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Contents
Purpose ....................................................................................................................................... 3
General Ledger Master Data ......................................................................................................... 4
Creation without reference ................................................................................................................ 4
Creation with reference .................................................................................................................... 11
Block General Ledger Master Data ................................................................................................... 13
Transaction Processing ............................................................................................................... 15
Posting of documents ....................................................................................................................... 15
Entering a Journal Voucher (Leading Ledger) ............................................................................... 16
Entering a Journal Voucher (Non Leading Ledger)........................................................................ 18
Display posted document ................................................................................................................. 20
Normal Ledger............................................................................................................................... 20
Parallel Ledger (IFRS) .................................................................................................................... 22
Reversal of document ....................................................................................................................... 24
Parking a G/L document ................................................................................................................... 26
Posting the Parked document........................................................................................................... 27
Periodic Processing .................................................................................................................... 28
Automatic Clearing of open items .................................................................................................... 28
Foreign Currency Revaluation ........................................................................................................... 31
Control on posting dates................................................................................................................... 38
Reports...................................................................................................................................... 40
Financial Statements ......................................................................................................................... 40
G/L Account Line Items ..................................................................................................................... 46
G/L Account Month-Wise Summary ................................................................................................. 49
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Purpose
This document explains the step by step process for creation of master data required in General
Ledger component of SAP Financial (FI).
The document is divided into following parts for convenience in understanding:
o
Menu Path
The transaction can be executed alternatively using this menu path of SAP GUI
Print Screen
The screenshot of the screen where the system will navigate user upon entering the T Code
or using the Menu Path
Explanation
Appropriate explanation of the process including brief information on following:
Explanation of the relevant fields involved
Additional data, if any, required for the transaction.
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Transaction code
FS00
After entering the above T Code, system will navigate you to the following screen. Enter the G/L
Code to be created and Company Code and click on
to create new G/L Account. Here, as you
can see, the screen is divided into certain logical parts. This is to differentiate the data in various tabs
based on the nature of information to be stored. Hence, we will go through relevant tabs one by
one.
Type/Description
This tab contains Chart of Account level data. This data remains common throughout the company
codes where this master is extended. This data, if changed, will change for all the company codes at
the same time.
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Fields
Field
Description
G/L Account
Company Code
Account Group
Functional Area
Select this Radio Button if the G/L is Profit & Loss Account
Short Text
Trading Partner
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Control Data
All the tabs from this contain Company Code level data. This data pertains only to the company code
in picture, and does not affect to any other company code.
This data has to be maintained separately for every company code.
Fields
Field
Description
Account currency
Only Balances in
Local Currency
Use this field if you want the balance of G/L Account only in Local
Currency of the company
Tax category
This field decides the nature of taxes that can be posted in the G/L
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Field
Description
Account. For e.g. If you want to restrict the G/L Account for Input Tax
then enter - here. But maintaining this - sign will not allow you to
book any entry without Tax.
If you want the G/L Account to book any entries without using Tax code
then select this button.
In this field you specify whether the G/L Account will be used as a
Reconciliation Account. For e.g. Vendor Recon., Customer Recon., Asset
Recon. Account.
Open Item
Management
This field enables Open Item Management. This field should be used in
case of G/L Accounts where you want to track the Debit against Credit by
clearing them against each other. This field is used mostly in case of
clearing accounts. For e.g. GR/IR Account, CENVAT Clearing Account.
This field is used in most of the G/L Accounts where line items are
available for viewing at Sub-Ledger level like Vendor, Customer or Asset
Reconciliation Accounts.
Sort key
This key defines what data will be entered by the system in Assignment
field of the G/L Account line item.
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Create/bank/interest
Fields
Field
Description
You need to select the relevant Field Status Group. This field
determines what fields will be available while posting a transactions in
this G/L Account. Given below is the list of available Field Status
Groups
Post Automatically
Only
Key word/translation
This tab is not relevant for us, hence skip it and go to the next tab.
