi kriteria bandar akan terus bertambah dan berkembang
mengikut masa.
80
6.5
Pengelasan kawasan mengikut strata yang digunakan adalah seperti berikut:
Jumlah penduduk dalam kawasan

Strata
yang diwartakan dan tepubina
(i)
Metropolitan
75,000 dan lebih
(ii)
Bandar Besar
10,000 hingga 74,999
(iii)
Bandar Kecil
1,000 hingga 9,999
(iv)
Luar Bandar
Kawasan selebihnya
6.6 Bagi tujuan pensampelan, pengelasan yang luas seperti di atas adalah memadai
untuk semua negeri serta Wilayah Persekutuan.
Namun bagi Sabah dan
Sarawak, memandangkan masalah kesukaran untuk akses ke kawasan

pedalaman, strata luar bandar dipecahkan lagi berdasarkan kepada jangka waktu
yang diambil untuk sampai ke sesuatu tempat dari pusat bandar yang terdekat.
6.7 Bagi tujuan penjadualan, strata-strata dicantumkan seperti berikut:
7.
Bandar
Metropolitan + Bandar besar
Luar bandar
Bandar kecil + Keseluruhan luar bandar
Reka bentuk pensampelan
7.1
Reka bentuk pensampelan berstrata dua peringkat telah digunakan yang mana
pembentukan strata adalah seperti berikut:
i) Strata utama -
terdiri daripada negeri-negeri di Malaysia
ii) Strata kedua -
terdiri daripada strata bandar dan luar bandar seperti yang

dinyatakan di perkara 6.5 dan dibentuk dalam strata
utama.
7.2
Sampel-sampel telah dipilih secara bebas bagi setiap peringkat pada strata
kedua.
Unit
pensampelan
peringkat
pertama
ialah
BP
manakala
unit
pensampelan peringkat kedua ialah TK dalam BP tersebut. TK terpilih meliputi

kesemua isi rumah dan orang yang tinggal di dalamnya. Di setiap peringkat
pemilihan, unit-unit telah dipilih secara sistematik dengan kebarangkalian yang
sama dalam strata kedua.
81
8.
Saiz sampel
8. 1 Saiz sampel yang diperlukan adalah berdasarkan kepada ralat piawai relatif data
penyiasatan terdahulu bagi setiap strata dan negeri. Faktor lain seperti kos dan
keperluan anggota juga diambil kira dalam menentukan saiz sampel.
8.2
Saiz sampel yang terpilih adalah seperti berikut:

Jadual 1: Taburan bilangan BP, TK Terpilih dan bilangan isi rumah yang
respons mengikut negeri
9.
Negeri
Bilangan
BP
Bilangan
TK
Bilangan IR
yang Respons
Johor
Kedah
Kelantan
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan
Pahang
Perak
Perlis
Pulau Pinang
Selangor
Terengganu
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
W.P. Putrajaya
Semenanjung Malaysia
Sabah
W.P. Labuan
Sarawak
587
364
435
199
212
280
457
155
382
726
290
452
52
4,591
748
83
498
4,696
2,912
3,480
1,592
1,696
2,240
3,656
1,240
3,056
5,808
2,320
3,616
416
36,728
5,984
664
3,984
4,182
3,222
3,681
1,527
1,531
2,072
3,361
1,196
3,286
5,865
2,574
2,746
365
35,608
5,750
581
3,866
Malaysia
5,920
47,360
45,805
Konsep dan definisi
9.1
Tempat kediaman
Tempat Kediaman adalah suatu struktur yang dibina berasingan dan bebas yang
lazimnya digunakan untuk tempat tinggal. Takrifan perkataan berasingan dan
bebas adalah seperti berikut:
82
Berasingan
Struktur dianggap sebagai berasingan jika ia dikelilingi oleh dinding, pagar
dan sebagainya serta ditutupi oleh bumbung.
Bebas
Struktur dikatakan bebas apabila ia mempunyai jalan masuk terus dari
tangga umum, tempat lalu lintas atau ruang lapang (iaitu penghuni boleh
masuk atau keluar dari tempat kediaman mereka tanpa melalui
perkarangan orang lain).
9.2
Isi rumah
Isi rumah ditakrifkan sebagai seorang atau sekumpulan orang yang bersaudara
dan/atau orang yang tidak bersaudara yang biasanya tinggal bersama dan
membuat peruntukan yang sama untuk makanan dan keperluan hidup yang lain.
9.3
Pendapatan isi rumah
Pendapatan isi rumah ialah jumlah pendapatan terakru kepada ahli isi rumah,
dalam bentuk wang tunai dan/atau mata benda yang berlaku berulang kali dalam
jangka masa setahun atau lebih kerap lagi.
9.4
Penerima pendapatan
Penerima pendapatan merujuk kepada ahli isi rumah yang menerima

pendapatan dalam tempoh rujukan.
9.5
Kumpulan etnik
Klasifikasi kumpulan etnik adalah berdasarkan klasifikasi yang telah digunakan

