4.

2 Properties of Circles
This lesson has a lot of information,
this presentation will break down the
key information for each slide.

Slide 2 All Circles are Similar

Every circle is similar to every other circle.
The relationship can be defined in two ways:
The center of one circle is translated to be the center of the other one
One circle is a dilated version of another one, the length of their radii
can be used to determine the scale factor

Scale factor will equals 2 where 1 is the radius of the first circle and 2 is the
1
radius of the second circle.

Example of how it works:

Explain how circle A with the center at (2, 3) and a radius 1 is similar
to circle B with the center at (5, 6) and a radius 4.
- Going from (2,3) to (5,6) means the x value was increased by 3
and the y value was increased by 3. Rule of translation would be
(x+3,y+3).
2
- To find the dilation I need to use that fraction , my first radius is
1
for circle A, which is 1, and my second radius is for circle B, which
4
is 4, so I get or a scale factor of 4.
1

Slide 3 Parts of the Circular Circus

List of Definitions you want to be able to identify on a circle.
Circle: The set of all points that are the same distance away from
a fixed point
Radius: The distance between the center of a circle and any point
on the circle
Chord: A segment on the interior of a circle whose endpoints are
on the circle
Diameter: A chord that passes through the center of the circle

Arc: One section of the circumference of a circle

Minor Arc: An arc measuring less than 180
Major Arc: An arc measuring more than 180 but less than 360
Arc Length: The distance between two points on a circle

Secant: A line that intersects a circle in two places

Tangent: A line that intersects a circle in exactly one point
Point of Tangency: The point where the tangent intersects the circle

Concentric Circles: Two circles that share a common center

Slide 4 Angles with Vertices at the

Center of a Circle
Central Angle an angle on the interior of a circle with its vertex at the circles
center.
A central angle has the same measurement as the arc it creates
on the circle. So if is 80 then the arc PI is also 80.

Semi-Circle an arc where the central angle is created by a diameter of the circle.
It is always 180.
Central angle is 180 and arc PI is also 180. Arc PI
takes up half of the circle so it is called a semi-circle.

Adjacent Arcs share a common point.

Arcs AL and LO share the point on

the circle, point L.

Arc Addition Postulate - The measure of an arc created by two adjacent arcs may
be found by adding the measures of the two adjacent arcs.
This will only work when you have two adjacent
arcs, if they are not adjacent, it will not work.

Slide 4 Arc Addition Postulate

Example

+ =
- So we know by central angles CD = 81
- We were given that CE = 42
- Substitute the numbers we know:
42 + = 81
42
42
= 39

Slide 5 More Angles with Vertices at

the Center of a Circle
Two Arcs Apart two arcs on a circle that do not share a common point.
Two arcs apart, look like the picture here.

Congruent Arcs Theorem If two central angles are equal in measure, then the
arcs they create have the same measurement.
The image above represents
what the Congruent Arcs
Theorem looks like and below
is how the theorem works:

Another Example of the Congruent Arcs Theorem

So then ED FC
We already know that
4 7 = 3 + 2

Add 7 to both sides
4 = 3 + 9
Subtract 3x from both
=9
= 4 9 7 = 29
= 3 9 + 2 = 29

Slide 6 More Angles with Vertices on the

Interior (but NOT Center) of a Circle
Secant Angles two pairs of angles that are created by to secants of the same
circle intersecting
This is what secant angles look like

Secant Interior Angle Theorem The measure of a secant angle is equal to half
the sum of the arcs it and its vertical angle intercept.

Slide 7 Angles with Vertices on a Circle

Inscribed Angle a single angle that is located at a vertex on a circle created by
two secants.

Inscribed Angle Theorem The measure of an inscribed angle is equal to half the
measure of its intercepted arc.

Slide 8 More Angles with Vertices on the

Interior (but NOT Center) of a Circle
Tangent-Secant Intersection two pairs of angles that are created by to secants of
the same circle intersecting

Secant-Tangent Intersection Theorem When a secant and tangent intersect at

the point of tangency, the angles created at the point of intersection are half the
measurement of the arcs they intersect.

Slide 9 Angles with Vertices Outside a

Circle

Exterior Angle to a Circle

Theorem If two secants, two
tangents, or a secant and a
tangent intersect outside a
circle, the measure of the
1
created angle between them is
2
the absolute value of the
difference of the measures of
the intercepted arcs