Unit 3

Outcome 2
Key Knowledge point 1

Types of contemporary interactions with natural

environments including:

Primary industries
Conservation
Tourism

Recreation

How do each of you interact with nature in

your own time?

How would you categorise these?
What different motives are behind these?

What examples are you linked to?

The sector of an economy making direct

use of natural resources. This includes

agriculture, forestry and fishing, mining,
and extraction of oil and gas.
This is contrasted with the secondary
sector, producing manufactures and other
processed goods, and the tertiary sector,
producing services.
Environmental Impacts as a result?

Interactions - Examples:
Logging companies,
Mining companies,
Energy companies
Agriculture
Fisheries
Game hunting.. etc

 Aboriginal trading goods

Early European settlers Cleared land for farming

practices, sealing + whaling, logging

1800s mining (gold, stone, tin), farming practices
1900s mining, logging, farming, fishing, hunting,
energy
Now???
WHY have these interactions changed?

Seen in the Grampians and surrounding areas

today
Agriculture
Grain
Cattle
Sheep

Quarrying (in southern Grampians not

Heatherlie quarry anymore)

 Victoria is Australias largest food and fibre exporting state.

Our strong agricultural sector produces goods valued at

around $8 billion a year
Western Victorias temperate climate, high quality soils and
clean water support our world-class agriculture industries.
Australia is a major producer and exporter of Agriculture
and its closely related sectors earn $155 billion a year for a
12% share of Australias GDP.
Australian farmers and grazers own 135,996 farms,
covering 61% of Australias landmass.
But what impacts do we know are associated with
this?

Concerns about the impact of quarrying are hardly

new..
Complaints about quarrying activities were
voiced as far back as the 1890s.
The issues of concern haven't changed over time
visual intrusion on natural landscapes
physical damage to landscapes
noise pollution causing avoidance by wildlife
damage to caves
deterioration in water quality due to chemical

runoff

What examples are you linked to?

Definition.. .Time spent away from work in activity

outdoors usually for fun.
The need to do something for recreation is an
essential element of human biology and psychology
but is often undertaken for the following reasons..
Enjoyment
Happiness
Fitness
Social
Risk taking
Thrill seeking/rush

Recreational interaction examples:

Fishing
hiking
rock climbing
bird watching
camping
mountain biking
4WD

What recreational activities did you see that

could be undertaken in the Grampians??

Patterns of Recreation Interactions

Aboriginal learning skills, stories, walking, dancing and
singing
Early European - early 1800s little recreation time maybe
walking, picnics
Late 1800s early 1900s tramping, bird watching,
camping, picnics
1900s after first world war hiking, driving, bird watching,
surfing, sailing, flying, bungy jumping, skiing, rock climbing,
caving, camping, trekking, scuba diving
Now??
WHY have these interactions changed?

Define:
The protection and enhancement of the environment.
Conservation interaction - Examples:
Environment groups
Creating of National Parks
Management strategies
Conservation Laws
Minimal impact strategies
Reduction in use of resources
Reduction of waste and pollution
Education and awareness
Development of environmentally friendly

energy sources
Other?

Patterns of Conservation Interactions

Aboriginal areas for no hunting/gathering, only
took what they needed, use of fire for regeneration
Early European settlers didnt have any
1800s didnt have any until late 1800s when
national parks first became a possibility
1900s recognition of land degradation,
environmental awareness, environment groups
formed, national parks formed, acts of parliament
passed and implemented, management strategies
developed, use of resources limited
Now??
WHY have these interactions changed?

Definition:
The visiting of places for leisure, recreation, challenge,
education which is outside their usual environment.
Tourism is making use of an environment to make a
profit.
Tourism interaction - Examples:
Bus tours
Educational tours
Sight seeing
Variety of accommodation
Experiencing local culture/food/music
Recreational activities golf, birdwatching, walking, skiing, climbing,

sailing, kayaking, 4WD, photography

Different types of Tourism:

Eco-tourism- Sustainability
Visiting Natural Resources
Man made tourism- MCG, Water world etc.

Patterns of Tourism Interactions

Aboriginal no tourism, visited other tribes for
trade, marriage, ceremonies
Early European settlers no tourism, travel was for
commerce / new settlement and trade
1800s no tourism until late 1800s when income
was sufficient to visit family or friends for leisure
1900s mostly domestic travel until 1970s
1970s - now
WHY have these interactions changed?

Tourism is the main income of Halls Gap.

What tourist activities are on offer here?
What are the positive impacts of these?
What are the negative environmental impacts

of these?

Has Tourism benefited the Natural Environment?

PositiveMore money injected into the Grampians area.
Improving area to make it more desirable.

NegativeMore people = more impact

Industralisation (Environmental Changes).

Has Tourism changed societies relationship with

the environment?
Yes because we are more engaged and have more

information about what the environment has to

offer.

Compare and contrast the different

contemporary societal relationships with
outdoor environments
(200 words)
Think about the environmental, social and financial positives
and negatives of these interactions