dalam Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan 2000. Pengelasan tersebut adalah
seperti berikut:
83
Sabah, Sarawak & W.P. Labuan
Warganegara Malaysia
Bumiputera
Warganegara Malaysia
Bumiputera
Cina
Cina
India
Lain-lain
Lain-lain
Bukan warganegara
9.6
Bukan warganegara
Kemiskinan
Konsep kemiskinan yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan kepada kaedah yang
telah diperkenal pada tahun 2004 iaitu dengan mengambil kira PGK makanan
dan PGK bukan makanan bagi setiap isi rumah yang dilawati. PGK ditakrifkan
secara berasingan bagi setiap isi rumah dalam PPIR/KA. Setiap PGK ini
mengambil kira perkara-perkara berikut:
(i) Saiz isi rumah dan komposisi demografi
Isi rumah yang mempunyai bilangan ahli yang ramai memerlukan lebih
perbelanjaan untuk makanan dan bukan makanan bagi mencapai taraf
hidup yang memuaskan untuk semua ahlinya. Oleh kerana keperluan
kalori berbeza di antara jantina dan peringkat umur, maka PGK
makanan akan berbeza mengikut komposisi demografi isi rumah.
(ii) Lokasi isi rumah: Negeri dan strata (bandar/luar bandar)
Harga bagi makanan dan bukan makanan berbeza secara ketara antara
negeri dan antara kawasan bandar dengan luar bandar. Sebagai
contoh, harga di Kuala Lumpur biasanya lebih tinggi daripada kawasan
lain. PGK baru ini mengambil kira perbezaan harga ini.
9.7
Sesebuah isi rumah dalam PPIR/KA dianggap miskin jika pendapatannya

kurang daripada PGKnya. Ini bermaksud isi rumah tersebut kekurangan
sumber untuk memenuhi keperluan asas makanan dan bukan makanan bagi
setiap ahlinya. Sesebuah isi rumah dianggap miskin tegar jika pendapatannya
kurang daripada PGK makanannya. PGK bagi setiap isi rumah adalah berbeza
mengikut lokasi (negeri dan strata), saiz isi rumah dan komposisi demografi.
84
9.8
PGK Makanan
Komponen makanan dalam PGK ini ditetapkan berdasarkan kepada nasihat
pakar pemakanan, pakar diet dan pakar perubatan daripada Kementerian
Kesihatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia dan Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Jumlah keperluan kilo kalori bagi satu keluarga seramai 5 orang ialah sebanyak
8,725 sehari.
Keperluan harian kilo kalori bagi setiap individu adalah
mengandungi pemakanan yang seimbang yang terdiri daripada bijirin dan produk
bijirin (beras, tepung gandum); ayam, telur dan ikan; susu; minyak dan lemak;
gula; sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan; dan kekacang. Keperluan kilo kalori
seterusnya ditukarkan kepada nilai ringgit mengikut harga runcit setiap kawasan.
9.9
PGK Bukan Makanan

Komponen PGK Bukan Makanan dikira berasaskan kepada pola perbelanjaan isi
rumah
berpendapatan
rendah
yang
dikenal
pasti
melalui
Penyiasatan
Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah.

Komponen PGK bukan makanan ialah:
Pakaian dan kasut;
Sewa kasar, bahan api dan kuasa;
Barang tahan lama (perabot, peralatan dan kelengkapan isi rumah)
Pengangkutan dan perhubungan; dan
Lain-lain perkara bukan makanan
Jadual 2: Pendapatan Garis Kemiskinan bagi tahun 2009 mengikut

kawasan
Kawasan
Jumlah
Bandar
Luar Bandar
(RM) sebulan
Sabah/W.P. Labuan
Sarawak
Malaysia
763
1,048
912
800
85
771
1,022
938
800
743
1,082
884
801
9.10 Pengiraan Kadar Kemiskinan
PGK bagi setiap isi rumah adalah berbeza mengikut lokasi (negeri dan strata),
saiz isi rumah dan komposisi demografi. Kadar kemiskinan isi rumah kemudian
dikira dengan menggunakan dua cara seperti berikut:
(i)
Kadar Kemiskinan
Pengiraan ini merangkumi kesemua isi rumah yang mempunyai pendapatan

kasar bulanan di bawah Pendapatan Garis Kemiskinan.
Formula bagi
pengiraan Kadar Kemiskinan (KK) ialah:
KK
Bilangan isi rumah berpendapatan

di bawah PGKnya
100
Jumlah isi rumah
(ii)
Kadar Kemiskinan Tegar
Pengiraan ini merangkumi kesemua isi rumah yang mempunyai pendapatan

kasar bulanan di bawah Pendapatan Garis Kemiskinan Makanan.
Formula bagi pengiraan Kadar Kemiskinan Tegar (KKT) ialah:
KKT
Bilangan isi rumah berpendapatan

