Жарков н.в., Прокди р.г., Финков м.в. - Autocad 2012 (Полное Руководство) - 2012

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AUTOCAD 2012............................................................................................................... 23
, AUTOCAD 2012
............................................................................................. 24
AUTOCAD 20 1 2 ......................................................................................25
, .................................................. 33
, .............................................33
AUTOCAD................................................................33

.............................................................................................. 34
Enter
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, .................................................. 36
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.................................................... 37

AutoCAD 2 0 1 2 ....................................39
AutoCAD 2 0 1 2 .................................................... 40
1. AUTOCAD 2 0 1 2 ................................................................41
1.1. AUTOCAD 2012................................................................................................................ 42
1.2. AUTOCAD 2012. AUTOCAD .....................43
1.2.1. AutoCAD 2012.
..................................................................................43
1.2.2. ............................................................................................ 53
1.2.3. ....................................................... 53
...........................................................................................53
A utoC AD ............................ 56
...................................................................................57
..........
1.2.4. ..................................................................... 60
1.2.5. ................................................................... 61
1.2.6. .............................................................................62
1.2.7. ....................................................................... 64
1.2.8. ................................................................64
1.3. AUTOCAD................................................................................ 65
1.3.1. .........................................................................65
1.3.2. .....................................................66
1.3.3. . ....................... 68
1.3.4. ............................................................................69
1.4. AUTOCAD. ..........................................69
.........................................................................69
.
......................................................................................... 71
......................... 73
................................................................... 73
AutoCAD ................................................................74
.................................................. 74
1.5. AUTOCAD 2 0 1 2 ........................................................................................... 75
1.6. AUTOCAD................................................................................................................ 76
2. AUTOCAD 2012.
, .....................................78
2 .1 . AUTOCAD 2 0 1 2 ........................................ 79
2.2. .....................................................................................................................80
2.2.1. ..................... 80
A u toC A D ............................. 80
AutoCA D ............... 81
2.2.2.
(Startup)
........................................................... 82
2.2.3. ............................................ 86
.
Units ()................................................................... 86
. Limits ().... 88
.......................................................................
2.3. .................................................................................................................................89
2.3.1. ...................................................89
2.3.2. ........................................................91
2.3.3. .
..................................................................91
2.4. ...................................................................................................... 92
2.4.1. ....................................................... 92
2.4.2. ............................................................93
2.5. ............................................................................94
2.6. , AUTOCAD..................................................... 95
3. AUTOCAD 2012. ................................. 97

3 .1. 4....................................................................................................................... 98
3 .2. . ERASE ()............................................ 101
3 .3. ...............................................................................................102
Undo () ........................................................... 102

Redo ( ).......................................................... 103
3 .4. ........... 103
3.4.1. ................ 104

3.4.2. .
PAN ()........................................................................ 105
.....................................................105
..................................................................106
................................................. 107
4. ................................................................................... 108
4 .1 . AUTOCAD ...............................................109
4 .2 . . ...................110
4 .3 . .......................................................................................................... 110
4.3.1. ......................................................110
4.3.2. .............. ....... 114
4.3.3. .......... 116
.......................................................................
4.4. .
-.................................................................................................... 119
4 .5 . ............................................................................................................................ 119
4 .6 . .................................................................................. 121
4.7. ...............................................................................................125
5. -...........................126
5 .1 . ..............................................................................127
5.1.1. ()........................... 127

5.1.2. () ...................................... 128
................................................. 128
. XLine ().
............................................129

XLine ()............................................ 130
. Ray ()..........135
5.1.3. (Rectangle)................................... 136
...................................... 136
...................137
... 138
5.1.4. (Polygon)...................................... 141
5.2. ................................................................................................145
5.2.1. (C irc le )........................................................... 145

.............................................................................. 145
............................. 148
5.2.2. (ARC) ..........................................151
5.2.3. (E llip se ).........................................................156
...........................................................156
5.2.4. (Donut)............................................................... 160
5.3. ........................................................................................................................................161
5.3.1. (Point) .......................................................161

5.3.2. ......................................................................... 162
5.4. : ................................ 165
6 . ............................................................................... 1 6 8
6.1. (PLINE).................................................................169
.............................................................................. 169
......................... ........ 170
....................................... 172
6.2. (SPLINE): .................................................................. 175
6.3. (MLINE)........................................................... 178
............................................ 178
....................................................... 180
6.4. - ............................................................ 187
6.5. AUTOCAD 2 0 1 2 ............................................................................................. 189
7 . , .
..............................................................................1 9 2
7 .1. OPTO (ORTHO).................................................................. 194
7.2. (SNAP MODE).........................................................................................194
7.3. (POLAR TRACKING)............................. 196
7 .4 . (POLAR SNAP).................................................................. 199
7.5. ...............................................................................................................................200
7.5.1. .
.........................................................................200
7.5.2.
............................................................................................206
.......................................... 206

Object Snap ( )..................................................207
7.6. ,
.....................................................................................................................208
8 . :
........................................................................................................... 211
8.1. .......................................212
8.1.1. ............................212
8.1.2. Zoom () ...... 213
.......................................................................

