Faculty of Engineering at Benha

Department of Civil Engineering

1st Mid Term Exam March 2013

Pollution and Society

5th year
Model Answer

Question 3
A stream river with a flow of.25 m3/s has the following conditions at a control station (A) at 250 m above the MSL.
The water temperature is 27C, the air temperature of 24C, the BOD reaction rate (K20) = 0.25 d-1 and temperature
coefficient =1.056, the DO and BOD5 for the river water is 6.55 and 3.86 mg/L, Respectively. The average speed
of stream flow is 0.04 m/s. The depth is 5.0 m and the bed-activity coefficient is 0.45. The required minimum DO in
the stream is 4.5 mg/L, how much additional BOD5 (from wastewater plant of flow 3.25 m3/s and DO of 2.22 mg/L)
can be discharged into the stream and still maintain the minimum DO in the stream.
1-DO saturation water Temperature = 27 C
DO sat = 14.65-0.41T+0.008T2-0.000077T3
DO sat = 14.65 - 0.41(27) +0.008 (27) 2- 0.000077 (27) 3 = 7.9 mg/ L
2- Correction Factor

A= 24 C Air Temperature
E= 250 m = 820.2 

. ( .  . 
( .
.

= 0.9797

DO sat corrected = 7.9 * 0.9797 = 7.74 mg/L

3- DO after mixing ( DO0 )
DO0 = DOstream * Q stream + DO ww * Q ww / (Qstream + Q ww)
DO0 = 6.55 * 25 + 2.22 * 3.25 / (25 + 3.25)
= 6.05 mg/L
4- initial Deficit D0 ( after mixing)
D0 = DO sat - DO0 = 7.74 - 6.05 = 1.7 mg\ L
5- K1 ( Kd) deoxygenating rate

5. The reaeration rate constant (K2) and the deoxigenation rate constant (K1)
5.1 The deoxigenation rate constant (K1)


 =  =  + ( 

K1= 0.25 + (0.04 x 0.45 / 5) = 0.2536 d-1
Temperature correction by

K1 at Temp 27C = Kd20 T-20 =0.258 x (1.135)27-20

= 0.6153 d-1

(7 points)

Faculty of Engineering at Benha

Department of Civil Engineering
1st Mid Term Exam March 2013

Pollution and Society

5th year
Model Answer

5.2 The reaeration rate constant (K2)

.

K2 =Ka=.   .

K2= 3.9 x 0.04 0.5 / 5 1.5= 0.0697 d-1
Temperature correction by

K2 at Temp 27C = K20 T-20 =0.0697 x (1.024)27-20

= 0.0823 d-1
6. The critical DO in the stream .
Min required DO is 4.5 mg\ L
Dc = DO sat DO min = 7.74 4.5 = 3.24 mg\L
 =
& =
& =

 

! 

! 

("  #$ % " !#$  +  (" ! #$ 



'( ) ! *1 % 



. . .
.

! 

 
. .

'( )

.
.

,-

*1 % 1.70

Equ.1

. . .
.
.
. 1 2

,-

Equ.2

7. get value of Lo
By assuming various values of Lo and get tc from Equ.2 then substitute in Equ.1 to get
Dc make many trials until reach to Dc nearly equal to Dc= 3.24
Lo
10
9
8
7
6
6.5
6.6
6.7

tc
3.516386
3.48982
3.457132
3.415925
3.362354
3.39101
3.396267
3.401382

Dc
5.059885
4.517812
3.975345
3.432327
2.888512
3.16054
3.214915
3.269281

Faculty of Engineering at Benha

Department of Civil Engineering
1st Mid Term Exam March 2013

Pollution and Society

5th year
Model Answer

Lo = 6.7 mg/L (BOD u after Mixing)

8- Find BOD5 at water temperature T= 27C from Lo

Compute BOD5 in the stream ( after mixing) at T=27 C :
BODt = BODu (1-e-kt)
KT= K20(T-20)
K27= 0.25 (1.056)(27-20) = 0.366 d-1
BOD5 stream after mixing= 6.7 [1-e- K27(5) ] = 5.625
9- Find BOD5 of additional wastewater

BOD5 stream after mixing = BOD5 x Qs stream + BOD5 x Qp wastewater plant/(Qs + Qp )

5.625

= 3.86 *25

BOD5 of additional wastewater = 19.2 mg/ L

BOD5 ww *3.25

/(25+3.25)