di bawah PGK makanannya
100
Jumlah isi rumah
10.
Penilaian data
Data
yang
diperoleh
daripada
penyiasatan
berdasarkan
pemilihan
sampel
berkemungkinan mempunyai dua jenis ralat. Ralat yang dimaksudkan ialah ralat
pensampelan dan ralat bukan pensampelan.
(i)
Ralat Pensampelan
Ralat pensampelan berpunca daripada anggaran data yang dibuat

berasaskan sampel berkebarangkalian, bukan berdasarkan banci. Dari segi
86
statistik, ralat ini dikenali sebagai ralat piawai relatif (RPR) dan dinyatakan
dalam bentuk peratusan. Ia digunakan sebagai penunjuk kepada
kepersisan anggaran parameter yang dikaji.
Dengan kata lain ia boleh
memberi gambaran tahap variasi anggaran penyiasatan berbanding

dengan anggaran lain yang berdasarkan pemilihan sampel.
Bagi PPIR/KA 2009, pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan purata peringkat
Malaysia ialah RM4,025 dengan RSE 0.63 peratus. Dalam erti kata lain,
ralat piawai (RP) ialah lebih kurang RM25. Dengan andaian pendapatan isi
rumah purata tertabur secara normal, maka selang keyakinan anggaran
pendapatan purata dapat dihitung. Berasaskan 95 peratus paras keyakinan
(=0.05), pendapatan isi rumah kasar bulanan purata boleh berada dalam
batasan antara RM3,975.75 RM4,074.89 sebulan.
(ii)
Ralat Bukan Pensampelan
Bagi memastikan kualiti data berada pada tahap yang tinggi, beberapa
langkah telah diambil supaya ralat bukan pensampelan berada di tahap
minima. Berbeza dengan ralat pensampelan, ralat ini tidak boleh diukur
dan hanya boleh diatasi melalui beberapa langkah pentadbiran. Ralat ini
boleh berpunca daripada liputan penyiasatan yang tidak lengkap,
kelemahan rangka, ralat maklumbalas, ralat tiada sambutan dan kesilapan
semasa prosesan seperti di peringkat penyuntingan, pengekodan dan
tangkapan data.
Ralat maklum balas boleh berlaku disebabkan kesukaran dan perbezaan
dalam tafsiran soalan, sama ada daripada penemu ramah ataupun
responden. Bagi meminimumkan ralat ini, latihan intensif kepada penyelia
dan penemu ramah telah dijalankan. Tambahan pula, semakan rambang
dijalankan ke atas isi rumah yang telah diliputi oleh penemu ramah untuk
memastikan kesahihan maklumbalas yang dicatatkan. Untuk memastikan
liputan penyiasatan yang menyeluruh, rangka sampel dikemaskini dan
tempat kediaman telah dipilih selepas penyenaraian BP dijalankan.
Ralat tiada sambutan berpunca daripada beberapa sebab seperti TK
kosong, tiada orang di rumah, enggan bekerjasama atau TK tidak layak
diliputi dalam penyiasatan.
Bagi mengatasi kes-kes yang sedemikian,
87
penganggaran saiz sampel yang ditentukan dalam penyiasatan ini telah

mengambil kira semua kemungkinan yang akan dihadapi seperti yang
dinyatakan. Bagi PPIR/KA 2009, bilangan isi rumah yang respon mengikut
negeri adalah seperti di Jadual 1.
Pengemaskinian rangka pensampelan dengan lebih kerap dipergiatkan

bagi mengurangkan kadar tiada sambutan berpunca daripada TK kosong,.
Publisiti yang meluas dilaksanakan melalui media elektronik serta media
cetak bagi mengurangkan kes tiada orang di rumah dan enggan
bekerjasama.
Berhubung dengan ralat penyuntingan dan prosesan,
beberapa peringkat semakan konsistensi telah diwujudkan, sama ada

secara manual atau dengan bantuan komputer
bagi memastikan
penghasilan data yang bermutu dan boleh diterima pakai.
11.
Pekali Gini
11.1
Pekali Gini (G) ialah ukuran pemusatan pendapatan berdasarkan Keluk Lorenz.
Keluk ini didapati dengan memplot peratus isi rumah kumulatif pada paksi X
dan peratus jumlah pendapatan kumulatif yang diterima oleh isi rumah pada
paksi Y. [Nilai pekali Gini berada antara 0 dan 1, di mana 0 menunjukkan
agihan pendapatan yang saksama, manakala nilai 1 menunjukkan agihan
pendapatan yang paling tidak saksama.]
11.2
Pekali Gini (G) ditakrifkan sebagai nisbah kadaran keluasan di antara garis
pepenjuru dan keluk Lorenz (A) kepada keluasan di bawah garis pepenjuru
(A+B) seperti dalam Rajah 1, di mana
G =
A
A+B
Luas kawasan antara keluk dan pepenjuru

