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properties of tissues and seraproteins were analyzed. Author

presents a new concept of complicated system supporting calcium homeostasis after kidney transplantation. Changes in different biochemical markers of bone turnover are discussed and
pathophysiology of osteoporosis, osteomalacia and aseptic bone
necrosis in recipients of graft is considered. An exaggerated
resorption and low bone formation in association with decreased
intestinal calcium absorption was revealed as a result of immunosupressive glucocorticosteroid and cyclosporin A treatment.

1. .. : . ... - . . ., 1990. 88 .
2. .., .., ..,
.. //
- . : , 1987. . 161-171.
3. .., .., ..
// . 1990. 11. .
493-495.
4. .., .., ..,
., .., ..
// . 1991. 6. . 7578.
5. .., .., ..

// . 1991. 9. . 256-258.
6. .., .., ..,

.., .. ,
.
// . 1994. 4.
. . 39-43.
.. 7. .., .. , //
[9]. / . .. . : .,
1998.

8. .., .., ..,
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. //
. 2000. 4. . 23-28.

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//
. 1993. 12. . 591-593.
[7].
10. .., .., ..,
.. // : / . .. . .: SUMMARY
, : ., 1995.
Author summarized results of the longitudinal study in
. 1. . 183-211.
mechanisms of calcium homeostasis disorders in patients with
11. Nordin ... Ed. Calcium, Phosphate and
terminal renal failure and following successful kidney trans- Magnesium Metabolism. Churchill Livingstone. New-York.
plantation. Hormonal regulated paths and physico-chemical 1976. P. 683.

 1/2002

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2 274 607 , 45,1% (49% 36,9% ).
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 1/2002
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 1/2002

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 1/2002
2. .., .., ..

// . 2000. 1.
. 9-10.
3. .. //
. ., 2000.
. 76-77.
4. .., ..,
.. .

// . 1999. 3. . 2-6.
5. .., .., .., ..
- // . .,
2000. . 76.
6. .., ..
Elite plus // : . .,
2000. .177178.
7. . , ..,
.. . //
. .,
2000. .182-184.
SUMMARY
8. ., , . Aim of study: to investigate the near and remout outcomes . of hip fractures in 6,12 and 24 months and social consequenc- : . . .: , 1998. 352 .
es in people of urban population elder 50 years in different
9. Altadill Arregui A., Gomez Alonso , Virgys
Socriano M.J. et al. Epidemology of hip fracture in
region of Russia.
Asturias // Med. Clin. (Bare). 1995. V. 105, 8. P.
There were investigated 647 patients with hip fractures
281-286.
(438 females and 209 males) in Irkutsk-city (172 pts), in
lO.Baudoin C, Fardellone P., Bean K. et al. Clinical
Jaroslavl (133 pts), in Ekaterinburg (193 pts), in Electrostal
outcomes and mortality after hip fracture: 2-year follow
- city ofMoscowsky region (37pts) and in Khabarovsk - city
up study // Bone 1996. V. 18, 3 (Suppl). P. 149-157.
(112 pts). In 6 months 139 of 607pts died, the mortality (in
11.Browner W.S., Pressman A.R., Nevit M.C.,
Cummings S.R. Mortality following fractures in older
pts of both sexes) amounted to 21,5%. In one year mortality
increased to 33,6%. To the end of the second year 274 of 607 women. The study of osteoporotic fractures // Arch.
Intern. Med. 1996. V. 156, 14. P. 1521-1525.
pts died and mortality amounted to 45,1% (36,9% in males
12.Harris ., Kovar M.G., Suzman R. et al.
and 49% in females). The indices of mortality considerably
Longitudinal study of physical ability in the oldest old //
differed in different cities. The surgical treatment was conAm. J. Public Health 1989. V. 79. P. 698-702.
ducted in 59,3% (384 Of 647pts), skeletal extension - 31,2%,
13.Hernandez-Berian J.A., Segura-Garcia C, Cuevas
osteosynthesis was conducted in 17,3%; arthroplasty was car- F. et al. Economic burden of osteoporotic hip fracture//
ried out only in 7,1% of cases. Low functional possibilities and Rheumtology in Europe. 1997. V. 26, 2 (Suppl.). P.
51.
daily activity of pts, their poor self-attendance were revealed.
14.Meyer H.E., Tverdal A., Falch J,A., Pedersen J.I.
In 6 months outsider's attendance was required for 93,5% of
Factors associated with mortality after 'hip fracture //
pts, in one year - 78% and two year - 65,5% patients.
Osteoporosis Int. 2000. V. 11, 3. P. 228-232.
15.Parker M.J., Pryor G.A., Myles J. 11-year results
Key words: hip fracture, mortality, surgical treatment,
in
2846
patients of the Peterborough Hip Fracture Project:
functional possibilities.
recuced morbidity, mortality and hospital stay // Acta
Orthop. Scand. 2000. V. 71, 1. P. 34-8.

