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March 16,2015

A Childs Developmental
Characteristics

Why do children develop


differently?

Miss Simerlys Gazette

Issue 1:: March 16,2015

Miss Simerlys

Gazette

Inside

Preschool- Kindergarten

Primary & Elementary

Middle & High School

Al children grow at different rates; therefore, they develop


at different rates. Most children follow milestones
throughout their childhood. These areas of development
that we will discuss include: cognitive, physical, and
emotional/social development. Although some of the areas
overlap, one area of development is reinforced and
improved by growth in another area. Some children are
able to develop more quickly in one area than another.

Activities that parents can

This is why it is important for parents to understand that

utilize to help influence


development will also be
discussed. Page 5

Miss Simerlys Gazette

Issue 1:: March 16,2015

Development
PreschoolKindergarten
This covers children from
age 3 through 5.

Physical Characteristics

Children are extremely active;


Children need frequent rest periods;
Childrens large muscles are more
developed than those that control
fingers and hands; Eye-hand
coordination is still developing;
Childrens bodies are resilient and
flexible; Gender differences do not
emerge until kindergarten

Social Characteristics

Most children have one or two best


friends, but these friendships
change rapidly; Play activities
contribute to social, emotional, and
cognitive development, and should
be encouraged; Children show
preference for gender of play peers

Miss Simerlys Gazette

Issue 1:: March 16,2015

Middle School Years


Grades 6th through
8th Characteristics
Physical

High School

Grades
9-12like
Children are still extremely active and
so need breaks
Ages 11, 12, & 13

recess, which enhances their cognitive functioning; Children


still need rest period because they become fatigued easily;
Primary Grades
Physical Characteristics
Large-muscle control is still superior to fine coordination;
Physical Characteristics
First Grade through Third
Physical growth tends to be both rapid
andmay
uneven,
Children
have difficulty focusing on small print or
Grade
Most students
physical
objects; Children
tend to be extreme
in theirreach
physical
producing early-maturing and late-maturing
patterns
and virtually all attain
Ages 6, 7, & 8
activities; Bone growth is notmaturity
yet complete
of development; Pubertal development
is evident in
puberty; Many adolescents are
Social Characteristics

Ages 14-17

practically all girls and in many boys; Concern and


sexually
activeinbut
thechoice
long-term
Children become somewhat more
selective
their
of
curiosity about sex are almost universal
friends and are likely to havetrend
a more
permanent
best friend;
is down;
The birthrate
for

Children like organized games


but may become
overly
unmarried
adolescents
has fallen
concerned with rules; Quarrels
are
still
frequent
in recent years yet it is still

Social Characteristics

Emotional Characteristics
unacceptably high; The rate of
The development of interpersonal
reasoning leads to
Children are sensitive to criticism
and ridicule and may have
sexually transmitted diseases is
greater understanding of the feelings of others; The
difficulty adjusting to failure; Most children are eager to
also rather high for high school
desire to conform reaches a peak atplease
this age
their teacher; Children of this age are becoming
students
sensitive to the feelings of others

Emotional Characteristics

Cognitive Characteristics

Childrenand
understand
are different
ways to know
Social
Characteristics
View of adolescence as a period of storm
stress that
is there
things and that some ways are better than others; Children
Parents and other adults are
exaggerated; Nevertheless, some students experience
begin to understand that learning and recall are caused by
likely to influence long-range
anxiety, low self-esteem, and depression;
Middle
school
cognitive
processes
that they can control; Children of this age
plans; Peers are more likely to
students are often self-conscious and
self-centered
as a as older
do not
learn as efficiently
children; Talking aloud to
influence
status;
(private
speech) reaches a peakimmediate
between the
ages of
result of the continued influence of oneself
egocentric
thought
six and seven

Cognitive Characteristics

Girls seem to experience greater

anxiety about friendships than


__________________________________________________________

Middle school students need a classroom environment


Physical Characteristics

boys do; Many high school

students are employed after


school

Elementary Grades
Fourth and Fifth Grade
Ages 9 & 10

Boy and girls become leaner and stronger; Obesity can become
a problem for some children of this age group; Gender
Emotional Characteristics
differences in motor skill performance are apparent; This is a
Many psychiatric
disorders
period of relative calm and predictability
in physical
either appear or become
development
prominent during adolescence;
Social Characteristics

most common
typetoofreplace
The peer group becomes moreThe
powerful
and begins
adults as the major source ofemotional
behavior standards;
Friendships
disorder during
become more selective and gender
based; is
Organized
play
adolescence
depression;
If
continues to contribute to social,
emotional,
and
cognitive
depression becomes severe,
development
suicide may be contemplated
Emotional Characteristics

Children develop a more global, integrated, and complex selfCognitive


Characteristics
image; Self-image composed of
self-description,
self-esteem,
and self-concept; Disruptive family relationships, social

Miss Simerlys Gazette

As your child grows older.

Issue 1:: March 16,2015

Is there any advice on how to improve


It is important,
Do you
as aneed
parent,
to to
increase
be supportive
your childs
to your child. You want
to always
be looking
mythem
childs
physical
health?for words of enc
cognitive skills?
There are numerous ways to help improve
your childs cognitive skills. Each of these
various methods can help each child
through different developmental stages. An
important method is improving their
memory; by exercising their visual memory
(remembering what they see) or their
auditory memory (what they hear or read).
You also have to help them determine where
to store the information. Is it in the shortterm memory or the long-term? Physical
activity can help improve cognitive skills.
Being creative and curious allows your child
Miss
Simerlys
Gazetteimprove their
to explore
and greatly
cognitive thinking. As children grow older,
they tend to forget about good sleeping
habits; the more sleep the child gets, the
better rested they will feel. The less stress the
child has to endure, the better it will help
them in the long run.

It is important to encourage your child to


improve their gross motor skills and fine
motor skills at a young age to help them to
get better with time. From supporting
themselves to walking to skipping, these are
all important for a child to learn to do. It is
important that your child gets at least 60
minutes of physical activity a day; this will
help to discourage your children from
spending too much time with electronics. A
few tips for improving your childs physical
health include: building strong bones and
muscles, eating well-balanced meals,
improving balance, developing flexibility,
improving their cardiovascular system,
helping the child to relax, improving their
self-esteem, and giving them opportunities
to meet new people. The opportunity of
meeting new people would help to improve
their social and emotional development as
well.

How can I increase my childs social

How do I help my child to grow

Miss Simerlys

Gazette

skills?
At a young age, it is important for the child
Hendricks Elementary School
to be involved in play dates; this will allow
Email:
asimerly1@ivytech.edu
the
child
to begin interacting with other
children.
By having play dates, your child
Classroom Website:
will
learn manners and basic rules for
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having others over. A great way for a parent
to intervene is to support your childs
friendships. This will allow you to instill in
your child how important it is to forgive one
another when a disagreement arises. It is
important to teach your child that people
and their feelings are important; it is
important to respect one another and their

emotionally?
It is important that your child feels a
connection with parents and caregivers; this
will help to form a relationship that the
child feels comfortable with. This will help
them to have a more curious mind. Also,
you want to encourage your child to know
different reactions to your own emotions; for
instance, if your child is climbing the stairs
at home, they want you to encourage them
to do it. By showing your child different
emotions, you are setting them up for
different reactions that they may encounter
over the years. For example, as a child, your

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