Luas kawasan di bawah garis pepenjuru
0.5 - luas kawasan di bawah keluk

0.5
atau secara matematiknya:
k
1 - ( fi+1 - if ) ( Yi + Yi+1 )
i
88
RAJAH 1
Keluk Lorenz
Agihan
Pendapatan
Kumulatif
A
Yi+1
Yi
fi
fi+1
Agihan Isi Rumah Kumulatif
12.
Kadar pertumbuhan purata tahunan
Pengiraan kadar pertumbuhan purata tahunan adalah berdasarkan kepada fungsi

geometrik seperti berikut:
di mana;
kadar pertumbuhan purata tahunan;
purata pendapatan isi rumah;
t
13.
tempoh masa.
Batasan ukuran pendapatan
Bagi tujuan penjadualan, pendapatan kasar isi rumah telah digunakan. Pendapatan
kasar isi rumah tidak mengambil kira bayaran pindahan semasa terutama cukai
pendapatan yang dibayar oleh isi rumah yang berpendapatan tinggi.
Begitu juga,
kesan taburan perbelanjaan awam tidak digambarkan dalam penyiasatan kerana

kesukaran untuk mengira faedahnya sebagai sebahagian daripada pendapatan isi
rumah.
Perbelanjaan awam sedemikian akan menguntungkan isi rumah yang
berpendapatan rendah yang mana imputasi ke atas faedah-faedah tersebut akan
89
meningkatkan jumlah pendapatan mereka. Sebaliknya, penggunaan data pendapatan

bersih, setelah ditolak cukai pendapatan, akan mengurangkan jumlah pendapatan bagi
isi rumah yang berpendapatan tinggi, menyebabkan pengurangan ketidaksamaan
pendapatan.
14.
Pembundaran anggaran
Pengiraan bagi sesuatu kategori mungkin tidak sentiasa sama antara jadual
disebabkan oleh pembundaran secara bebas. Walau bagaimanapun, perbezaan ini
adalah tidak ketara.
Peratus yang ditunjukkan dalam jadual adalah diperoleh daripada angka sebenar dan
tidak semestinya memberikan jumlah genap 100 peratus disebabkan pembundaran,
walaupun jumlah yang ditunjukan adalah 100 peratus.
15.
Nota dan Simbol

0.0
Kurang daripada setengah unit terkecil yang ditunjukkan. Misalnya, kurang

daripada 0.05 peratus
Tiada data
W.P.
Wilayah Persekutuan
RM
Ringgit Malaysia
90
TECHNICAL NOTES
TECHNICAL NOTES
1.
Introduction
The Household Income/Basic Amenities Survey (HIS/BA) 2009 is the latest income
survey carried out by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia after the last survey
conducted in 2007. The survey is implemented twice in five years. The publication
provides data on income, poverty and basic amenities at national and state levels for
citizens only.
2.
Objective of survey
2.1
2.2
The main objectives of the survey are as follows:
collect information on income distribution pattern of households;
identify the poverty groups; and
to identify the accessibility of basic amenities by poor households.
Data from the survey are used by the government as inputs for the formulation of
national development plan especially in preparing the Tenth Malaysia Plan.
3.
Method of data collection
3.1
Data collection was carried out using the personal interview approach. Officers
and staffs of the Department who were involved in this survey were given special
training as interviewers. They visited selected households (HH) to collect
information on demography, income and basic amenities using a set of
questionnaires.
3.2
Field checks were done by experienced officers from the Department of Statistics
State Office to detect and rectify errors or omission of cases which occurred
during the survey. In addition, re-interviews of certain selected household were
done to ensure the quality of data collected.
91
4.
Reference period
The reference period for the household income information was for the last twelve
months. For example, if the survey month was July 2009, income recorded will be
those received from 1st July 2008 until 30th June 2009. The survey period for HIS/BA
2009 differed from that of the previous survey whereby the HIS/BA 2009 started in
April 2009 and completed in March 2010 while the HIS/BA 2007 commenced in July
2007 and ended in December 2007.
5.
Scope and Coverage
5.1
The survey covered both urban and rural areas in Malaysia except the Orang Asli
Enumeration Block (EBs) in Peninsular Malaysia. Usually the EBs that lie in the
interior areas are not included in the sampling frames. However, for the latest
survey, the Department expanded its coverage to include these EBs.
5.2
The survey covered households staying in private living quarters (LQ). The
institutional households, that is, those living in hostels, hotels, hospitals, old folks
homes, military and police barracks, prisons, welfare homes and other institutions
were excluded from the coverage of the survey.
5.3
Detailed information on income was obtained from the household members who
are income recipients. Based on the A Provisional Framework for Household
Income, Consumption, Saving and Wealth published by Australian Bureau of
Statistics (ABS) and Final Report and Recommendations of the Expert Group
on the Household Income Statistics (The Canberra Group 2001), the sources of
income comprise:
(i)
earnings from paid employment (including wages and salaries, cash

allowances, bonuses, commissions, overtime payments, free food, free or
concession lodging, free or concession consumer goods, payment in kinds
and employers contributions to EPF/SOCSO);
(ii)
income from self-employment (including value of home-produced goods

for own consumption);
(iii)
property income (including royalties, rents, interests and dividends);

