SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES

a) Shifted Sample & Step Sequences

b) General description of any sequences
c) Other Shifted sequences - The Linear
Sequence
d) Off-on properties of the unit step
sequence
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
a) Shifted Sample & Step Sequences
The general definition of a shifted unit sample
sequences is given by

In a similar way, the definition of a shifted unit

step sequence is
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
a) Shifted Sample & Step Sequences
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
b) General description of any sequences
This suggests that any sequence can be
described as a weighted sum of shifted unit
samples.
In particular the relationship is

Where x(m) gives the weight (amplitude) of the

sample located at n=m, the location being
specified by the shifted sample ..
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
b) General description of any sequences
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
b) General description of any sequences
The sequence of Fig. 2.9(b), for example, may
be describe as

We can always use the sequence notation

SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
b) General description of any sequences
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
b) General description of any sequences
The important sequences , the unit sample,
and u(n), the unit step, are related by the sum+

Which is illustrated in Fig 2.10 for three different

values of n, -3, 0 and 3, and by the difference
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
b) General description of any sequences
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
c) Other Shifted sequences - The Linear
Sequence
•Fig 2.11(a), x(n)=An, is shifted to the right as in
Fig 2.11(b) where the shifted version is
described by y(n)=x(n-4).A
•A shift to the left as in Fig 2.11(c) gives a
sequence z(n)=x(n+4)=x(n+4).A
•In general, the shifted version y(n) of a
sequence x(n) is given by

where n0 produces a right shift (a delay) and n0

<0 a left shift (or advance)
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
c) Other Shifted sequences - The Linear
Sequence
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
d) Off-on properties of the unit step
sequence – Pulse Sequence

u(n)=1, n≥0 and u(n)=0, n<0

SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
d) Off-on properties of the unit step
sequence – Pulse Sequence
SHIFTED & SPECIAL SEQUENCES
Exercise:
A discrete-time signal x(n) is shown in below.
Sketch and label each of the following signals:
a) x(n-2)
b) x(-n) x(n)
c) x(n+2) 3- - - - - - - -
d) x(-n+2) 2- - - -
1---
n
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6