Reliance Industries - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

3/4/2015
RelianceIndustriesWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
RelianceIndustries
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
RelianceIndustriesLimited(RIL)isanIndianconglomerate
holdingcompanyheadquarteredinMumbai,Maharashtra,India.The
companyoperatesinfivemajorsegments:explorationandproduction,
refiningandmarketing,petrochemicals,retailand
telecommunications.[2][3]
ThegroupispresentinmanybusinesssectorsacrossIndiaincluding
petrochemicals,construction,communications,energy,healthcare,
scienceandtechnology,naturalresources,retail,textiles,and
logistics.RIListhesecondlargestpubliclytradedcompanyinIndia
bymarketcapitalisation[4]andisthesecondlargestcompanyinIndia
byrevenueafterthestaterunIndianOilCorporation.[5]Thecompany
isrankedNo.99ontheFortuneGlobal500listoftheworld'sbiggest
corporations,asof2013.[6]RILcontributesapproximately14%of
India'stotalexports.[7]
RelianceIndustries
Type
Public
Tradedas
BSE:500325(http://www.bseindia.com/stockshare
price/x/y/500325/),NSE:RELIANCE
(http://www.nseindia.com/marketinfo/companyinfo/companysearch.jsp?
cons=RELIANCE&section=7),LSE:RIGD
(http://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/pricesand
news/stocks/pricessearch/stockpricessearch.html?nameCode=RIGD)
BSESENSEXConstituent
CNXNiftyConstituent
Industry
Conglomerate
Predecessor
RelianceCommercialCorporation
1.119601980
Founded
1966
1.219812000
Founder
DhirubhaiAmbani
1.32001present
Headquarters Mumbai,Maharashtra,India
Contents
1History
2Shareholding
2.1Listing
Areaserved
Worldwide
Keypeople
MukeshAmbani
(ChairmanandMD)
Products
Crudeoil,naturalgas,petrochemicals,petroleum,polyester,textiles,
retail,telecom,media
3Operations
3.1Majorsubsidiariesandassociates
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliance_Industries
1/14
3/4/2015
4Employees
Revenue
US$75billion(2014)[1]
US$7.14billion(2013)[1]
6Awardsandrecognition
Operating
income
7Controversies
Netincome
US$3.86billion(2013)[1]
7.1DemergerofRILin200506
Totalassets
US$58.67billion(2013)[1]
7.2RILPlanegrounded
Totalequity
US$31.66billion(2013)[1]
5Environmentalrecord
7.3ONGCControversy
7.4PetitionagainstRelianceJio
8Seealso
Numberof
employees
23,519(2013)[1]
Website
www.ril.com(http://www.ril.com/)
9References
10Externallinks
History
19601980
ThecompanywascofoundedbyDhirubhaiAmbaniandhiscousinChampaklalDamaniin1960sasRelianceCommercialCorporation.In1965,the
partnershipwasendedandDhirubhaicontinuedthepolyesterbusinessofthefirm.[8]In1966,RelianceTextilesIndustriesPvtLtdwasincorporatedin
Maharashtra.ItestablishedasyntheticfabricsmillinthesameyearatNarodainGujarat.[9]In1975,companyexpandeditsbusinessintotextiles,with
"Vimal"becomingitsmajorbrandinlateryears.ThecompanyhelditsInitialpublicoffering(IPO)in1977.[10]Theissuewasoversubscribedbyseven
times.[11]In1979,atextilescompanySidhpurMillswasamalgamatedwiththecompany.[12]In1980,thecompanyexpandeditspolysteryarnbusiness
bysettingupaPolyesterFilamentYarnPlantinRaigad,MaharashtrawithfinancialandtechnicalcollaborationwithE.I.duPontdeNemours&Co.,