92
(iv)
current transfer receipts (including remittances, alimony, scholarships and

fellowships, pensions, periodic payments from inheritance or trust funds and
gifts in cash or in kind); and
(v)
other income (including imputed rent of owner-occupied house).
5.4 Components of the basic amenities covered were education, health, housing and
household appliances. However, for the purpose of reporting, only selected
information was highlighted to show the level of basic amenities enjoyed by the
population, especially the poor households.
(i)
Education covers distance of educational institution from the living

quarters. For school-going children who were not schooling, main reasons
for not attending school were asked;
(ii)
Health covers information on distance of government and private health

institutions from living quarters;
(iii)
Housing covers information on the type of ownership, condition of building,

number of bedrooms, types of materials for outside walls, types of toilets
used, water supply, electricity supply and garbage collection facilities;
(iv)
Household appliances cover questions on household equipments owned

by the household for own use such as motorcar, washing machine,
telephone and others.
6.
Sampling frame
6.1
The frame used for the selection of sample for HIS/BA 2009 was based on the
National Household Sampling Frame (NHSF) which was made up of EBs created
for the 2000 Population and Housing Census. EBs are geographical contiguous
areas of land with identifiable boundaries. On average, each EB contains about
80 to 120 living quarters. Generally, all EBs are formed within gazetted
boundaries i.e. within administrative districts, mukim or local authority areas.
93
6.2
The EBs in the sampling frame are also classified by urban and rural areas.
Urban areas are as defined in the 2000 Population and Housing Census. Urban
areas are gazetted areas with their adjoining built-up areas which had a
combined population of 10,000 or more at the time of the 2000 Population and
Housing Census. All other gazetted areas with a population of less than 10,000
persons and non-gazetted areas are classified as rural.
6.3
Built-up areas are defined as areas contiguous to a gazetted area and have at
least 60 per cent of their population (aged 10 years and over) engaged in nonagricultural activities as well as having modern toilet facilities in their housing
units.
6.4
Urbanisation is a dynamic process and keeps changing in line with progress and
development. Thus the urban areas for the 1991 and 2000 censuses do not
necessarily refer to the same areas, as areas fulfilling the criteria of urban
continue to increase or grow over time.
6.5
The classification of area by stratum is as follows:
Population of gazetted
6.6
Stratum
and adjoining built-up areas
(i)
Metropolitan
75,000 and above
(ii)
Urban large
10,000 to 74,999
(iii)
Urban small
1,000 to 9,999
(iv)
Rural
All other areas
For sampling purposes, the above broad classification was found to be adequate
for all states and federal territories. However, for Sabah and Sarawak, due to
inaccessibility, the rural stratum had to be further stratified based on the time
taken to reach the area from the nearest urban centre.
6.7
For purposes of tabulation by urban and rural, the strata were combined as
follows:
Urban
Metropolitan + Urban large
Rural
Urban small + All rural

94
7.
Sample design
7.1
two-stage stratified sampling design was adopted and the levels of
stratification are as follows:
i)
Primary stratum
ii)
Secondary stratum
made up of states in Malaysia

- made up of urban and rural as defined in para 6.5
and formed within primary stratum
7.2
Samples are drawn independently within each level of the secondary stratum.
The units for first stage sample selection are the EBs while the second stage
units are the LQs within the EBs. All households and persons within the selected
LQs are canvassed. At every stage of selection, the units are selected
systematically with equal probability within each level of the secondary stratum.
8.
Sample size
8.1
The sample size required is based on the relative standard error of the previous
survey for each stratum and state. Other factors such as cost and availability of
staff are also taken into considerations in determining the sample size.
8.2
The selected sample size is as follows:

Table 1: Distribution of selected EBs, LQs and number of households
response by state
State
Johor
Kedah
Kelantan
Melaka
Negeri Sembilan
Pahang
Perak
Perlis
Pulau Pinang
Selangor
Terengganu
W.P. Kuala Lumpur
Number of
EBs
587
364
435
199
212
280
457
155
382
726
290
452
95
Number of
LQs
4,696
2,912
3,480
1,592
1,696
2,240
3,656
1,240
3,056
5,808
2,320
3,616
Number of HH
Response
4,182
3,222
3,681
1,527
1,531
2,072
3,361
1,196
3,286
5,865
2,574
2,746
9.
W.P. Putrajaya
Peninsular Malaysia
Sabah
W.P. Labuan
Sarawak
52
4,591
748
83
498
416
36,728
5,984
664
3,984
365
35,608
5,750
581
3,866
Malaysia
5,920
47,360
45,805
Concepts and definitions
9.1
Living quarters
Living quarters are defined as independent and separate structures, which are
usually used as place of abode. The terms, separate and independent mean the
following:
Separate
A structure is considered separate if it is surrounded by walls, fence, etc.
and is covered by roof.
Independent
A structure is said to be independent if it has direct access via public
staircase, communal passageway or landing (that is, occupants can come
in or go out of their living quarters without passing through others
premises).
9.2
Household
A household is defined as a person or group of related and/or unrelated persons