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Information
Description
Created On
Created by
Change document
Click this button if you want to see the changes done to this G/L
Account
Note: The already created G/L account can be edited using same T Code i.e. FS00, in that case, just
enter the G/L Account and Company code and click on pencil button. This will allow you to do
the changes in mater data. But please be cautious while changing master data as any changes
in G/L account master after posting of transactions may cause problem in future.
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Transaction code
FS00
In cases where you want to create a G/L account which is similar in nature to some existing account,
we can use the functionality of creating G/L with reference.
In this case, enter the new G/L account to be created with the company code and click on
After clicking the button, system will ask you to enter the reference G/L Account and Company Code
from where the information is to be copied
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Click on
or press enter and system will copy all the data from this G/L Account as shown below:
Verify all the data copied in the new G/L account. Do necessary changes and then save.
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Transaction code
FS00
Enter the G/L Account and press enter, system will provide all the details regarding G/L Account.
Click on
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Description
Block in chart of accounts
Mark this option if you do not want the G/L Account to be created in any
Company Code
Mark this option if you do not want any transactions to be posted in the
G/L Account in any of company codes
Mark this option if you do not want planning to be done in the G/L
Account in any of company codes
Mark this option if you do not want any transactions to be posted in the
G/L Account in current company codes
Mark on appropriate option and click on save button in order to block postings in the G/L Account.
Page | 14 of 50
Transaction Processing
The transaction processing in SAP is majorly divided into following Two Parts:
Posting of Documents
In case of posting of documents, the documents are entered into the system using a particular
Transaction Code. Upon saving this document, system posts the entry and all the relevant accounts
updated immediately. This process is fast and convenient when an entry is to be posted
authorisation for the documents are already available and entry is to be posted to give effect for the
same in the system.
Parking of Documents
In case of document parking, the documents are entered into the system using a Transaction Code
specifically provided by SAP for parking. Upon saving this document, system does not post the entry
to any accounts. The entry so passed has to be verified by some other person and requires posting
by him/her. The person reviewing the entry can modify the document before posting. Once the
reviewer is satisfied with the entry, he/she posts the documents. Once this document is posted, the
system updates it in all the relevant accounts immediately. This functionality works as authorisation
of the vouchers.
Hence, we will divide our transaction processing majorly into these parts:
Posting of documents
Before we start looking to the document posting, we need to understand the structure of data in
SAP relevant for transaction processing.
The data in transaction processing is divided into two parts viz. Header data and Line Item data.
Header Data:
Line Item Data: This data is applicable for the specific line item only
For e.g. G/L Account, Posting Key, Amounts, Assignment, Cost Centre, Profit
Centre, Text etc.
Once we understand the structure of data in the document, we will move ahead and see how to
post a document in SAP.
Page | 15 of 50
Transaction code
FB50
Step I
Header Data
o Document Date: The date of reference document
o Posting Date: The date on which document should be posted in books of accounts
o Reference: Reference Number for this document
o Document Header Text: Text applicable for the whole document
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Step II
After entering the above data, click on Simulate
Upon simulation, system will show the entry that will be posted in the system as below:
In case you are satisfied with the above simulation, click on Post
and present you with the document number.
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Transaction code
FB50L
Step I
Header Data
o Document Date: The date of reference document
o Posting Date: The date on which document should be posted in books of accounts
o Reference: Reference Number for this document
o Document Header Text: Text applicable for the whole document
o Ledger Group 1F
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Step II
In case you are satisfied with the above simulation, click on Post
and present you with the document number.
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Transaction code
FB03
Document Number
Company Code
Fiscal Year
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Page | 21 of 50
Transaction code
FB03
Document Number
Company Code
Fiscal Year
Ledger
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Page | 23 of 50
Reversal of document
SAP ECC Menu
Transaction code
FB08
In case a user needs to reverse any accounting document (provided it is not cleared), it can be
reversed in the system.
Step I
Page | 24 of 50
Step II
After entering all required data click on
.After clicking, the system will
show you overview of the accounting document that you want to reverse as below:
Click on
Step III
If you are sure about reversal of the document, click on
and system will reverse the document
and provide the user with the new document posted for reversal.
