..

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2008

 81.4
55
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2008 .

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.. , . . , . ()
..
55 : - /
.. ; . . - . .. . , 2008. 60 .
ISBN 978-5-88006-541-7

.

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.
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81.4

ISBN 978-5-88006-541-7

C.. , 2008

.
,

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,
,
.

,

, , .
.
,
.

 1

1.
(. 1).
2. .
.
3. :
) . , .
) . .
) .
4. :
) . (. ).
.
) . .
) .
5. - .
) - .
) - . ,
. , . , . , . .
) - .
4

6. .
) . . , 4, , .
) . (. 3).
2

1. :
a) , ei, ai au:
seins, swein, baurgs, flodus, qens, menos, haihait, qius, haurn, steigan,
sokei, auhsa, augo, is, weis, hweila, hors, taujan;
) : dius, diuzus,
kiusan, giban, magus, qian, hafjan, tigus, gos, godis.
2.
.
.
. weorpan, . verpa . wairpan ();
. fihu, . feoh . faihu ();
. etan, . ezzen . itan ();
., . . verr . wair ();
. turi, . duru, . dyrr, . daur ();
., ., hord; . hort . huzd ();
. dailiz . dails ();
. sittan . sitan ();
., . beran . bairan ();
., . suht, . sott . sauhts ();
., ., . wesan, . vesa . wisan ();
. ok, . joh . juk ();
., . horn . haurn ();
. firen, . firna . fairina (, );
. fola, . fole . fula ();
. burZ . baurgs ();
. seolf . silba (self).
3. ,
( , +): silubr (), silubreins (), hardu+hairtei
(), faura+dauri (), in+kunja (), bi-sitan
5

( ), ga-tiuhan (), asilu+qairnus (, ), gud+hus ( ), goda+kunds ( ), fimf+taihun (), mikil+uhts (), fra-giban (, ).

1. Dala an atgaggandin imma af fairgunja, laistidedun afar imma
iumjons manags. 2. jah sai, manna rutsfill habands durinnands inwait ina
qiands: frauja, jabai wileis, magt mik gahrainjan. 3. jah ufrakjands handu
attaitok imma qiands: wiljau, wair hrains! jah suns hrain war ata
rutsfill is ( , . VII).
4. , ,
.
.
1. in .
2. an .
3. imma
. .
4. af
5. manags
6. manna
7. fill
8. haban
9. rinnan
10. qian
11. frauja
12. wiljan
13. mik
14. hrainjan
15. magan
16. ufrakjan
17. handus
18. wairan
19. ata
20. is

./*.

in
anne
him

in
dann
ihm (. imu)

in

of
many
man
fell, film
have
run
*cweDan

ab
manch
mann
Fell
haben
rinnen

ab

will
*mec
*hridder
may
reach
hand
*weorDan
that

Frau
will, wollen
mich
rein
mgen
reichen
Hand
werden
das
er

. memini
pellis
. rivus
. veto < *gueto
. primus
velle, volo
me
cribrum

vertere
istud
is

 3

4. jah qa imma Iesus: sai ei mann ni qiais, ak gagg, uk silban
ataugei gudjin jah atbair giba oei anabau Moses du weitwodiai im.
5. afaruh an ata innatgaggandin imma in Kafarnaum, duatiddja imma
hundafas bidjands ina, 6. jah qiands: frauja, iumagus meins ligi in garda uslia, harduba balwips. 7. jah qa du imma Iesus: ik qimands gahailja
ina ( , . VII).
( 17)
1. .
:
) ;
) ;
) .
2. -a-.
.
3. ?
. ,
--, -u- -i-.
4.
-n- . .
5. ,
manna . .
6.
, , , : hrains, hrain, silban, uslia, managos. . hrain.
.
7. 1 3 . .
8. im. .
9. , ata oei.
7

10. (, , ) , :
) Iesus, hundafas, iumagus, meins;
) fairgunja, garda;
) rutsfill, giba, frauja;
) gudjin, mann, weitwodiai.
11. ,
af, afar, du, in.
12. : dala, an, suns, afaruh, harduba.
4

8. jah andhafjands sa hundafas qa: frauja, ni im wairs ei uf hrot
mein inngaggais, ak atainei qi waurda jah gahailni sa iumagus meins.
9. jah auk ik manna im habands uf waldufnja meinamma gadrauhtins jah
qia du amma: gagg, jah gaggip; jah anaramma: qim, jah qimi; jah du
skalka meinamma: tawei ata, jah taujip. 10. gahausjands an Iesus sildaleikida jah qa du aim afarlaistjandam: amen, qia izwis, ni in Israela
swalauda galaubein bigat. 11. aan qia izwis atei managai fram urrunsa
jah saggqa qimand, jah anakumbjand mi Abrahama jah Isaka jah Iakoba in
iudangardjai himine: 12. i ai sunjus iudangardjos uswairpanda in riqis
ata hindumisto; jainar wairi grets jah krusts tuniwe. 13. jah qa Iesus
amma hundafada: gagg, jah swaswe galaubides wairai us. jah gahailnoda sa iumagus is in jainai eilai ( , . VII).

1. . ? .
2. : qa, sildaleikida, bigat, galaubides, gahailnoda. ?
, , .
3. bigat qa? ?
.

4. sildaleikida, galaubides gahailnoda? .