who usually live together and make common provisions for food and other living
essentials.
9.3
Household income
Household income refers to total income accrued to members of a household,

both in cash and/or in kinds on a regular basis in one year or more often.
96
9.4
Income recipient
Income recipient refers to a household member who receives income within the
reference period.
9.5
Ethnic group
Ethnic group classification is based on the 2000 Population and Housing Census.
The classification is as follows:
Peninsular Malaysia
Sarawak, Sabah & W.P. Labuan
Malaysian Citizen
Bumiputera
Malaysian Citizen
Bumiputera
Chinese
Chinese
Indians
Others
Others
Non-citizen
Non-citizen
9.6 Poverty
The concept of poverty used is based on the methodology introduced in year
2004 which took into consideration of food PLI and non-food PLI for each
household visited. PLI is defined separately for each household in the HIS/BA.
Each households PLI take into consideration the following factors:
(i)
The households size and demographic composition

Larger households require more food and non-food expenditures to
achieve a satisfactory standard of living for all its members. As the caloric
requirements vary by sex and age, the food PLI also varies in accordance
with the demographic composition of the household.
(ii)
The households location: State and stratum (urban/rural)

Food and non-food prices vary significantly across states and between
urban and rural areas. For example prices in Kuala Lumpur are usually
higher than elsewhere. The new PLI takes into account of these price
variations.
97
9.7 A household in the Household Income Survey is considered poor if its income is
less than its PLI. This means that it lacks the resources to meet the basic food
and non-food needs of its individual members. A household is considered hardcore poor if its income is below the food PLI. PLI for each household is
different according to the location (state and stratum), household size and
demographic composition.
9.8 The Food PLI
The food component of the PLI is based on the advice of nutritionists, dieticians
and medical professionals from the Ministry of Health, Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia and Universiti Putra Malaysia. The kilo calorie needed by a family of
five persons is 8,725 per day. Individuals daily kilo calorie requirements are met
through a balanced diet which includes: cereals and cereal products (rice, wheat
flour); chicken, eggs and fish; milk; oil and fats; sugar; vegetables and fruits and
pulses. The kilo calorie requirements are then converted to monetary value
using the retail prices at each locality.
9.9
The Non-Food PLI

The non-food component of the PLI is determined by the spending pattern of low
income households in the Household Expenditure Survey.
The non-food items of the PLI are:
Clothing and footwear;
Gross rent, fuel and power;
Durables (furniture, furnishings and household equipment and operation);
Transport and communication; and
Other non-food items.
98
Tables 2:
Poverty Line Income by regions for year 2009
Region
Total
Urban
Rural
(RM) per month

Peninsular Malaysia
Sabah/W.P. Labuan
Sarawak
Malaysia
9.10
763
1,048
912
800
771
1,022
938
800
743
1,082
884
801
Calculation of Poverty Rates

PLI for each household are differs according to location (state and stratum),
household size and demographic composition. The household poverty level
was then measured using two formulas as follows:
(i)
Poverty Rates
The calculation involves all households having monthly gross income

below Poverty Line Income. The calculation of the Incidence of Poverty
(IP):
IP
Number of households with income

below the PLI
X
100
Total number of households
(ii)
Hard-Core Poverty Rates
The calculation involves all households having gross monthly income

below Food Poverty Line Income. The calculation of the Incidence of
Hardcore Poverty (IHP):
IHP
Number of households with income

below Food PLI
X
Total number of households
99
100
10.
Reliability of the data
Data obtained from survey or research based on sample selection has a probability of
encountering two types of errors. These are sampling and non-sampling errors.
(i)
Sampling Error
Sampling error is a result of estimating data based on a probability

sampling, not on census. Such error in statistics is termed as relative
standard error (RSE) and is given in percentage. This is used as an
indicator to the precision of the parameter under study. In other words, it
reflects the extent of variation with other sample-based estimates.
For the HIS/BA 2009, the mean monthly gross household income for
Malaysia was RM4,025 with an RSE of 0.63 per cent. In other words, the
standard error (SE) is approximately RM25. Assuming that the mean
household income is normally distributed, the confidence interval for the
estimated mean income can be calculated. Based on a 95 per cent
confidence level ( = 0.05), the mean monthly household income was found
to be in the range of RM3,975.75RM4,074.89 monthly.
(ii) Non-sampling Error
To ensure high quality data, several steps were taken to keep nonsampling errors to a minimum. Unlike sampling errors, these errors cannot
be measured and can only be overcome through several administrative
procedures. These errors may arise through incomplete survey coverage,
weaknesses in the frame, feedback errors, non-response errors and also
errors during processing such as editing, coding and data capture.
Response errors may occur due to difference and difficulty in interpreting