Message by system: Document 100000116 was posted in company code 1000
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Transaction code
FV50
Page | 26 of 50
Transaction code
FBV0
Step I
Enter the relevant details
Step II
Check document and if everything is fine, click on Document => Post, the document will get posted.
Page | 27 of 50
Periodic Processing
This section contains information about the processes to be followed during the period end.
Transaction code
F.13
This process clears open debits against corresponding open credit line items automatically based on
the criteria maintained in the configuration. This process is used for GR/IR and Cenvat clearing G/L
accounts.
Page | 28 of 50
Fields
Field
Description
General Selection
Company Code
Fiscal Year
G/L Accounts
Posting Parameters
Clearing date
Test Run
This indicator simulates the posting that will be done (This will not post
any document). It is recommended to first do Test Run and check the
results. If results are found satisfactory, then come back to main screen,
remove tick of this option and re-run the transaction. Now at this time
system will do the actual posting.
Output Control
Documents that can be Display list of documents that can be cleared
cleared
Documents that cannot Display list of documents that cant be cleared
be clrd
Error Messages
This field generates error log which can be analysed to identify why a
group of documents cant be cleared
Page | 29 of 50
After entering all the relevant data, click on execute button and system will present you with the
output as given below:
In the above output, the documents appearing in green colour can be cleared against each other. All
other documents cant be cleared as they do not have zero balance.
If above is correct, remove test run and click on execute button, this will knock off the debits against
credits.
Page | 30 of 50
Transaction code
FAGL_FC_VAL
This process is to be performed to revaluate the balances lying in Vendor/Customer/GL. The data to
be entered for executing this transaction is divided into various tabs. We will explain the relevant
tables one by one required to execute the revaluation.
Postings
Description
Posting Mode
Company Code
Page | 31 of 50
Field
Description
Valuation Area
Test Run
This indicator simulates the posting that will be done (This will not
post any document). It is recommended to first do Test Run and check
the results.
If results are found satisfactory, then come back to main screen, tick
Post Valuation immediately and re-run the transaction. Now at this
time system will do the actual posting.
Valuation Reset
Reset Valuation
When you set this indicator, the open items are valuated at the
acquisition price. This way the valuation difference is set to zero. The
old valuation method is reset. The account determination is reversed:
The revenue that arises is posted to the expense account.
Posting Parameters
Determine
Automatically
Field
Impact
Document date
Same as Valuation key Date
Posting date
Same as Valuation key Date
Posting period
Period for Posting Date
Reversal posting date
Next day of Valuation Key Date
Reverse Post. Period
Period for Reversal Date
If Determine automatically is not selected, then the system allows you to enter all the above
dates manually
Page | 32 of 50
Description
Vendor Selection
Valuate Vendors
Vendor
Once you tick above option, system allows you to enter the Vendor
Code. You may enter single vendor code or a range of vendors
Customer Selection
Valuate Customers
Vendor
Once you tick above option, system allows you to enter the Vendor
Code. You may enter single vendor code or a range of vendors
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Field
Description
Central Selection (Available in all the tabs)
Currency
Document Number
Fiscal Year
This tab is used when you want to valuate G/L Accounts with Open Item Management
Page | 34 of 50
Description
G/L Account Selection
Currency
Document Number
Fiscal Year
Central Selection
This field should be used if you wish to revaluate documents posted
only in a particular currency.
This field should be used if you wish to revaluate documents posted
only in a particular Document.
Fiscal Year of the above document
This tab is used when you want to valuate G/L Accounts without Open Item Management
Page | 35 of 50
Description
G/L Account Selection
Central Selection
Currency
Postings
Reverse Postings
After entering all the relevant data as mentioned above, click on Execute and the system will show
the documents that will be revaluated along with all other details as given below:
Click on
button and the system will show the accounting document that will be generated
against this revaluation as below:
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Page | 37 of 50
OB52
This transaction is used to control which period in Financial Accounting can be posted to.