USA.[9]
19812000
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In1985,thenameofthecompanywaschangedfromRelianceTextilesIndustriesLtd.toRelianceIndustriesLtd.[9]Duringtheyears1985to1992,the
companyexpandeditsinstalledcapacityforproducingpolysteryarnbyover145,000tonnesperannum.[9]TheHazirapetrochemicalplantwas
commissionedin199192.[13]In1993,RelianceturnedtotheoverseascapitalmarketsforfundsthroughaglobaldepositaryissueofReliance
Petroleum.In1996,itbecamethefirstprivatesectorcompanyinIndiatoberatedbyinternationalcreditratingagencies.S&PratedBB+,stableoutlook,
constrainedbythesovereignceiling.Moody'sratedBaa3,Investmentgrade,constrainedbythesovereignceiling.[14]Intheyear199596,thecompany
enteredthetelecomindustrythroughajointventurewithNYNEX,USAandpromotedRelianceTelecomPrivateLimitedinIndia.[13]In199899,RIL
introducedpackagedLPGin15kgcylindersunderthebrandnameRelianceGas.[13]During19982000,thecompanycompletedsetupofintegrated
petrochemicalcomplexatJamnagarinGujarat.[13]
2001present
In2001,RelianceIndustriesLtd.andReliancePetroleumLtd.becameIndia'stwolargestcompaniesintermsofallmajorfinancialparameters.[15]In
200102,ReliancePetroleumwasmergedwithRelianceIndustries.[10]In2002,RelianceannouncedIndia'sbiggestgasdiscovery(attheKrishna
Godavaribasin)innearlythreedecadesandoneofthelargestgasdiscoveriesintheworldduring2002.Theinplacevolumeofnaturalgaswasin
excessof7trillioncubicfeet,equivalenttoabout1.2billionbarrelsofcrudeoil.ThiswasthefirsteverdiscoverybyanIndianprivatesector
company.[10][16]In200203,RILpurchasedamajoritystakeinIndianPetrochemicalsCorporationLtd.(IPCL),India'ssecondlargestpetrochemicals
company,fromGovernmentofIndia.[17]IPCLwaslatermergedwithRILin2008.[18][19]Intheyears2005and2006,thecompanyreorganizedits
businessbydemergingitsinvestmentsinpowergenerationanddistribution,financialservicesandtelecommunicationservicesintofourseparate
entities.[20]In2006,RelianceenteredtheorganisedretailmarketinIndia[21]withthelaunchofitsretailstoreformatunderthebrandnameof'Reliance
Fresh'.[22][23]Bytheendof2008,Relianceretailhadcloseto600storesacross57citiesinIndia.[10]InNovember2009,RelianceIndustriesissued1:1
bonussharestoitsshareholders.In2010,RelianceenteredBroadbandservicesmarketwithacquisitionofInfotelBroadbandServicesLimited,which
wastheonlysuccessfulbidderforpanIndiafourthgeneration(4G)spectrumauctionheldbyGovernmentofIndia.[24][25]Inthesameyear,Reliance
andBPannouncedapartnershipintheoilandgasbusiness.BPtooka30percentstakein23oilandgasproductionsharingcontractsthatReliance
operatesinIndia,includingtheKGD6blockfor$7.2billion.[26]Reliancealsoformeda50:50jointventurewithBPforsourcingandmarketingofgas
inIndia.[27]In2012,RILsetupajointventurewithRussianCompanySiburforsettingupaButylrubberplantinJamnagar,Gujarat.Theplantis
scheduledtobeoperationalin2015[28]Presently,VivekLallisthePresidentandCEOofNewVenturesintheChairmansOfficeatRelianceIndustries
Limited.[29]
Shareholding
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ThenumberofshareholdersinRILareapprox.3million.Thepromotergroup,Ambanifamily,holdsapprox.