.........................................................................................................213
8.1.3. ............................................................217
8.2. .................................................................................................219
8.2.1 . ......................................................219
8.2.2. ......................................................................................220
8.2.3. ....................................226
9. .................................................. 227
9.1. ............................................................ 228
9.2. () ............................................................. ..............................229
.......................................... 229
............................................ 230
.............................
232
.....................................................232
.......................................... 233
9.3. ....................................................................................... 234
Move ( )...................................................................... 234
- ......................................................... 236
W in d ow s ....................... 236
9.4. .................................................................. ..................237
() ...................................................................238
- ..........................................................238
W indow s ...... ................... 238
9.5. . ROTATE ()....................................... .....................241
9.6. .
ARRAY ()............................................................................................ 242
9.6.1. ,
AutoCAD 2 0 1 2 .............................................................................. 243
9.6.2. ..................................... 244
.......................................................................... 244
....................................................................................... 246
............................................................................248
9.7. . OFFSET ()..................................250
9.8. () ...............................................................................................................253
9 .9 . ............................................................................................... 258
9 .1 0. ........................................................................................... 261
9.11. .
....................................................................................................................... 266
9.12.
AUTOCAD..........................................................................................................................................268
10.
AUTOCAD 2012. ....................................... 272
10.1. ..........................................................................................273
10.1.1. . Trim ( ).........................273

10.1.2. . Extend ()....................... 279
10.1.3. .
Lengthen ()....................................................... 280
10.1.4. .
Stretch ()............................................................283
10.1.5. . Break ()............................. 286
..............286
.................................................287
- .............................. 288
10.1.6.
...........................................................288
10.2. . ALIGN ()......................................................291
10.3. ................................................................................................................................ 296
....................... 296
.
Divide ()..............................................................297
.
Measure ( ).....................................................298
10.4. ..........................................................................................299
10.4.1. ........................................................ 299

..........................................................................299
PEdit () ............................................. 299
............................................302
10.4.2. .....................................................304
10.5.
AUTOCAD 2012 ...................................................................................................................... 308
....................................................312
1 1 . ..................................... 3 1 5
11.1. ...............................................316
11.2. ............................................................................ 318
11.3. ..........................................................................320
11.4. ...................................................................................... 321
11.5. ..................................................................322
11.6. ......................... 324
11.7. ..........................................................................................................325
1 2 . AUTO CAD ...........................................................................................3 2 8

12.1. ............................................................................................................................ 330
................................................ 330
............. 331
.
................................................................332
12.2. . JUSTIFY ()..................................................... 334
12.3. . ........................................................................................336
.
............................................................................................. 336
.............................................. 337
12.4. ................................................................................... 340
12.5. ......................................................................................................................... 342
....................... 342
.................................... 348
........................ 349
12.6. . .................. 350
12.7. .........................................................................................................351
.............................................. 351
............................................. 354
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1 3 . :
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13.1. , ............................................................. 359
13.1.1. ..................................................................... 359

13.1.2. ()........................................................ 360
13.1.3. ..........................................................................363
13.1.4. () ......................................................... 364
13.2. : .................................................................................................... 365
13.3. .......................................... ............................................................. 369
13.4. . .................................................................... 370
13.4.1. ...............................................................................370
....................................................................... 370
................................................................................. 371
13.4.2. .
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................................................................................... 373
...........................................................................373
...................................................................375
............................................................. 375
13.5. .................................................................................................... 375
13.5.1. .
......................................................................... 375
13.5.2. ..................................................................377
13.5.3. ...............................................................................377
13.5.4.
.......................................................................... 377
13.5.5.
....................................................................379
13.6. .
................................................................................................................. 379
- Properties ( ).......................379
................................... ...................................380
13.7. AUTOCAD............................................... 381
......................................................................................................................S O I
14. . .............................. ................................. 384
14.1. AUTOCAD 2012 ....................................................................................................................385
14.1.1. .......................................................................... 385