II. .
.
5. :
qia, qimi, tauji, gaggi, gahajilni, wairi, anakumbjand, qimand;
andhafjands, gahausjands, habands, afarlaistjandam;
qi, gagg, qim, tawei;
inngaggais.
6. gahailni.
7. , wairan.
. . weorDan.
.
8. : in-gaggan, gahailnan, gahausjan, afarlaistjan. () .
.
9. , im 8, 9 4.
10. 111 . . wisan.
11. ni im ( 8), ni bigat
( 10). .
.
5

1. ata qiands Iesus usiddja mi siponjam seinaim ufar rinnon o
Kaidron, arei was aurtigards, in anei galai Iesus jah siponjos is.
2. wissuh an jah Iudas sa galewjands ina ana stad, atei ufta gaiddja Iesus
jainar mi siponjam seinaim. 3. i Iudas nam hansa jah ize gudjane jah
Fareisaie andbahtans, iddjuh aindwairs mi skeimam jah haizam jah
wepnam. 4. i Iesus witands alla oei qemun ana ina, usgaggands ut qa im:
wana sokei? 5. andhafjandans imma qeun: Iesu, ana Nazoraiu. aruh
qa im Iesus: ik im. stouh an jah Iudas sa lewjands ina mi im. 6. aruh
9

swe qa im atei ik im, galiun ibukai jah gadrusun dala. 7. aroh an ins
aftra frah: ana sokei? i eis qeun: Iesu, ana Nazoraiu ( ,
. XVIII).

1. ,
: stas, aurtigards,
wepna, sokjan, alls, qian, skeima, ik. .
2. , :
ana, ana, ina. , .
.
3. - . .
. . witan?
4. :
wissuh, iddjuh, aruh, stouh.
uh?
5. anei, oei?
? arei atei?
6. ufar, mi, ana?
7. : usiddja, was, galai, wissuh, nam, qemun, qa, qeun, stouh, gadrusun. .
.
. , 4 6 . .
8. I.
, .
9. . , : .
( , )?

10

 6

8. andhof Iesus: qa izwis atei ik im; jabai nu mik sokei, leti ans
gaggan. 9. ei usfullnodedi ata waurd atei qa, ei anzei atgaft mis, ni
fraqistida ize ainummehun. 10. i Seimon Paitrus habands hairu, uslauk ina
jah sloh is auhumistins gudjins skalk jah afmaimait imma auso taihswo; sah
an haitans was namin Malkus. 11. aruh qa Iesus du Paitrau: lagei ana
hairu in fodr. stikl anei gaf mis atta, niu drigkau ana? ( ,
. XVIII).

1. hairus,
slahan, auso, skalk, lagjan, , .
, .
2. tahswo auhumistins.
3. I .
? ?
4. .
, . .
5. uslauk. ?
. ?
6. andhof sloh? . , .
7. VII .
? VII ? VII ?

11

8. ,
letan, usfullnan, lagjan drigkan.
, : leti, usfullnodedi, lagei, drigkau.
9. , haitan.
?
10. in 1113 ( ) 11, 15 ( ). .
.
11. accusativus cum infinitivo. . .
7

12. aruh hansa jah sa usundifas jah andbahtos Iudaie undgripun
Iesu jah gabundun ina, 13. jah gatauhun ina du Annin frumist; sa was auk
swaihra Kajafin, saei was auhumists weiha is atanjis. 14. wasuh an Kajafa, saei garaginoda Iudaium atei batizo ist ainana mannan fraqistjan faur
managein. 15. aruh laistida Iesu Seimon Paitrus jah anar siponeis. sah
an siponeis was kuns amma gudjin jah miinngalai mi Iesua in rohsn
is gudjins. 16. i Paitrus sto at daurom uta. aruh usiddja ut sa siponeis
anar, saei was kuns amma gudjin, jah qa daurawardai jah attauh inn
Paitru ( , . XVIII).

1. . .
Gt. anar OE Der;
Gt. hansa OE hs;
Gt. was OE wxs;
Gt. laistjan OE lxstan;
Gt. tauhun OE tuZon;
Gt. daur OE duru;
Gt. batizo OE betera.
2. kuns
.

12

3. .
. .
4. . ? .
5. , undgripun,
gabundun gatauhun. , . . . ?
6. . : . , .
7. ,
, 12, 15 16.
8. .
9. is atanjis.
10.
saei atei .
, .
11. , : rutsfill ( 1), hundafas, iumagus ( 2, 3),
iudangardi ( 3), aurtigards ( 4), usundifas, daurawarda (
6). . .
8


1. War an in dagans jainans, urrann gagrefts fram kaisara Agustau,
gameljan allana midjungard. 2. soh angilstrameleins frumista war at raginindin Saurim Kwreinaiau. 3. jah iddjedun allai, ei melidai weseina,
arjizuh in seinai baurg. 4. Urrann an jah Iosef us Galeilaia, us baurg
Nazarai, in Iudaian, in baurg Daweidis sei haitada Belahaim, due ei was
us garda fadreinais Daweidis. 5. anameljan mi Mariin sei in fragiftim was
imma qens, wisandein inkilon. 6. war an, mianei o wesun jainar, usfullnodedun dagos du bairan izai. 7. Jah gabor sunu seinana ana fruma13

baur jah biwand ina jah galgida ina in uzetin, unte ni was im rumis in stada
amma. 8. jah hairdjos wesun in amma samin landa, airhwakandan jah
witandans wahtwom nahts ufaro hairdai seinai ( , . II).

1. Slice on m daZum wxs Zeworden Zebd fram am casere Augusto, t eall ymbehwyrft wre tomearcod. 2. eos tomearcodnes wxs
xryst Zeworden fram am dman SyriZe Cirino. 3. And ealle his eodon, and
syndriZe ferdon on hyra ceastre. 4. a ferde Iosep fram Galilea of xreceastre Nazareth on ludeisce ceastre Dauides, seo is Zenemned Betheleem,
for- am e he wxs of Dauides huse and hirede; 5. xt he ferde mid Mariane him beweddod wxs, and wxs Zeeacnod. 6. Slice wxs Zeworden a h
r wron, hire daZas wron Zefyllede xt ho cende. 7. And ho cende
hyre frumcennedan sunu, and hine mid cildclaum bewand, and hine on
binne alde, for am e hiZ nxfdon rum on cumena huse. 8. And hyrdas
wron
on am ylcan rice waciende, and nihtwxccan healdende ofer heora heorda
(o , . II).