questions, be it on the part of the enumerator or respondent. To minimize
these errors, intensive training was conducted for the enumerators as well
as the supervisors. In addition, random checks were carried out on
households that were already canvassed by the enumerators to ensure the
validity of the information recorded. To ensure the completeness of the
survey coverage, the sampling frame is frequently updated and the
100
selections of living quarters were done after the completion of EB listing

exercise.
Non-response errors occur due to reasons such as vacant house, no one
at home, refusal to cooperate or not qualified for the survey. To overcome
such cases, sample size in the survey was estimated after taking into
considerations all probabilities uncounted as mentioned earlier. For HIS/BA
2009, the number of household responded by state is as given in Table 1.
The survey frame is updated regularly to overcome the problem of nonresponse due to vacant home. Publicity was carried out through electronic
and printed media to minimize the case of no one at home and refusal to
cooperate. With regard to editing and processing errors, several
consistency checks were introduced, either manually or computer aided, to
ensure the generation of quality and acceptable data.
11.
The Gini Coefficient
11.1
The Gini coefficient (G) is a measure of income concentration derived from the
Lorenz Curve. The curve is obtained by plotting the cumulative per cent of
households on the X axis against the cumulative per cent of the aggregate
income received by these households on the Y axis. The value of the Gini
coefficient ranges from 0 to 1 where 0 denotes complete equality of income
share and 1 represents total inequality of income share.
11.2
The Gini coefficient (G) is the proportion of the area between the diagonal and
the Lorenz Curve (A) and the area under the diagonal (A+B) as shown in Figure
1, whereby
G
A
A+B
Area between curve and diagonal

Area under diagonal
0.5 - Area under Curve

0.5
or mathematically: G
k
1-( f - f )( Y+Y )
i
101
i+1
i+1
FIGURE 1
Lorenz Curve
Cumulative
Income Share
A
Yi+1
Yi
fi
fi+1
Cumulative Household Share
12.
Average annual growth rate
Calculation of the average annual growth rate based on the geometric function as
follows:
where;
average annual growth rate;
Mean household income;
t
13.
period.
Limitations of income measurement
Gross household income has been used for tabulation purposes. The gross household
income does not take into account current transfer payment especially income taxes
paid by the higher income households. Moreover, the distributive effects of public
expenditure were also not reflected in the survey data due to the inherent difficulties to
impute such benefits as part of household income. Such public expenditure normally
benefit the low income households, the imputation of these benefits will increase their
total income. Otherwise the use of net income data after deduction of income taxes will
102
decrease the total income of the high income households resulting in a lowering of
income inequalities.
14.
Rounding of estimates
The calculation of certain categories may not always be the same between tables due
to independent rounding. However, the differences were insignificant.
Percentages shown in the tables were computed from actual absolute figures and may
not always add up exactly to 100 per cent due to rounding, although the totals were
shown as 100 per cent.
15.
Notes and symbols
0.0
Less than half the smallest unit shown. For example, less than 0.05 per cent
Nil
W.P. Wilayah Persekutuan

RM
Ringgit Malaysia
103
PENERBITAN INI BOLEH JUGA DIPEROLEH DI PEJABAT PERANGKAAN NEGERI SEPERTI BERIKUT :
THIS PUBLICATION IS ALSO AVAILABLE AT THE FOLLOWING STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS :
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Johor,
Tingkat 14, Menara Tabung Haji,
Jalan Air Molek,
80000 Johor Bharu,Johor.
Tel
: 07-2253700
Faks
: 07-2249972
E-mel : jpjohor@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Kedah,
Aras 1, Zon C, Wisma Persekutuan,
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan,
Bandar Muadzam Shah,
06550 Anak Bukit,
Kedah Darul Aman.
Tel
: 04 -7001240/1241
Faks
: 04-7338412
E-mel : kedah@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Kelantan,
Tingkat 8, Bangunan Persekutuan,
Jalan Bayam,
15514 Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
Tel
: 09-7481752
Faks
: 09-7482142
E-mel : jpkelantan@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Melaka,
Aras 7 & 8, Wisma Persekutuan,
Jalan MITC, Hang Tuah Jaya,
75450, Ayer Keroh,
Melaka.
Tel
: 06-2522725
Faks
: 06-2522711
E-mel : jpmelaka@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Sembilan,
Tingkat 12, Wisma Persekutuan,
Jalan Dato' Abdul Kadir,
70000 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan.
Tel
: 06-7655000
Faks
: 06-7655002
E-mel : jpnsembilan@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Perak,
Tingkat 3, Blok A,
Bangunan Persekutuan Ipoh,
Jalan Dato' Seri Ahmad Said (Greentown),
30450 Ipoh, Perak.
Tel
: 05-2554963
Faks
: 05-2551073
E-mel : jpperak@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Perlis,
Tingkat 4, Bangunan KWSP,
Jalan Bukit Lagi,
01000 Kangar, Perlis.
Tel
: 04-9771221
Faks
: 04-9771223
E-mel : jpperlis@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Selangor,
Tingkat 9, Bangunan Darul Ehsan,
Jalan Indah, Seksyen 14,
40000 Shah Alam, Selangor.
Tel
: 03-55150200
Faks
: 03-55180408
E-mel : jpselangor@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Terengganu,
Tingkat 9, Wisma Persekutuan,
Jalan Sultan Ismail,
20200 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu.
Tel
: 09-6223062
Faks
: 09-6229659
E-mel : jpterengganu@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Sabah,
Aras 1-3, Blok C,
Kompleks Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan Sabah,
Jalan UMS, Beg Berkunci 2046,
88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Tel
: 088-484602
Faks
: 088-484659
E-mel : jpsabah@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Pahang,
Jalan Gambut,
25000 Kuantan, Pahang.
Tel
: 09-5163931/7
Faks
: 09-5144636
E-mel : jppahang@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Sarawak,
Tingkat 7 & 8,
Bangunan Tun Datuk Patinggi Tuanku Hj. Bujang,
Jalan Simpang 3,
93514 Kuching, Sarawak.
Tel
: 082-240287
Faks
: 082-242609
E-mel : jpsarawak@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Negeri Pulau Pinang,
10400 Jalan Anson,
Pulau Pinang.
Tel
: 04-2266244
Faks
: 04-2299499
E-mel : jpppinang@stats.gov.my
Pengarah,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Wilayah Persekutuan,
Tingkat 19, Wisma KWSG,
Jalan Kg. Attap,
50604 Kuala Lumpur.
Tel
: 03-22672400
Faks
: 03-22745075
E-mel : jpwpkl@stats.gov.my