...................................................................... 385
...................................... 386
14.1.2.
Dimension ()....................................................................... 388
14.1.3. ........................................ 390
14.2. ........................................................391
14.2.1. ...........................................................................391
14.2.2. ............................ 392
14.2.3. ,
...................................................................394
........................................ 394
...........................................395
()............. 395
.........................................................396
14.2.4. ...................................397
.............................................397
......................................................... 398
............................................................ 399
14.2.5.
......................................................... 399
14.2.6. ...................400
14.2.7. .................................402
14.3. ................................................................403
14.4. ...........................................................................................404
14.5. .
......................................................................................................404
1 5. ............................................................................ 405
15.1. ....................................................... ..........................................406
15.1.1. ................................................................... 406

15.1.2. ,
............................................... 408
..........................................................................
.. 408
. Text ().... 409
15.2. ....................................................................................................................409
15.3. ......................................................................................................................... 410
15.4. ................................................................................411
15.4.1. .............................................. 411

15.4.2. .................................... 413
15.5. ..................................................................................................................................414
15.6. .............................................................. 415
15.6.1. ......................................................415
15.6.2. ......................417
15.7. ......................................................................................................................... 418
15.7.1. ...................................................................... 418

15.7.2. ........................... 420
15.8. .........................................................................................................422
15.9. ................................................. 423
15.10. ..............................................................................................................................................425
15.11. .................................................................................. 426
16. ................................................................................................428
16.1. AUTOCAD 20 1 2 ............................................................................... 429
16.2. .........................................................................................................................431
16.2.1. ............................................ 431

...................... ..............................................433
........................................................... 434
.................................435
16.2.2. ........................................................... 435
16.2.3. ..................................... 437
16.3. .......................................................................................................... 438
16.3. .................................................................................................................. 440
17. . .
........................... 442
17.1. .......................................................................................... 443
17.2. .................................................................................................................................. 444
17.3. . ................................................................................ 447
17.4. ..................................................................................................450
17.5. ....................................................................................................... 454
17.6. ............................................................................... 455
17.6.1. .........................................................455
......................................... 455
.........................................................455
. ...... 457
17.6.2. ............................................................ 458
17.6.3. ........................................................... 463
.
...........................................................................................463
.
........................463
18.
...........................................................................465
18.1. ( ).......................................... 466
.....................................................................466
................ 469
18.2. EXCEL- ............................................................471
19. ...............................................472
19.1. .................................................473
,
............................................................................ 474
.................................475
........................................ 475
19.2. ................................................................................................ 476
19.3. ......................................................................................................477
......
19.4. ........................................... 478

19.5. .........................................................................................479
19.6. ........................................................... 480
20. AUTOCAD.
.................................................................................................................. 481
20.1. AUTOCAD DESIGN CENTER
( AUTOCAD).................................................................................. 482
AutoCAD Design Center ( Auto
CAD) ..................................................................................................................482
AutoCAD Design Center
( AutoCAD).................................................................484
AutoCAD DesignCenter
( AutoCAD)................................................................. 484
20.2. AUTOCAD DESIGNCENTER ( AUTOCAD)................ 486
20.2.1. .................................................486
20.2.2. ........................................................................................................ 487
........................................................................... 487
............................................................................................. 488
() ..............................................................................490
20.2.3. AutoCAD DesignCenter
( AutoCAD)................................................................. 490
20.3. AUTOCAD DESIGNCENTER
( AUTOCAD).................................................................................490
21. AUTOCAD 2012 ..........................................491
21.1. ....................................................... .........................492
...............................492
.
...............................................................493
....................................495
21.2. ()
- ........................................................................................ 496
.................................................................................... 496
................................................................................................496
....................................498
...........................................................................................499
() ....................................... 500
21.3. ........................................................................................... 500
21.4. ...501
21.5. AUTOCAD. OPTIONS ().............................................. 503
(Files)............................................................................. 503
(Display).
AutoCAD..................................................................................................504
/ (Open and S a v e ) .......................... 506
(Profiles). ..............507
.............................................................................................. 508
22. ...............................................................................................510
22.1. ............................................................................................511
................................ 511
................................................................... 512
22.2. ...................................................................................................................... 513
.................................... 514
, .............................................................................514
.................................................... 515
....................................... 516
..............................................................................................517
22.3. 4 ....517
22.4. AUTOCAD 2012...........................517
22.4.1. ............................................................... 517
22.4.2. Layout ().
........................519
23. .
................................................................ 524
23.1.
.......................................................................................................... 525
23.2. ...................................................................................................526
23.3. . ...............529
.............529
.......................................................530
9 .................................... ..................................
23.4. ................................................................................. 531