, (
) : c
, , .
, .

14


1. , .. / .. [ .]. ., 1998.
2. , . : 2 . ; . . .,
19551956.
3. , .. . ., 1958.
4. , .. . . 1 : . ., 1997.
5. , . ; .
. ., 1952.
6. , .. ( ). ., 1982.
7. , . ; .
. ., 1954.
8. , .. ( ).
., 1983.
9. . . 2 : .
., 1962 ; . 3, 4 : . ., 1963.
10. , .. . ., 2001.
11. , .. . . ;
., 1960.
12. Skeat, W. A Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language.
Oxford, 1963.

15


a
aba (n) (. . abne, . . abnam) ; . afe , , . .
uobo .
abu, . af.
af (. .) , , ; abu = af + . . u; .
af, . f, of, . aba, ab, . ab (<*ap), . ap.
afaikan (. 7) (. afaik) , ; . (in-) eihhan
.
afar (. . [. .] . [. .]) , ; .
avar, abur, . aparam .
afara (n) ( , 1, 5) ; . eafora, . aaro.
afargaggan , (-).
afarlaistjan , .
afarltan (. 7) , .
afaruh (.) , (); afar + . uh.
afltan (. 7) .
afmaitan (. 7) .
afniman (. 4) , .
aftiuhan (. 2) , .
aftra (.) , ; . aptr , , . fter, . . after.
aggilus (u i) ; . engell, . nl, . engil, . engil ( .
).
agis () (. agisis) ; . eesa, esa, ., . egiso (n), .
egisa (n).
ahaks (i) (. ) () .
ahma (n) ; . aha (n) , . ahta .
ahtuda (.) (. .- ( , I, 59) ahtudim); . ahtau ; . eahtoa, . . ahtodo, . octo.
aigan (.) ; 1, 3 . . . ih, 1 . . aigum, 2 . . ihu,
3 . . aigun; 3 . . . ihta, 3 . . ihtdun, . I aigands;
. eigan, . n, . gan, . eiga.
ains (.) ; . ein; . n, . n, . einn, . unus.
ainshun (.) , (. ( , XVIII, 9, 31)
ainummhun).
ara () ; . era, . eore, . jr, . erda, ero.
aiei (n) ; . eide , . eia , edda ; . .
um, . eidum ; . . iti, . eit .
16

ais () (a) ; . th, . , . eir, . eid. ; . . eth .

aiau (.) ; . od(h)o, ed(d)o, . , . eddo, . .
aiwaggeli (ja), aiwaggeljo (n) (. ).
aiws ( i) , ; . . aiw (.) :
ni aiw ; . wa , . fi , , . . aevum .
aiz () , ; . r, . r ; . . aes, . aeris
, , . urdu .
ajukds (i) .
ak (.) ; . oh, . , . ak. akran () ; . akarn ; . ackeran , , . rn;
. akrs (), . akr, . r, . akkar, . achar ,
; . . agrs, . ager.
alakjo (. .) , .
aldomin ( , I, 36) . . ; aleis ; .
altuom , . ealdom .
alew () ( . oleum . laion ).
alewja (. .) (. .).
alhs (.) , . ealh, . alah ; . . alkas , .
allis (.) , ; (.) .
alls (. .) , , ; . al (l), . eall, . all, . allr.
amen (. . ).
an (., . .) .
n (.) , ; . n(), . n, . an. . . an .
anabiudan (. 2) , , .
anabusns (i) , ; . bysen, bisn , . .
anbusni , . bsn ; . . .
anafilhan (. 3) .
anahnaiwjan (. 1) , .
anakumbjan (. 1) ; . accumbere (*ad-cumbo).
and . . , , , , ; . ant-, int-, ent- . . .
ante , . ant .
andahafts (i) . andanahti (ja) ; nahts.
andaugjo (.) ; . aug.
andbahtjan (. 1) ; . embtta , , .
ambihtian, . ambahten.
17

andbahts () ; andbahti (ja) ; . ambeht, . ambahteo,

. ambaht; . . ambtt , ; . (. . ambactus ).
andbeitan (. 1) . , , .
andbindan (. 3) .
andeis (ja i) ; . ender, ende, . ende, . endi, . enti .
. . anti, antos ().
andhafjan (. 6) .
andhausjan (. 1) .
andniman (. 4) , .
andwari (ja) , ; . waran; .
antwart .
ansts (i) , ; . st, . st, . anst.
nr (. .) , ; . annar ntara , . ,
. ar, . andar anderhalb (.), . . antras .
armahartei (n) ; . armherz; .
misericors, misericordia; . arms ,
hart .
asts () ; . . ast; . . zos, . ost.
at (. . [. .] . [. .]) , , , ; . at,
. t, . at, . . . . ad.
atani (ja) ; at n .
ataugjan (sik) (. 1) (-).
atbaran (. 4) .
atgagaggan .
atgaggan (. 7) , , .
atgiban (. 5) , .
athaitan (c. 7) .
atlagjan (. 1) , , .
atsaan (. 5) , , .
atstandan (. 6) .
atta (n) ), .
atte, . atto; . . . atta, . .
attkan (. 7) . .
attiuhan (. 2) , .
aan (.) , , , .
auft, ufto (.) , .
augjan (. 1) ; . eygja, . gan, . ougen.
augo (n) ; . auga, . , . ga, . ouga; . . oculus,
. / .
18

ahuma (.) . ; . ahumists.

