Georgia History Milestones Review #8

1. What bug and what natural weather phenomenon damaged Georgias economy in the early 1900s?
Boll Weevil and Drought
2. What helped cause the Great Depression? Stock Market Crash of 1929, Bank Failures, Reduction in
Purchasing, & Overproduction of Agriculture Products
3. How many times did Eugene Talmadge get elected Georgias Governor? 4 times
4. How did Eugene Talmadge have a negative impact state of Georgia? White Supremacist, He fought
against Roosevelts New Deal policies, Southern Association of College and Schools to remove the
states accreditation of all white colleges
5. What was the New Deal? The New Deal Programs provided aid and support to many poor Georgians.
Though these programs did not end the Great Depression, they helped many poor Georgians cope
during the difficult economic times.
6. What was the CCC? The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), was a program that hired unemployed
young men to work on public service projects. Some of these projects included erosion control, flood
prevention, and public parks.
7. What New Deal program helped bring electricity into the rural parts of Georgia? Rural Electrification
Act
8. Which New Deal program, in an effort to prevent over production, paid farmers to not plant all their
land in crops? Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA).
9. Which New Deal program provided retirement funds? Social Security Administration (SSA)
10. What act allowed us to give military aid to our Allies even before we entered WWII? Lend Lease Act
11. What 1941 event led to America declaring war on Japan? Bombing of Pearl Harbor
12. What is the importance of the Bell Aircraft plant? 30,000 people, many from Georgia, were
employed at the largest plant to have ever been built in the Deep South. After the war the plant closed
until 1951; however, the Lockheed Martin Company took over the facility that continues to employee
Georgians today. Due to the proximity of the plant, the Dobbins Air Force based was located nearby,
adding more employment opportunities to the area.
13. What type of ships were produced during WWII in Savannah and Brunswick? Liberty Ships
14. Who was Richard Russell and what is he best known for? He was a governor of Georgia and U.S
senator, serving in the senate for 38 years. National School Lunch Program.
15. Who was Carl Vinson and what is he best known for? U.S. House of Representative for 51 years, The
man known as the Father of the Two Ocean Navy
16. What WWII event made some Georgians rethink their treatment of minorities in the state? Holocaust
17. Why did FDR often visit Georgia? To relieve his polio.
18. How and why did Georgias Agriculture change after WWII and how did this impact

Georgias population? A major technological change in agricultural equipment further

lessened the need for large numbers of agricultural workers. Some of the more important
technological changes were larger tractors, reapers, and other machinery, combined with
better fertilizers that made it easier to grow and process crops with much less man power.
Though the rural population in Georgia has decreased from almost 85% in 1900 to less than
25% today, according to the New Georgia Encyclopedia, farming is still the most important
part of Georgias economy, bringing in $56 billion a year to the state.

Georgia History Milestones Review #8

19. Atlanta Mayor William B. Hartsfield is best known for what? Hartsfield commenced his lifelong

support of aviation and was instrumental in opening Atlantas first airport in 1925 and he was
instrumental in the calm integration of Atlantas public schools.

20.

Atlanta Mayor Ivan Allen jr. is best known for what? Allen may be best known for his
support of bringing major league sports teams to the city.

21.

Why are Major League sports important to Atlanta? Atlantas sports teams have brought
thousands of jobs to the state and millions of dollars into the economy. They also gave
Atlanta an aura of being a Major League City and their facilities helped to bring the 1996
Olympic Games.