45.34%ofthetotalshareswhereastheremaining54.66%sharesareheldbypublicshareholders,includingFIIand
corporatebodies.[30][31]LifeInsuranceCorporationofIndiaisthelargestnonpromoterinvestorinthecompany
with7.98%shareholding.[7]
Buyback:InJanuary2012,thecompanyannouncedabuybackprogrammetobuyamaximumof120millionshares
for 104billion(US$1.6billion).BytheendofJanuary2013,thecompanyboughtback46.2millionsharesfor
33.66billion(US$530million).[32]
Listing
Thecompany'sequitysharesarelistedontheNationalStockExchangeofIndiaLimited(NSE)andtheBSE
Limited.TheGlobalDepositoryReceipts(GDRs)issuedbytheCompanyarelistedonLuxembourgStock
Exchange.[33][34]Ithasissuedapprox.56millionGDRswhereineachGDRisequivalentto2equitysharesofthe
company.Approx.3.46%ofitstotalsharesarelistedonLuxembourgStockExchange.[30]
ItsdebtsecuritiesarelistedattheWholesaleDebtMarket(WDM)SegmentoftheNationalStockExchangeofIndia
Limited(NSE).[35]
CreditRatings:IthasreceiveddomesticcreditratingsofAAAfromCRISIL(S&Psubsidiary)andFitch.Moodys
andS&PhaveprovidedinvestmentgraderatingsforinternationaldebtoftheCompany,asBaa2positiveoutlook
(localcurrencyissuerrating)andBBB+outlookrespectively.[36][37][38]
ChairmanandMD:Mukesh
Ambani
Operations
Thecompany'spetrochemicals,refining,andoilandgasrelatedoperationsformthecoreofitsbusinessotherdivisionsofthecompanyincludecloth,
retailbusiness,telecommunicationsandspecialeconomiczone(SEZ)development.In201213,itearned76%ofitsrevenuefromRefining,19%from
Petrochemicals,2%fromOil&Gasand3%fromOthersegments.[7]
InJuly2012,RILinformedthatitwasgoingtoinvestUS$1billionoverthenextfewyearsinitsnewaerospacedivisionwhichwilldesign,develop,
manufacture,equipmentandcomponents,includingairframe,engine,radars,avionicsandaccessoriesformilitaryandcivilianaircraft,helicopters,
unmannedairbornevehiclesandaerostats.[39]
Majorsubsidiariesandassociates
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On31March2013,thecompanyhad123subsidiarycompaniesand10associatecompanies.[7]
RelianceRetailistheretailbusinesswingoftheRelianceIndustries.InMarch2013,ithad1466storesinIndia.[40]Itisthelargestretailerin
India.[41]ManybrandslikeRelianceFresh,RelianceFootprint,RelianceTimeOut,RelianceDigital,RelianceWellness,RelianceTrends,
RelianceAutozone,RelianceSuper,RelianceMart,RelianceiStore,RelianceHomeKitchens,RelianceMarket(CashnCarry)andReliance
JewelcomeundertheRelianceRetailbrand.Itsannualrevenueforthefinancialyear201213was 108billion(US$1.7billion)withanEBITDA
of 780million(US$12million).[7][42]
RelianceLifeSciencesworksaroundmedical,plantandindustrialbiotechnologyopportunities.Itspecializesinmanufacturing,branding,and
marketingRelianceIndustries'productsinbiopharmaceuticals,pharmaceuticals,clinicalresearchservices,regenerativemedicine,molecular
medicine,noveltherapeutics,biofuels,plantbiotechnology,andindustrialbiotechnologysectorsofthemedicalbusinessindustry.[43][44]
RelianceInstituteofLifeSciences(RILS),establishedbyDhirubhaiAmbaniFoundation,isaninstitutionofferinghighereducationinvarious
fieldsoflifesciencesandrelatedtechnologies.[45][46]
RelianceLogisticsisasinglewindowcompanysellingtransportation,distribution,warehousing,logistics,andsupplychainrelatedproducts,
supportedbyinhousetelematicsandtelemetrysolutions.[47][48][49]RelianceLogisticsisanassetbasedcompanywithitsownfleetand
infrastructure.[50]ItprovideslogisticsservicestoReliancegroupcompaniesandoutsiders.[51]MergedcontentfromRelianceLogisticstohere.See
Talk:RelianceIndustries#Mergeproposals.
RelianceClinicalResearchServices(RCRS),acontractresearchorganisation(CRO)andwhollyownedsubsidiaryofRelianceLifeSciences,
specialisesintheclinicalresearchservicesindustry.Itsclientsareprimarilypharmaceutical,biotechnologyandmedicaldevicecompanies.[52]
RelianceSolar,thesolarenergysubsidiaryofReliance,wasestablishedtoproduceandretailsolarenergysystemsprimarilytoremoteandrural
areas.Itoffersarangeofproductsbasedonsolarenergy:solarlanterns,homelightingsystems,streetlightingsystems,waterpurificationsystems,
refrigerationsystemsandsolarairconditioners.[53]MergedcontentfromRelianceSolartohere.SeeTalk:RelianceIndustries#Mergeproposals.