auk (.) , , ; . auk, ok, . , . k, . ouh.
artigards (i) ; . artja ,
gards (.); . orteard, orcead , a. orchard .
auso (n) ; . r, . re . . r. . . auris (<*uasis)
. os.
auida () ; aus / auseis , . d.
awiliudon (. 2) ; awiliu () .
b
bagms () ; . bagn, . bmr, . bam, . bm, . boum.
bai , ba (.) ; . b, b, . bde, beide (*bei diu). . .
amb .
baran (. 4) (), , ; . bera, . . .
beran. . . ferre , fr, . bhrmi .
bargahei (n) ; . . bjarg , . beor, . .
berg . . . .
barhts (.) () , , ; bairhtaba (.), bairhtei
(n) , ; . beraht, . beorht, briht.
balwjan (. 1) . ; . . .
bandwjan (. 1) ; . benda; bandwa (n) .
barn () , (. II bairan); . . . barn, . bearn.
batiza . . gs; . beiro.
bargs (.) , , ; . borg, . bur, . .
burg , .
beidan (. 1) . ; . ba, . . bdan, . btan.
beist () , .
bi (. . .) , , , , , ; . .: bi
sunjai ( , II, 32) ; . . b, . bi.
bida () , ; . beda, . beta.
bidjan (. 5) ( j . ., . ba) , ; (
1, 10) (.) . . . Beidandans ei . i; . bija, .
biddan, . biddian, . bitten. . . fdere .
bigitan (. 5) (. bigast) ; . geta , , . biietan , , , . bigetan , , . pigean , .
bie (. .) , ; . bi e.
bimaitan (. 7) .
19

bindan (. 3) ; . binda, . . bindan, . bintan. .

. bndhati .
bisaan (. 5) .
bisaulnan (. 4) .
bisitan (. 5) . . I: bisitandam
( , 1, 65) . bisunjane (.) . bitiuhan (. 2)
: bitauh weihsa bisunjane ( M, VI, 6)
.
bi (.) , ; (.) , ; . bi, ata.
biudan (. 2), , ; , .
anabiudan, faurbiudan; . bja, . bodan, . biotan. . . .
biuhti (ja) , .
blinds (.) () ; ., . blind, . blindr, . blint. . .
blands .
bokareis (ja) ; . bcere, . uchri; boka () , .
bokos ; . bc, . boekr, . bouh.
botjan (. 1) / ; bota () .
briggan, bringan (.3) (. brhta) , ; .
brinan (brhte), . bringan (brhta).
broar (r) ; . bror, . bror, . brir, . bruoder. . .
frter, . (* ).
bugjan (. 1) (. bahta) ; . bycan, .
buggian; . byggia ().
d
dags () ; . dagr, . d, . dag, . tag. . . dgti .
daimonareis (ja) , ( . damn) dala
(.) , ; . dals ( dal ) ; . dalr ,
. dl , . dal , . tal . . . .
daufs (b) (.) () ; . daufr, . daf, . toub.
dahtar (r) ; . dttir, . dohtor, . dohtar, . tohter. .
. duhitr.
daupeins (i ) ; . toufi(n); . diups .
daupjan (. 1) ; . daupjands . (-nd) ; . deypa
, . depan, dyppan , , . dpian, . touffan
.

20

dar () , (); ., . dor, . tor. . .

drys .
darawarda () , ; darawardo (n)
, ; . dar wardja (n) .
daus () (., .?) ; . diwan (. 5) ; .
daur, . dad, . dd, . tt.
dauus (u) ; . daui, . dad, . dth, . td.
disdriusan (. 2) -.
drig(g)kan (. 3) ; . drekka, . drincan, . drinkan, . trinkan.
driusan (. 2) ; . drosan, . driosan, . trran .
driuso (n) , .
drobnan (. 4) , . . drobjan (. 1) .
du (. .) ; . t, . zuo, za, ze, z.
duatgaggan (. 7) .
duginnan (. 3) ( .); . . be- /oninnan,
. biginnan.
due (p.) , , ; . du e.
dumbs (.) ; . dumbr, ., . dumb, . tumb.
durinnan (. 3) .
due, due (., .) , , ().

ei (. ., .) , , , , .
eian (.) .
eis ; . is.
eisarn . . (a) ; . sa(r)n; . *sarnaf
faginon (. 2) , ; . fagna, .
fnian, ., . faginn.
fahes (. , 1, 14 faheds) (i) .
fargreipan (. 1) . .
farguni (ja) .

21

farus (u) () , , ; . . fjr ,

. feorh , , ., . fer(a)h ,
, , .
farina () , ; . firn . , . firn, . .
firina , .
farra (.) , ; . fjarre, . feorr, . fer, . ferro. . .
pr , . porro .
farraro (.) , .
fareisaius (u i) .
faho (n) ; . fa, . voha , fuhs .
far(a) (. . . .) , , ,
, , .
faragaggan (. 7) , .
faraqiman (. 4) -.
farbiudan (. 2) ; . farbiotan.
farhtjan (. 1) ; faurhtei ; . fyrhtan, . forhtan,
fur(i)hten.
fawai (.) . () (*faus); . fa, fawa, . f(h), fao. .
. pauci .
fera () , .
fidwor (.) ; . fjrir, . fower, . fi(u)war, fior, . fior.
filhan (. 3) , , ; . fela, . folan
, . bifelhan , . (bi)felahan.
filigri (ja) , .
filu (. .) ; . fil ( ), . fe(a)la, . .
filo, filu. . . pols, . plnus.
fimf (.) ; . fimm, . . ff, . fimf, finf.
fisks () ; . fiskr, . fisc, . fisk, . fisc.
. . piscis, . .
fodr () ; . fr , . for , , . fuotar
, .
fotus (u) ; . ftr, . . ft, . fuo. . . ps/pdis, .
pos/pods, . .
frabugjan (. 1) .
fragifts (i) ; fragiban (. 5) , . giban; . .
(vir)gift , ; . gipt , . . gift, . ift,
yft , .
frahnan (. 5) (. frah frehum, . frahans) ; .
fregna, . frinan. . frgon, . frgn. . . precr.
fraisan (. 7) , .
22

