Implementing High Availability in a Campus Environment

Configuring Layer 3 Redundancy with HSRP

Routing Issues: Using Default Gateways

Routing Issues: Using Proxy ARP

Router Redundancy

Router Redundancy (Cont.)

HSRP

Standby group: The set of routers participating in HSRP that jointly

emulate a virtual router

The Active Router

The active router responds to ARP requests with the MAC address
of the virtual router.

The Virtual Router MAC Address

The Standby Router

The standby router listens for periodic hello messages on 224.0.0.2.

Active and Standby Router Interaction

HSRP States
An HSRP router can be in one of six different states:
Initial
Learn
Listen
Speak
Standby
Active

HSRP State Transition

HSRP Standby Group 1
Router A
Priority
100

Router A does not

hear any higher
priority than itself,
so promotes itself
to standby.

Router B
Priority
50
Initial

Initial

Listen

Listen

Speak

Speak

Standby
Router A does not
hear an active
router, so promotes
itself to active.

Active

Listen
Speak
Standby

Router B hears that

router A has a
higher priority, so
router B returns to
the listen state.

HSRP Standby State

A router in the standby state:

Is a candidate for active router
Sends hello messages
Knows the virtual router IP address

HSRP Active State

A router in the active state:

Assumes the active forwarding of packets for the virtual router
Sends hello messages
Knows the virtual router IP address

HSRP Configuration Commands

Configure
standby 1 ip 10.1.1.1

Verify
show running-config
show standby

Configuring an HSRP Standby Interface

Enabling HSRP on a Cisco router interface automatically

disables ICMP redirects.

Displaying the Standby Brief Status

Switch#show standby brief

P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface
Grp Prio P State
Active addr
Standby addr
Vl11
11 110
Active
local
172.16.11.114

Group addr
172.16.11.115

Summary
Router redundancy allows two or more routers to work as a
group to maintain forwarding of IP packets.
A single default gateway or proxy ARP does not provide the
redundancy required in a campus network.
HSRP provides router redundancy to end devices.
HSRP operates to provide nonstop path redundancy for IP.
An HSRP-enabled router will exist in a specific state or
transition through a series of states.
HSRP is configured using the standby command.
HSRP is enabled per interface.