......................................531
.......................................... 532
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...................................................................................................... 533
24. ......................................534
24.1. ............................................................ 535
24.2. ................................................ 536
.............................................. 536
,
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24.3. TOOL PALETTES ( )
AUTOCAD............................................................................................................. 541
25- ..............................................................................543
25.1. ..........................................................................544
..................................................................................... 544
......................................................545
25.2. ....................................................... 545
25.3. ....................................................548
26. AUTOCAD 2 0 1 2 .......................................549
26.1. ..................................... 550
26.2. AUTOCAD..................................................551
26.3. .
...........................................................................................................................553
26.3.1. .............................................. 553
26.3.2. AutoCAD........................................555
3D Orbit. .............................. 555

....................................................................................................557
26.3.3.
............................................................................. 561
26.4. ................................................................................. 562
.................................................................................
26.4.1. ................................................................. 563

................................................... 563
........................................................................................ 564
..................................................................................... 565
............................................................................... 565
..................................................................................... 566
...........................................................................................567
26.4.2.
AutoCAD 2 0 1 2 ................................................. 568
26.4.3. ................................ 569
..........................570
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.......................... 571
26.4.4.
................................. 576
.............................................................................................. 576
26.5.
........................................................................................................................578
26.5.1. ..................................................................................... 578
. .....................................................................578
............................................................................................580
..........................................................................................581
.......................................................................................... . 582
.......................................................................................... 582

........................................................................................................... 583
26.6.
............................................................................................................... 584
26.7. ........................................................................................585
26.8. .....................................................586
.........................................586
26.9. ............................................................................... 587
.
.................................................................................................... 587
........................................................588
26.10. ......................................................................................... 588
......................................................................
27. AUTOCAD 2012...................... 59

27.1. ...................................... ............................................................... 590
27.2. ..................................................................................... 596
27.3. ........................................ 600
27.4. (INFER)................................................................................................................................. 600
- AUTOCAD 2 0 1 2 ..............................................................601
..............................................621
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8.
Arc ()
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Arc () (Draw).
,
(Draw).
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. ,
, . Arc
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:
Specify start point of arc or

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, ( ).
,
(. 5.25).
. 5.25.
2.
, .
.
Arc (), _.
:
Specify start point of arc or [Center]:
[]:
, ,
350,200. :
Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]:
[/]:
C enter ( ),
( _ ) Enter. :
Specify center point of arc:
:
, , 400,250.
:
Specify end point of arc or
[Angle/chord L e ng th ]:
[/ ]:
(Angle),
( _).
45 (
(
(DYN) ) . . 5.26):
Specify included angle:
:
, .
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AutoCAD Ellipse (),

.
,
.
Ellipse () :

(Draw) (
,
(Axis, End), (Center), (Arc));
(Draw)
(Ellipse).
: , (Axis, End),
(Center), (Arc);
: _ellipse ( ).
Ellipse ()
:
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or

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:
.

.

.
.
,
, .
. 5.28.

, Ellipse (
) (Center).
, (Arc).
-.

. 5 .2 8 .
9 .
1.
200 100.
. ,
Ellipse () :
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/ C e n t e r ] :
[/]:
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, , 200.
.
( )
, 20.0000<0 (
,
).
.
@200,0 ( @-200,0):
Specify other endpoint of axis:
0 2 0 0 ,0
: @200,0
3.
.
50:
Specify distance to other axis or
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[Rotation]: 50
Enter,
200 100 (. 5.29).
50, 100,
, (
).

(Rotation) .
,
( XY). : 0 89,4. 0,
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. 5.29.
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, ,
.
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Ellipse ()
, (Draw),
.
5 . 2 . 4 .
(D
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Donut () -
, ,
(. 5.31).
, 0,
.
Donut ()
:

( )
(Draw) -> (Donut);
: _donut ( ).

. 5.31.
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Specify inside diameter of donut <10.000>:
<10>
:
Specify outside diameter of donut <20.000>:

<20.000>:
,
( ), ( ).

.
,
:
Specify center of donut or <exit>j
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,
, .
Donut () Enter,
.
5.3.
5 . 3 . 1 . ( P o in t )
AutoCAD ,
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AutoCAD.
,
,
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. Point
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:

(Draw) ;
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(Single Point).
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, Esc
;
: _point ( ).
Point ()
:
Current
Specify
point inodes:
a point:
:
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, .
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blipmode ( ).
Enter, :
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blipmode ( _off).