fraistubni (jo) .
fraletan (. 7) , , .
fram (. .) , , ; (.) ; . . . fram, . from.
framaldrs (.) ; fram aldra; alan ; . . aldr,
. ealdor , . aldar, . altar , . . . altus
, alere .
fraqistjan (. 1 .) ; . firquisten fraqistnan (. 4) .
fraqian (. 5) , .
frajan (. 6) ( -j .) , , ; .
frai (ja) , fros / frods ; . froei , , . fruoti .
frauja (n) , , *; . fr, . frio, frao, .
friega, . freyr. . . -.
frawarhts (.) () ; . (i) ; . farworaht.
frodei (n) , , ; . fros ; . fruot.
fruma , frumist . . (.) .
frumist (.) , ; frumists . fruma (.) , ; . . frumburr , .
fruma , . fruma . . . primus, . prmas.
fugls () ; . fugl, . fuol, . fugal, . fogal.
fula (n) ; . foli, . fola, . folo. . . plos , . pullus .
fulljan (. 1) ; . fylla, . fyllan, . fullian, fullon, . fullen.
fullnan (. 4) , .
fulls (.) () , ; . fullr, . ful, . full, .
fol(l); . . pilnas, . , . plnus, . polys.
g
gabaran (. 4) , ; . giberan.
gabaurjaba (.) , .
gabars (i) , , ; . byr, . ebyrd, . giburd,
. giburt.
gabindan (. 5) , , .
gabrikan (. 4) , ; . (gi)brehhan. . . frangere.
gabruka () .
gadaunan (. 4) , .
23

gadrahts (i) ; . drtt , . dryht , . truht .

. . .
gadriusan (. 2) .
gadrobnan (. 4) .
gafahrjan (. 1) .
gafilhan (. 3) .
gafulljan (. 1) .
gafullnan (. 4) .
gagaggan (. .) .
gageigan (. 3) , ; . gingn .
gagg () , , ; . gangr , gang , . n, ., .
gang .
gaggan (. .) (. Iddja, gaggida) ; . ganga, .
onan, . gangan, . gangan, gn, gn.
gahaban (. 3) , , .
gahailjan (. 1) .
gahailnan (. 4) , .
gahausjan (. 1) .
gahrainjan (. 1) .
gahuljan (. 1) , .
garda () ; (bi)gairdan . . gards; . gura, . gurten, gurtil(a), . gurdian, . urdan.
garnjan (. 1 .) ; (faihu)gairns ; . girna, . iernan, . girnian; . geron.
galagjan (. 1) .
galaubeins (i) ; . . elofa, . gilo, . gilouba.
galaubjan (. 1) ; . liufs (b) ; a. elyfan, . gilian,
. gilouben.
galaugnjan (. 1) , .
galeikan (. 3 .) .
galeian (. 1) , , ; , ; . la, .
. lan, . ldan .
galewjan (. 1) , .
galga (n) , , ; . galgi, . gealga, . galgo, .
galga. . . alg .
galiugan (. 3) . . ; liuga . () .
gamarzjan (. 1) , .
gameljan (. 1) ; mel ; . maln . mla.
gamikiljan (. 1) .
24

gamotjan (. 1) (-); . mta, . mtan, emtan, . mtian,

. muoten .
gamunan (. .) , .
ganasjan (. 1) .
ganiman (. 4) ; ( ), , .
ganijis (ja) .
ganijo (n) .
gaqiman (. 4) .
gaqums (i) .
garaginon (. 2) . . .
garahtei (n) , ; . girihti, . gerihte .
garahts (.) , *; raihts , ; .
gereht. . . rctus, regere, rx.
gards (i) , , ; garda ; . garr ; ; ;
; . eard, . gard , ; , .
gart(o) ; . . chrtos , , . hortus , . ,
.
gasaan (. 5) .
gasakan (. 6) , .
gasalbon (. 2) ; salbons . () ; . salbon, salba.
gasatjan (. 1) , , .
gasitan (. 5) .
gaskohi (ja) , skohs () ; . skr, . sc(h), . skh,
. skuoh.
gasleijan (. 1) .
gasojan (. 1) ; sas ; . soedan. . . saturre, .
-, . sots.
gastandan (. 6) , , .
gaswiltan (.3) .
gataujan (. 1) , .
gateihan (. 1) , ; . ta, tj, . ton, . gizhan
, . . . dcere, . deiknynai.
gatils (.) () , .
gatiuhan . 2) .
gaarsnan (. 4) ; gaairsan (. 3) ; . (far)
dorrn.
gaiujan (. 1) .
galahsnan (. 4) , .
galiuhan (. 2) , .
gaurs (.) () , .
25