Fields in OB52
Field
Description
Variant
Enter 1000, this is the Posting Period variant assigned to Company Code 1000
Account Type
The accounting can be controlled using Account Type. The list of available
account types is available below
From acct
To account
From Per.1
From period which you want to open for posting. For e.g. entering period 8
here will open period from November
Year
To Period
To period which you want to open for posting. For e.g. entering period 12 here
will open period from March
Year
From per.2
In addition to above periods, this period can be used if you want to open some
period other than the above
Year
Page | 38 of 50
To Period
In addition to above periods, this period can be used if you want to open some
period other than the above
Year
Note: In above screenshot, the period opened for posting in Finance is November 2014 to March
2015.
List of Account Types available
Account Type
Description
Asset Accounting
Debtors
Customers
Material
G/L Accounts
Page | 39 of 50
Reports
Financial Statements
SAP ECC Menu
Transaction code
This Transaction Code is used to view the Financial Statements. System navigates you to the
following screen after entering the T Code
Page | 40 of 50
Fields in f.01
Field
Description
G/L Account Selection
Chart of accounts
G/L account
Please do not use this field as this will restrict the results to a particular
range of G/L Accounts
Company code
Search string
Enter Business Area if you want the results for a particular Business
Area.
Currency type
Enter 10
Ledger
Description
Specifies the key which identifies the balance sheet and profit
and loss statement version (Structure of reporting)
Reporting year
From period of the year for which you want to draw the
Financial Statements
Page | 41 of 50
Field
Description
Reporting periods To
To period of the year for which you want to draw the Financial
Statements
Comparison year
From period of the year from where the data will be drawn for
comparison
Comparison periods To
To period of the year from where the data will be drawn for
comparison
Classic List
ALV Grid Control
ALV Tree Control
Once all the information is fed in above fields, click on the next tab i.e. Special evaluation and system
will navigate you to the following screen:
Description
This parameter controls which periods flow into the reporting and
comparison period.
Balance sheet type.........1 (default)
This means that an accumulated balance sheet is created, that is,
the balance is calculated from the balance carried forward plus
Page | 42 of 50
Field
Description
Alternative Account
Number
If this parameter is set, system will present the accounts with zero
balance in the output.
Display currency
If you specify a currency key here, all amounts are translated into
this currency. The translation is carried out on the date you have
specified in the "Key date for translation" field. The translation rate
stored in the system is used.
Calendar reporting
period From
Calendar reporting
period To
Comparison calendar
period From
Page | 43 of 50
Field
Description
Comparison calendar
period To
Once relevant information is fed in above fields, click on the next tab i.e. Output Control and system
will navigate you to the following screen:
This tab consists the summarisation levels of the output, hence do not change this.
After all the relevant data is entered click on Execute
The system will show the statements as below:
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Page | 45 of 50
FAGLL03
This transaction code provides you with the line items posted in a particular G/L Account.
Fields in FAGLL03
Field
Description
G/L Account Selection
G/L Account
Company code
Field
Description
Search string
Cleared Items
Tick this radio button if you want to see all the cleared items
Clearing Date
All Items
Tick this radio button if you want to see all the items posted in the G/L
Account irrespective of whether it is open or cleared
Posting Date
Type
Ledger
List Output
Layout
Maximum Number You may restrict the output to particular number of documents here
of Items
After all the data is entered, click on Execute. The system will show you the G/L Line Items Report as
below:
Page | 47 of 50
Note: Use
Page | 48 of 50
FAGLB03
The T Code provides us with Month-wise Debit/Credit and balances for the G/L Account
Fields in FAGLL03
Field
Description
Account Number
Company Code
Fiscal Year
Ledger
Page | 49 of 50
This is a month-wise summary report, in order to get line item details click on the following cells,
which will present data based on the nature of cell:
Cell Name
Data presented
Debit
Credit
Balance
Cum. Balance
All the debits and Credits from beginning till the period
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