RelicordisacordbloodbankingserviceownedbyRelianceLifeSciences.Itwasestablishedin2002.[54]Ithasbeeninspectedandaccreditedby
AABB,[55]andalsohasbeenaccordedalicensebyFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA),GovernmentofIndia.
RelianceJioInfocomm(RJIL),previouslyknownasInfotelBroadband,isabroadbandserviceproviderwhichgained4Glicencesforoperating
acrossIndia.[56]NowitiswhollyownedbyRILfor 48billion(US$750million).[57][58]SandipDas,formerceoofMaxisMalaysia,isthecurrent
grouppresidentofRelianceJioInfocomm.[59]
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RelianceIndustrialInfrastructureLimited(RIIL)isanassociatecompanyofRIL.RILholds45.43%oftotalsharesofRIIL.[7]Itwas
incorporatedinSeptember1988asChemburPatalgangaPipelinesLimited,withthemainobjectivebeingtobuildandoperatecrosscountry
pipelinesfortransportingpetroleumproducts.Thecompany'snamewassubsequentlychangedtoCPPLLimitedinSeptember1992,and
thereaftertoitspresentname,RelianceIndustrialInfrastructureLimited,inMarch1994.[60]RIILismainlyengagedinthebusinessofsettingup
andoperatingindustrialinfrastructure.Thecompanyisalsoengagedinrelatedactivitiesinvolvingleasingandprovidingservicesconnectedwith
computersoftwareanddataprocessing.[61]Thecompanysetupa200millimetrediametertwinpipelinesystemthatconnectstheBharat
PetroleumrefineryatMahul,Maharashtra,toReliance'spetrochemicalcomplexatPatalganga,Maharashtra.Thepipelinecarriespetroleum
productsincludingnaphthaandkerosene.Ithascommissionedfacilitieslikethesupervisorycontrolanddataacquisitionsystemandthecathodic
protectionsystem,ajackwellatRiverTapi,andarawwaterpipelinesystematHazira.Theinfrastructurecompanyconstructeda71,000kilolitre
petrochemicalproductstorageanddistributionterminalattheJawaharlalNehruPortTrust(JNPT)AreainMaharashtra.
Employees
Ason31March2013,thecompanyhad23,519employeesofwhich1,159werewomenand83wereemployeeswithdisabilities.Italsohad29,462
temporaryemployeesonthesamedate.[7]AsperitsSustainabilityReportfor201112,theattritionratewas7.57%.[62]
Inits39thAnnualGeneralMeeting,itsChairmaninformedtheshareholdersoftheinvestmentplansofthecompanyofabout 1500billion
(US$24billion)innextthreeyears.ThiswouldbeaccompaniedbyincreasingthestaffstrengthinRetaildivisionfromexistingstrengthof35,000to
120,000innextthreeyearsandincreasingemployeesinTelecomdivisionfromexisting3,000to10,000in12months.[63]
Environmentalrecord
RelianceIndustriesistheworld'slargestpolyesterproducerandasaresultoneofthelargestproducersofpolyesterwasteintheworld.Inordertodeal
withlargequantitiesofwaste,theyoperatethelargestpolyesterrecyclingcentrethatusesthepolyesterwasteasafillingandstuffing.