gawandjan (. 1) , ; ~ sik .
gawarkjan (. . 1) .
gawi (ja), . . gaujis p, ; . gawi, . gou, .
-g ( ). . *ga-awia (-) , . .
aa , . aqua.
gawisan (. .) .
giba () , ; . gjf, . iefu, . gea, . geba.
giban (. 5) ; . gefa, . iefan, . gean, .
geban. . . habre.
goleins (i/) .
goljan (. 1) ; . gla , . alan, . galan,
gellen , , .
gos (d) (.) (. batiza, . batists); . gr, . od,
. gd, . guot.
gredags (.) , gredus . (u) ; . graugr, . rdi,
. grdag, . grtag , .
greipan (. 1) , ; . grpa, . rn, . grfan. .
. griebti.
grets (?) ; . grtr (), . gr .
groba () , graban (. 6) ; . grf, . gruoba. . .
, .
gudhus () ; . gus; ., ., ., . hs.
gudja (n) , sa auhumista gudja ; . goe,
gue, . gudija.
gudjinassus (u) , .
gudjinon (. 2) .
gu (d) (), . ; .* gua ; . go, gu,
. od, . god, . got .
h
haban (. 3) ; . hafa, . habban, . hebbian, . habn, hn.
hafjan (. 6) ( j . hafja . hof) , ; . hefja, . hebban, . hebbian, . heffan, hevan. . .
capere.
hailjan (. 1) ; hails , , ; . heila, . hlan, . hlian, . heilan, heiln. . . .
26

haims (. i-., . -.) , ; . heimr ,

. hm , . hm, . heim . . . kima ,
. , . km .
harda () ; . hjrd, . heord, . herta. . . .
harto (n) ; . hjarta, . heorte, . herta, . herza. . .
, . cor / cordis, . karda.
harus (u) ; . hjrr, . heoru.
haitan (. 7) (. hahit) , , (-), ;
. heita, . hatan, . htan, . heian. . . citre .
haizam . . (o hais) .
halbs ( .) () ; halba ; . halfr, . healf, .
half, . halb. . . scalpere .
haldan (c. 7) (), ; . halda, a. healdan, . haldan,
. haltan, haldan.
hana (n) , . hane, . hana, . han. . . canere , .
i-kans (.. ).
handugei (n) ; handugs (.) .
handus (u) ; -hinan , ; . hnd, . hond, . hand,
. hant . (u/i).
hansa () , ; . hs, . hansa.
harduba (.) .
hardus ( .) , , ; . harr, . heard, .
hard, . hart(i), herti; . . kratys(-os).
haubi () (d) ; . hafod, . hbid, . houbit, houpt, . haufu; . . caput.
huhs ( .) , , , . huhista; . hr (hr),
. hah, . . hh.
hari (ja) , . ; . hyrr .
hausjan (. 1) , ; . heyra, . hran, hyran, . hrian,
. hr(r)en. . . cavre , . akustiks.
heito (n) , , ; . heitr, . hat, . ht, . hei
(.) , hi(e)a. . . kaitra .
her (.) ; *his .; ., . . hr, . hiar, hr(a). . . cis,
citra .
hidre (.) ; . hera , . hider .
himins () ; . himinn; . heofon, . hean, . . himil. .
. , . hamo hamar .
hindar (.) . ., , , , hindana (.)
, ; . hinder, . hintar, . hintri .
27

hindumists . ( , VIII, 12) ,

.
hiuhma (n) , ().
hlaifs (b) (hlaibs ( , IV, 3) () () ; . hleifr, . hlf,
. hlf, . (h)leib; . . hlford (. lord) ,
hlfdige (. lady) .
hlaiw . () .
hlaiwasnos . () ; .
hlauts () ; . hlautr , . hlt, . (h)l,
hlioan , .
hnaiwjan (. 1) , ; hneiwan (. 1) ; .
hneigja, . hngan, . (h)neigen , , hngan . . . nictre .
horinon (. 2) ; horinassus . (u) . . .
crus .
hrainjan (. 1) ; . hrnn, . reinnen, reinn.
hrains (., -i/-ja) ; . hreinn, . hrni, . (h)reini.
hropjan (. 1) , , ; hrops . , ; .
hrpa, hroepa, . . hrpan, . (h)ruofan (. 7) (h)ruofen (.
1). . . crepre .
hrot () , , ; . hrt, . . hrost , .
hrugga () .
hrukjan (. 1) , ( ); . . hraukr .
huljan (. 1) (-); hulundi (jo) ; . hylja, . bihullian, . hullen. . *celere, occulere .
hundafas (d) (i) ; hunda . . (.) ; faa . (o)
; . hunt, ., . hund. . . hekatn, . centum, .
, .
hunslastas (d) (i) , ; hunsl () stas
(d) (i) o; . . hsl ; .

aiwa (. .) , , -; . (h)wio.
ana . as.

ar (. .) ; . hvar, ., . hwar.
28

arbon (. 2) , ; . hvarfa, , hwearfian, . hwaron,

. warbn.
as , o . , . (.); . : . . ana ,
o , a ; . is , .; . . amma

, izai ; . e . . . qu, quod, . ks ,

.
aiwa (. .) , , -; . (h)wio.
adre, a, aro (.) , .

azuh , oh , ah (. .) ; as
uh.
e, . as. . . ; . . -.