HISBA - Publication - 2009 Household Income Malaysia

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

HISBA - Publication - 2009 Household Income Malaysia

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA,

HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND BASIC AMENITIES SURVEY REPORT

LAPORAN PENYIASATAN PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH DAN KEMUDAHAN ASAS

Diterbitkan dan dicetak oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA,

HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND BASIC AMENITIES SURVEY REPORT

BOLEH DIPEROLEH DARI :

LAPORAN PENYIASATAN PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH DAN KEMUDAHAN ASAS

Diterbitkan dan dicetak oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA

LAPORAN PENYIASATAN PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH

oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. Objektif utama

pembangunan Malaysia. Penyelidik individu dan swasta juga menggunakan maklumat

Saya ingin mengambil kesempatan ini merakamkan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan kepada

DR. HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN BIN HASAN

Individuals and private sectors researchers are

also use the

information published in this report as an input for their research.

DR. HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN BIN HASAN

Jadual pendapatan isi rumah

Jadual insiden kemiskinan

Jadual kemudahan asas (am)

Jadual kemudahan asas (isi rumah miskin)

Jadual ralat piawai

PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH/HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata, penengah dan kadar pertumbuhan

Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata mengikut jantina, kumpulan etnik

Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas

Taburan peratus isi rumah dan agihan pendapatan mengikut kelas

INSIDEN KEMISKINAN/INCIDENCE OF POVERTY

Insiden kemiskinan mengikut negeri dan strata, Malaysia, 2009

Insiden kemiskinan mengikut kumpulan umur ketua isi rumah, Malaysia,

Insiden kemiskinan mengikut saiz isi rumah, Malaysia, 2009

KEMUDAHAN ASAS (AM)

Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut keadaan rumah yang diduduki,

Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut kemudahan bekalan elektrik, negeri

Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut jenis kemudahan tandas yang

Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut kemudahan kutipan sampah, negeri

Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri,

Taburan peratus isi rumah mengikut peralatan yang digunakan, negeri

KEMUDAHAN ASAS (ISI RUMAH MISKIN)

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis pemilikan rumah,

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut keadaan unit perumahan

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut kemudahan bekalan elektrik,

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut jenis kemudahan tandas

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut kemudahan kutipan sampah,

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan,

Taburan peratus isi rumah miskin mengikut peralatan yang digunakan,

RALAT PIAWAI/STANDARD ERROR

Ralat piawai bagi anggaran pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata

PURATA DAN PENENGAH PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH, 19952009

Carta 1: Pendapatan isi rumah bulanan purata, penengah dan kadar

Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan penengah

Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan purata

PERATUS ISI RUMAH MENGIKUT KELAS PENDAPATAN, 2004 - 2009

Carta 2: Peratus isi rumah mengikut kelas pendapatan, Malaysia, 20042009

Kelas Pendapatan (RM)

PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH BULANAN PURATA DAN PENENGAH

KOEFISIEN GINI BAGI PENDAPATAN ISI RUMAH BULANAN, MALAYSIA,

Carta 4: Koefisien Gini bagi pendapatan isi rumah bulanan, Malaysia,

INSIDEN KEMISKINAN DI MALAYSIA, 19952009

Carta 5: Insiden kemiskinan, Malaysia, 19952009