22. What are Governor Ellis Arnalls biggest accomplishments? Arnall is credited for restoring

accreditation to the states institutions of higher learning, abolishing the poll tax, lowering the
voting age, and establishing a teachers retirement system, and his acceptance of the Supreme
Courts rulings against the white primary
23. What is Herman Talmadge known for supporting as the States Governor and US Senator? He was

also an unyielding segregationist who fought against the U.S. Supreme Courts civil rights
decisions, primarily the desegregation of schools. As a senator, Talmadge supported
agricultural programs and continued to oppose civil rights legislation.
24. Benjamin Mays acted as a mentor to ____Martin Luther King Jr.______________________
25. Why did the Three Governors Controversy happen? Eugene Talmadge Died.
26. What did the US Supreme Court rule in the case Brown v. The Board of Education? U.S. Supreme

Court declared segregated schools to be unconstitutional

27. Who was Martin Luther King Jr.? Is the most well-known Georgian. His work during the

Civil Rights Movement earned him the Nobel Peace Prize and led to the national holiday
created in his honor. Due to Kings tireless efforts and devotion to non-violent protest, he is
often thought of as the leader of the modern Civil Rights Movement. Born in Atlanta, King
graduated from high school at the age of 15, and began his college studies at Morehouse. As
the son and grandson of ministers, King eventually chose the same profession. He earned his
Ph.D. in Divinity from Boston University. It was there that he met his wife Coretta Scott. In
1954, King accepted an offer to become the pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in
Montgomery, Alabama. A year later he found himself serving as the spokesman for the
successful Montgomery Bus Boycott. After his success with the boycott, King, along with
other civil rights groups, attempted a similar action in Albany that was considered to be less
successful. According to the New Georgia Encyclopedia, Kings short career seemed to
follow this pattern of brilliant victories such as the March on Washington, his creation of the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference and winning the Nobel Peace Prize, followed by
unsuccessful campaigns such as his focus on discrimination in Chicago. Nonetheless, King
was instrumental in ending segregation and changing Americas views on race and racial
equality. Unfortunately, while he did not live to see the fruits of his labor, his efforts and
leadership have led to an America where some of the ideals from his I Have A Dream speech
have been met. Martin Luther King, Jr. is the only African-American to have a federal

Georgia History Milestones Review #8

holiday named in his honor. Also, he is the only African-American and non-president to have
a memorial created in his honor on the National Mall in Washington D.C.
28. The Sibley Commission held public meeting about desegregation of Georgias public schools and
found that Georgians would rather __Close_________ the schools than integrate. The commission
suggested that the state leave the question of integration of schools up to the local.
29. Who were the first two black students admitted to UGA? Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes
30. What did the Albany movement want to accomplish? The next spring the county commission

removed all segregation statutes from their books.

31. What famous speech was given at the March on Washington? I have a dream.
32. Who was Atlantas first black mayor? Maynard Jackson
33. What is the irony of Lester Maddoxs term as Governor? Lester Maddox (1915-2003) stands out

as the last overtly segregationist governor in the states history. Ironically, Maddox
appointed more African-Americans to government positions than all prior Georgia
governors combined. He also received support of both whites and blacks alike due to his
little peoples days. Twice a month, average people could stand in line to meet with
the governor.
34. Who is Andrew Young? He was active in the Civil Rights Movement and primarily focused on

voter registration drive, started working for the SCLC, became a close associate with Martin
Luther King Jr., He was elected as Georgias first African- American Congressman since
Reconstruction, ambassador to the United Nations, elected mayor of Atlanta in 1981, and cochair of Georgias 1996 Olympic committee.
35. The end of the County Unit System in Georgia shifted political power from the __Rural__ areas to the
___Urban_____ areas of the state.
36. Who is the only Georgian to have been elected President? Jimmy Carter
37. How did the 1996 summer Olympics impact the state? The largest beneficiary of the games was

Atlanta itself. Due to the games the number of hotel rooms in the city expanded to over
60,000. With the city showing that it was capable of hosting such a major event and being the
home of the busiest airport in the world, Atlanta has become a hub for conventions and
sporting events. The city also experienced growth for the first time in many years as many
young, urban professionals moved from the suburbs to city limits based on their experiences
at the games, and the improvements made to the city in preparation. According to the New
Georgia Encyclopedia the Games have generated least 5.1 billion dollars for the city and state