eila () , ; eilo oh (.) ; . hwl, . hwl(a),

. (h)wla. . . quitus .
ileiks, a(s) leik (.) eleika ( , 1, 29) (.) , ; . hvlkr, . hwylc, . hwilk, . (h)welh. . . quis.
is, . as.
o, . as.
i
ibai (. . . .) ... , ; . ef, . if, . ef,
. ibu.
ibuks (.) , .
iddja . gaggan.
idreigon (. 2) , ; idreiga . (o) .
idweit () , ; . edwt, . itiw.
iftuma ., iftumin daga .
iggqis, igqis . u.
ik (.) ; : . . mik, . meina, . mis; . .
weis, . uns, unsis, . unsara, . unsis, uns; . . wit, . .
ugkis; . ek, . ic, . ik, . i(c)h. . . eg, . .
im (. .), . wisan.
im . . is.
imma . . is.
in (. . . .) , , , -. . . in, . en.
29

ina . . is.
infeinan (. 4) . du .
ingaggan (. .) .
inkilo (n) , . kilei.
inmaideins (i/) .
inn, inna (.) , , ; ., . inn, . . n.
innatgaggan (. .) .
innatgahts (i) .
insaan (. 5) .
insandjan (. 1) , .
inweitan (. 1) , ; . wtan , .
wtan , . wan , .
inwidan (. 5) .
is (. ) , ita ; . . ina , ita ; . Is ; .
imma ; . . eis, ij; . ins, ija; .
ize, . im; . er, , si(u) . . . is, id.
ita (.), . is.
i (.) , , ( ). . . et .
iumjo (n) , , , .
ize, . is.
izei ize , sei (. .) , ; . . .
izwar (. .) ; . ower, . iuwar.
izwis, . u, jus.
J
ja (.) ; . j.
jabai (.) . . ibai.
jah (.) , ( ); . joh.
jainar (.) .
jaindwas (. ); . jaind (.)
waran, jains (.) (), . .; . n, .
(j)ener, . inn ( ). . . , .
jainro (.) .
jana, . jains.
ju (.)
juan (.) . ju an.
k
30

kalds (.) ; . kaldr, . ceald, calan , . kald, .

kalt. . . gelre .
karkara () ; . carcer.
kas () ; . ker, . char, kar.
kilei (n) ; . . cild .
krusts .
kuni (ja) , ; . kyn, . nn, . kunni, . kunni. . .
genus, . gnos, . .
kunnan (.) ; . . 1 . kann, 2 . kant, . 1 . kunnum, 2 .
kunnu, . kunnun, . kuna; . kunna, . cunnan, . .
kunnan , . . . (g)nscere , . gnskein .
kuns (.) ; . kunnr, . , . kth, . kund.
l
lagjan (. 1) , . leggja, . lecan, . leggian, . leg(g)en; .
ligan.
laikan (. 7) (. lalik) ; laiks . (i) ; . leika , . lcan , . leih , .
laisareis (ja) , ; . lerri.
laiseins (i/) . .
laisjan (. 1) , . lais (. .) , lists , ;
. lran, . lrian, . lren.
laistjan (. 1) , laists (i) ; . lstan, . lstian, .
leisten.
land () , ; . . . land, . lant.
latjan (. 1) , , , lats ; . letja,
. lettan, . lettian, . lezzen .
laufs (b) () , ; . lauf, . laf, . lf, . loub. . .
().
laugnjan (. 1) , -, ; .
liugan (. 2) ; . leyna , . lenan, . lgnian, .
lougenen.
lausjan (. 1) , ; . laus (.) () , ; . ls/lsen, . las/lesan, . ls/lsian, . lauss.
lausqirs (.) () , . laus qius .
31

leik () (), ; . lk, . lc, . lk, . l(c)h; .

. Leiche , . , , .
leitils (.) , (. minniza, . minnists); . litell,
. lytel, . luttil, . liuzil, luzzil.
leiu ( , 1, 15) . . , (. ?).
letan (c. 7) (. lalot) , , ; . lta, .
Itan, . ltan, . ln.
lewjan (. 1) ; lew . . () , ; . lwan, .
gi-, firlen.
ligan (. 5) ; . ligan; . . liggja, . lic(e)lan, . liggian,
. lig(g)en.
lofa ? (n) ; slah lofin ( , XVIII, 22) , .
lfe.
m
magan (.) , ; . . 1, 3 ., mag, 2 . magt,
. 1 . magum, 2 . magu, 3 . magun, . . mahta, . mahtedun; . mega, . . magan, mugan.
magas () (i) ; magus (u) , ; .
m(e), . maga, . magad, magazogo .
mahts (i) , ; . mttr , . meaht, miht, . .
maht.
maists . . mikils; maizo; mais . . filu; sa maista gudja (
, XVIII, 24, 26) ; . mestr, . mst, mst,
. mst, . meist.
maitan (. 7) (npo. mamit) (), ; . meita, .
meian.
managei (n) , , ; . mengi , . meniu ,
. . menig . manags (.) ; . moni, mni, . .
manag. . . magnus.
manases (d) (i) , ; . manna -ses , saian ; . s , . st (i) . . . satus .
manna (.) , ; . . mnnn, . mans, .
mann, . . . mans, mannans, . manne, . mannam; . mar,
. mnn, . man(n), mon(n), manna, . . man. . . .
manwjan (. 1) , ; manwus (u) ,
manwuba (.).
32

marei (n) ; marisaiws . ; . saiws; . marr (i), . mere

(i) , . meri . (i) .(ja), . meri mr .
. . mare.
marka () , ; . mrk () , . mr, .
mr, . marc(h)a; . . marg , .
matibalgs (i) , ( ); balgs . (i) ; ., . balg
, (), . bielg, bel(i), . belgr.
matjan (. 1) , , mats . (i) ; . mettan (), . ma.
margins . ; . myrgenn, morgonn, . moren, meren, . .
morgan. . . ().
meins (. .) ; . mnn, ., ., . mn.
ml () , ; . ml, . ml, . ml ; , .
meljan (. 1) , ; *mela () , ; . .
; . mlan , . mlon, . ml, mln ,
. mla ; . . mlam , . mlas , .
mlis .
menos () (.) (* ), mena . (n) ; , mnur, . mna, . mnd; .
. mn , . , . mensis.
merjan (. 1) , ; meria . (o) , ; .
mr , . mran, . mrian, . mr(r)en ; .
*mar , ; . . mraim .
mes () , ; .-. mesa, . mnsa; . mias, meas
? mik, . ik.
mikiljan (. 1) , ; mikilnan (. 4) ; . mihhiln.
mikils (.) , . maiza, maists; . mikell, . micel, mycel, .
mikil, . mih(h)il. . . magnus, . mgos.
mis, . ik.
misso (.) , .
mi (. .) ; . m, . mid, mi, . mi, midi, . mit, miti.
. . met , , , .
mianakumbjan (. 1) ; . accumbere.
mifaginon (. 2) , .
miinngaleian (. 1) .
misokjan (. 1) . , .
mianei (.) , .
mulda () , , . molta.