. (View)
(Redraw). ,
_redraw.

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.
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2.
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: _revcloud ( ).
,
, .
, .

:
Minimum arc length: 15
Specify start point or
Maximum arc length: 15 Style: Normal

[Arc length/Object/Style] <0bject>:
: 15 : 15 :

[ //] <>:
:
, (
15), (Arc length).
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. 5.37.
. 5.37.
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. 5.38.
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6.1.
(PLINE)
AutoCAD ,
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Line (), . :
,
.
.
.

AutoCAD . ,
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Line (),
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.
. 6.1.
AutoCAD PLine
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(Draw) ;
(Draw)
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: _pline ( ).
PLine ()
. :
Specify start point:
:
, :
Current line-width is 0.000
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
0.0000
[////]:

- ,
. ,
. , ,
Close ():
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[/////]:
,
, .
, :
(Arc) -
.
(Close) - ,
. PLine
() .
, .
(Width) ,
.

- (
).
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,
(. 6.2).
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,
,
( ,
).
(Undo) -
.
(Width)
(Halfwidth)
. 6.2. (Width)
(Halfwidth)
. 10.8.

Arc (). ,
,
PLine () (Arc).
:
Specify endpoint of arc or [Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halgwidth/
Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/ Width]:
[/////
////]:
-
, .
(Line) -
.

:
(Angle) - .
(CEnter) - .
(CLose) - ,
.
(Direction) -
, .
.
(Radius) - .
(Second pt) -
.
(Halfwidth), (Width), (Undo)
.
PLine ()
,
.
,
.
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. , . 6.10
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245, 85.
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:
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190, 205.
190,135.
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6.2. (Spline):
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.
. ,
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AutoCAD Spline
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(Spline);
1
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: _Spline ( ).
Spline ()
:
Specify first point or [Object]:

[]:
:
Specify next point
:
,
,
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Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] <start tangent>:

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,
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Spline ().
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...................................................................
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6.3.
(Mline)
( )
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2 16 (. . 6.10).
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Mline (), :
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(Mline);
: _mline ( ).
Mline ()
:
Current settings: Justification = Top, Scale = 20,00 Style = STANDARD
: = , = 20,00, =
Specify start point or [Justification/Scale/Style]:
[//]:

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, (. 6.11):
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(
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.....................................................................................................................
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:
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.
,
(Boundary Creation), (Object type),
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AutoCAD Sketch ().
, _Sketch ( ).
,
, ,
:
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OPTO (ORTHO).
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;
F8.
,
.
7.2. (Snap Mode)

.

, . .
.
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),
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,
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,
(Settings).
17^\^5 -------------------- -----s e : 1

:

. 7.2.
(Increm ent angle)

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45, 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270
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. ,
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.
,
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.
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, 45, 10,
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.
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,
.
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9.11. .

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AUTOCAD 2012.

10.1.
1 0 . 1 . 1 .
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10.4.1.
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. 10.29.
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AutoCAD 2012
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12.1.
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13. (Thaw All Layers) -
( LAYTHW ( ));
14. (Layer Lock) -
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15. (Layer Unlock) -
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16. (Layer M erge) -
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17. (Layer D elete) -
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15 -2012 . at 10:44:28:430
15 May
15 May
0 days
0 days
0 days
2012 r. at 9:47:15:983
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1.
AutoCAD 2009.
2.
. . AutoCAD 2008. . .: ,
2008. 224 .: .
3.
. ., . . AutoCAD 2008. .:
, 2007. 704 .: .
4.
.. AutoCAD. -. .: -,
2003. - 353 .: .
5.
.. , . . .
3- .,
. . .: , 2004. 355 .: .
6.
. . KOMnAC-3D LT.
.: 2001. -
7.
. . AutoCAD 2009. .: -, 2009. 1184

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8.
. . AutoCAD 2010. .: -, 2009. 800 .:

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9.
. AutoCAD: ,
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10. .. AutoCAD . .: ,
2010.
11. . . AutoCAD 2011. .: -, 2011. 752 .:
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: ..
: ..

000350 23 1999 .
198097, . -, . , . 29.
20.02 .2 0 1 2 . 70x100 1/16.
. . 39 . .
2400 . 144.

180004, . , . , 34.

Жарков н.в., Прокди р.г., Финков м.в. - Autocad 2012 (Полное Руководство) - 2012

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14. . .............................. ................................. 384

14.1. AUTOCAD 2012 ....................................................................................................................385

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19.4. ........................................... 478

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