16. Riggs B.L., Melton L.J.III. The worldwide problem

1. .., .., ..,
of osteoporosis: insights afforded by epidemiology // Bone.
.. 1995. V. 17. 5 (Suppl.). P. 505-511.

17.Walker N., Norton R., Vander Hoom S. et al.
//
Mortality after hip fracture: regional variation in New Zealand
:
// N.Z.Med.J. 1999. V. 23., 112. P. 269-271.
. ., 2000. . 166-168.
, , .
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 1/2002

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 1/2002
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 1/2002

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 1/2002
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.
2.
.
3.

.

1. .. -
// : / .
.. // . 2000. . 62-76.
2. ..; .., .., .. // . 2000. 3.
. 1619.
3. .., . D. EULAR Publ., Basle 1996. P. 140.
4. .., P.P. //
. 2001. . 82, 1.
. 61-64.
5. El-Haj 3., Fuleihan G., Stock ., Saifi G., Me Clung
M.R. Bone mineral density reporting in the US: a national random
survey // Bone Miner Reg, 1999, 14 (Suppl 1), 52-53.
6. Faulkner K.G. Bone densitometry-choosing in proper
skeletal site to measure // J Clin Densitometry, 1998, 1:
279-285.
7. Faulkner K.G., von Stetten E., Steiger P., Miller P.
Discrepancies in osteoporosis prevalence at different skeletal sites:
impact on the WHO criteria // Bone 23 1998'.(Suppl): P. 194.
8. Greenspan S.L., Maitland-Ramsey L, Myers E.
Classification of osteoporosis in the elderly is dependent on sitespecific analysis // Calcif Tissue Int, 1996, 58: 409-414.
9. Lunar News. T-score. Contention is increasing // Lunar
News Winter, 1. 2000. P.I 1-12.
10. Lunar News. Bone Densitometry. Reimbursement in
US. Expanded//Lunar News. Autumn, 4. 1998. P. 6.
11. Mazess RB. T-scores differ among skeletal sites // Calcif
Tissue Int, 1999, 64: P. 104.
12. Rix M., Andreassen H., Eskildsen P., Langdahl .,
Olgaard K. Bone mineral density and biochemical markers of
bone turnover in patients with predialysis chronic renal failure /
/ Kidney Int, 1999, 56: 1084-1093.

 1/2002

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 1/2002

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1376,82
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103,567,13
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45

55,731,98
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1,970,73

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101,274,06
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 1/2002

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(=-0,66; <0,001).
. Rosen R. Adler (9) , . 1 , Z, , , ,
(>0,05). D3
(<0,05) (<0,05)
, Z, ,
(>0,05).

emia, hyperphosphatemia, hypercalciuria, and elevated levels of parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. The results of the study shows
that hyperthyroidism is associated with increased rate
of bone formation and bone resorption. Restoration of
BMD was not observed 1 year after the achievement of
euthyroid state in patients with hyperthyroidism. Calcium and vitamin Z), intake should be recommended to
the patients with hyperthyroidism.

1. .., ..,
.., .., ..,
.., .. - //
. 1997. .43, 5. . 12-16.
2. .., A.M.
- - // : /
. . .. . .: .
.. , 1989. .202.
3. Diamond ., Vine 3., Smart R., Butler P.
:

// Ann.Intern.
Med. 1994. 120. P. 8-11.
1.

4. Gomez Acotto C, Schott A.M., Hans D.,
. Nipomniszeze H., Mautalen C.A., Meunier P.J.
, Hyperthyroidism influences ultrasound bone
.
measurement on the os calcis // Osteoporos Int. 1998,
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2. -
5. Krolner ., Vesterdae Jorgensen J., Pors
, ,
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18. P. 439-446.
.
6. Lalau J., Sebert J., Marie A. et al. Effects of
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and its treatment on mineral and bone
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.
4. 1
7. Mosekilde L, Eriksen E., Charles P. // J.

Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. 1990. V. 19. P. 35-63.
.
8. Peerenboom H., Keck E., Kruskemper H.L,
5. Stronhemeyer G. The defect of intestinal calcium

transport in hyperthyroidism and its response to therapy
D3.
// J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1984, 59. P. 936940.
SUMMARY
9. Rosen C.J., Adler R.A. Longitudinal changes
Osteoporosis was detected more frequently in wom- in Lumbar Bone Density among Thyrotoxic Patients
en with hyperthyroidism compared to the control group. after Attainment of Euthyroidism // J .Clin.
The decrease of BMD was associated with hypocalciEndocrinol. Metab. 1992, 75. P. 1531-1534.

 1/2002

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1. T.C., ..,
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. 2000. 4. . 16-18.
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3. .. - : . ... . . . ., 1993.
19 .
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. //
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6. .., .. 2. : .
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7. Colao A., Ferone D., Lastoria S. et al.
,
Prolactinomas in adolescents: persistent bone loss after 2
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prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis. Am. J.Med.
4.
1993. V. 94. P. 646-650.
.
9. Di Somma C, Colao A., Di Sarno A., Klain
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SUMMARY
In purpose to estimate influence of the elevated PRL levels N., Saivatore M., Lombardi G. Bone marker and bone
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turnover in women with sustained hyperprolactinemia.
Mar. V. 83 (3). P. 807-13.
Thirty female patients of reproductive age (from 20 to 40
10. Eriksen E.F., Brixen K. and Charles P. New
. .) with various disorders of menstrual cycle were examined.
markers of bone metabolism: clinical use in metabolic bone
Prolactin levels accounted 82161926 fU/L.
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used for disease. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 1995. V. 251-263.
ll.Garnero P., Hausherr E., Chapuy M.C., Marcelli
analysis of the bone tissue condition on the ground of score in
C, Grandjean H., Muller C, Cormier C, Breart G.,
the hip and spine. Serum osteocalcin () and alkaline
Meunier P.J., Delmas P.D. Markers of bone resorption
phosphatase (ALP), as markers of bone formation and Ctelopeptide of type I collagen (CTx) levels as markers of bone predict hip fracture in elderly women: the EP1DOS
Prospective Study. J Bone Miner Res. 1996 Oct. V.
resorption, were measured using direct immunoassays.
11(10). P. 1531-8.
Bone mineral density (BMD) from - 1 to - 2,5 SD was
12. Calvo M.S., Eyre D.R., Gundenberg C M .
observed in 24% of patients, lower that -2,5 SD - in 3% of
patients. In 18% of patients loss of BMD was found in different Molecular Basis and Clinical Application of Biological.
Markers of bone Turnover // Endocrine reviews, 1996.
spine segments, in 3% of women - in the hip, and in 6% of
V. 17. P. 333-363.
patients - both in hip and vertebra. In most of these patients,
BMD loss correlated with the duration ofamenorrhea (r=0,725) 13. Sanfilippo JS. Implications of not treating
hyperprolactinemia. J Reprod Med 1999 Dec: V. 44 (12
and did not correlate with a level of prolactin.
Biochemical changes reflecting bone formation were not Suppl.). P. 1111-5.
14. Seibel M., Lang M., Geilenkeuser W.J.
found in our servey.
CTx levels were increased in 80% of patients and signifi- Interlaboratory variation of biochemical markers of bone
cantly correlated with prolactin levels (r=0,511) and avail- turnover. Clin Chem 2001 Aug; V. 47(8). P. 1347-9.
15. Shaarawy M., El-Dawakhly A. S., Mosaad M.,
ability, but not with duration of amenorrhea. CTx increase
was associated with more significant decrease of BMD. These El-Sadek M.M. Biomarkers of bone turnover and bone
changes demonstrate that patients with sustained hyperpro- mineral density in hyperprolactinemic amenorrheic women.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 1999 Apr. V. 37(4). P. 433-8.
lactinemia are at the high risk of the development of osteoporosis.

 1/2002

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2. .., .. . .: , 1999. . 270
273.
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 1/2002

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. , ,

[24]. ,
.
, ,
,
, , , ,

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