Awardsandrecognition
InternationalRefineroftheYearin2013attheHARTEnergys27thWorldRefining&FuelConference.[1]ThisisthesecondtimethatRILhas
receivedthisAwardforitsJamnagarRefinery,thefirstbeingin2005.[64]
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AccordingtosurveyconductedbyBrandFinancein2013,RelianceisthesecondmostvaluablebrandinIndia.[65]
TheBrandTrustReportrankedRelianceIndustriesasthe7thmosttrustedbrandinIndiain2013and9thin2014.[66][67]
RILwascertifiedas'ResponsibleCareCompany'bytheAmericanChemistryCouncilinMarch,2012.[68]
RILwasrankedat25thpositionacrosstheworld,onthebasisofsales,intheICISTop100ChemicalsCompanieslistin2012.[69]
RILwasawardedtheNationalGoldenPeacockAward2011foritscontributioninthefieldofcorporatesustainability.[70]
In2009,BostonConsultingGroup(BCG)namedRelianceIndustriesastheworld'sfifthbiggest'sustainablevaluecreator'inalistof25top
companiesgloballyintermsofinvestorreturnsoveradecade.[71]
Thecompanywasselectedasoneoftheworld's100bestmanagedcompaniesfortheyear2000byIndustryWeekmagazine.[9][72]
From1994to1997,thecompanywonNationalEnergyConservationAwardinthepetrochemicalsector.[9]
Controversies
DemergerofRILin200506
TheAmbanifamilyholdsaround45%ofthesharesinRIL.[73]SinceitsinceptionthecompanywasmanagedbyitsfounderandchairmanDhirubhai
Ambani.Aftersufferingaheartattackin1986,hehandedoverthedailyoperationsofthecompanytohissonsMukeshAmbaniandAnilAmbani.After
thedeathofDhirubhaiAmbaniin2002,themanagementofthecompanywastakenupbyboththebrothers.InNovember2004,MukeshAmbani,inan
interview,admittedtohavingdifferenceswithhisbrotherAnilover'ownershipissues'.[74]Healsosaidthatthedifferences"areintheprivatedomain".
ThesharepricesofRILwereimpactedbysomemarginwhenthisnewsbrokeout.In2005,afterabitterpublicfeudbetweenthebrothersoverthe
controloftheRelianceempire,motherKokilabenintervenedtobrokeradealsplittingtheRILgroupbusinessintothetwoparts.[75]InOctober2005,the
splitofRelianceGroupwasformalized.MukeshAmbanigotRelianceIndustriesandIPCL.YoungerbrotherAnilAmbanireceivedtelecom,power,
entertainmentandfinancialservicesbusinessofthegroup.TheAnilDhirubhaiAmbaniGroupincludesRelianceCommunications,Reliance
Infrastructure,RelianceCapital,RelianceNaturalResourcesandReliancePower.[76][77]
ThedivisionofReliancegroupbusinessbetweenthetwobrothersalsoresultedindemergerof4businessesfromRIL.[78][79]Thesebusinesses
immediatelybecamepartofAnilDhirubhaiAmbaniGroup.TheexistingshareholdersinRIL,boththepromotergroupandnonpromoters,received
sharesinthedemergedcompanies.[20]
RILPlanegrounded
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BusinessjetownedbyRelianceIndustries(RIL)wasgroundedbyTheDirectorateGeneralofCivilAviation(DGCA)on22March2014duringa
surpriseinspection,forcarryingexpiredsafetyequipmentonboardandalsosuspendeditspilotforflyingwithoutalicence.[80]
ONGCControversy
InMay2014,ONGCmovedtoDelhiHighCourtaccusingRILofpilferageof18billioncubicmetresfromitsgasproducingblockintheKrishna
Godavaribasin.[81]Subsequently,thetwocompaniesagreedtoformanindependentexpertpaneltoprobeanypilferage.[82]
PetitionagainstRelianceJio
APILfiledintheSupremeCourtbyanNGOCentreforPublicInterestLitigation,throughPrashantBhushan,challengedthegrantofpanIndialicence
toRJILbytheGovernmentofIndia.ThePILallegedthatRJILwasallowedtoprovidevoicetelephonyalongwithits4Gdataservice,bypayingan
additionalfeesofjust 165.8crore(US$26million)whichwasarbitraryandunreasonable,andcontributedtoalossof 2284.2crore(US$360million)
totheexchequer.[83][84]
TheCAGinitsdraftreportallegedriggingoftheauctionmechanism,wherebyanunknownISP,InfotelBroadbandServicesPvtLtd,acquiredthe
spectrumbybidding5000timesitsnetworth,afterwhichthecompanywassoldtoRelianceIndustrieswithinminutesofacquiringlicense.[85]
Seealso
ListofcompaniesofIndia
VivekLall
Y.P.Trivedi
MakeinMaharashtra
MukeshAmbani
DhirubhaiAmbani
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