33

munn (.) (. man, . 2 . gamunu) , ; muns .

(i) , ; . mann /-n . . . menimi .
muns (i) ; . munnr, mur, . m, . m, . munt . .
. . . mentum mandere .
n
nahts . (.) , *; ., . naht, . neaht, niht, . ntt. .
. nox, noctis, . nykts.
nahtamats (i) , , . nahts mats.
nm (n) ; . . nmn, . namne, . namnam; . nafn, .
nm, ., . nm . . . nmen, . noma nasjan (. 1)
; naseins . (i/o) ; ganisan (. 5) ; .,
. nrian; . nr(r)n , , .
nah (.) , nu -(u)h; ., . noh. nahan (.) , . nah
an.
ne(a) (.) , , , ; neis (. .) , nejan
(. 1) ; . nah, . . nh(o).
neiwan (. 1) . .
ni (. .) , ; . ni, . n, . n, ., . ni, n.
niba, nibai (.) , , ; ni ba(bai).
niman (. 4) , , ; . nm, . niman, . niman,
nmn, . nmn.
nist = ni ist.
nijo (n) ; nijis . (ja) ; . nir ,
, . . nias . . . neps, . neptis .
niu (.) , , ni -u.
nu, nunu (.) , , ; . n, . n, . n, nu. . .
nunc, . .

ogan (.) , . . 1 . og, . . 1, 3 . ohta, 3 .

ohtedun (uhtedun); . . gn , gja , tte
, . , ht , . hta ; . . ad-gor
.
osanna (. .-. !).
34

p
paida () , , , . pfeit. . . bait .
paska (pasxa) (. . pesah ).
plinsjan (. 1) .
pratorian (, ) (.).
prafetus, -es (u, i) (.).
q
qens ( , 1, 5 qeins, 28 qins) (i) ; qino . (n) ; .
kvn, kvn, . cwn, . qun, . quen(n)a (n/o). . . gn ,
. gnos .
qiman (. 4) , ; . koma, ., . cuman, . queman, kumen,
komen. . . venre (*gvemi ), . gimti .
qistjan (. 1) , ; . firquistan.
qian (. 5) , ; . kvea, . cwean, . quethan, .
quedan.
qius (u) , ; . kvir, . cwi(a), . quiti.
r
rabbei, rabbaunei , (. .-. ).
raginon (. 2) (-.); ragin . (a) , ; .
ragna , . renian , ; . .
( ).
rahtis (., .) , , , ; . rehtes .
rahts (.) , ; . reht, . riht, . reht, . rttr; .
. rctus, regere.
razn () ; . rann, . rn, rn.
reikis, reikists .; reikists gudja ; rei(ei)ks (.) ja/i
; () , ; . rki, . rhhi,
. rce, . rikr. . . regius, rx; ., . r, rg .
rinnan (. 3) , ; . rinna, ., ., . rinnan. . . .
rinno (n) , ; . rinna.
riqis () (. riqizis) ; . rkkr, . rouh, riohhan, . rocan (-).
rodjan (. 1) , ; . roe; . . rdid .
35

rohsns (i) .
runs (i) ; . runs(t) , . rn; . run .
s
sa , so , ata (. .) , , ; . s . s , at ,
. t , . that .
sabbato . (. . abbth )
. . . sambatag.
saei , soei , atei (. .) ; , ; sa, so
ata . -ei.
saggqa . . , ; . sigqan (. 3) , , ; . skkva, . sincan, ., . sinkan.
sah , soh , atuh (. .) , ; sa + .h, -uh.
sai (.) , ; . s (nu) (.).
sahs (.) , sahsta ; . sex, . six, ., . sehs. . .
sex, . hx.
saan (. 5) , ; . si, . son, ., . sehan. .
. sequi .
saiwala () ; saiws . , ; . swol, . seola, .
s(u)la.
sakan (. 6) , , ; sakjo (n) , ; . saka, . sacan, sacian, . sakan, . sahhan, sahha.
saljan (. 1) , , , . selja, . sellan, . sellian, . sellen .
sandjan (. 1) , ( ); . sin . (a) , ;
. sendian, . sendan, . senten, . senda.
sas (.) () (sads ( , XV, 16); . sad, . sd, . sar,
. sat. . . satur, sa(tis), . sotus.
sahts (i) ; . siuks; . stt, ., ., . suht.
sei, . izei.
seins (. .) (, ); . snn, ., ., . sn.
si (.) ; . . ija, . izs, . izai; . . . ijos, . izo,
. im; . s. . . s.
sibun (.) ; . sibun, . sibun, . seofon, . siau; . .
septem, . hept.
sik (. . .) ; . sik, . sih. . . se, sibi.
silba (.) (); . sjlfr, . sylf, . self, . selb(o).
36

sildaleikjan (. 1) , ; . leik; . . seldlc, .

seldlk , , . seltan.
sineigs (.) (*sin-); . . senex.
sinista (n) (. . sineigs) .
sinteino (.) ; sinteins (.) ; . sin . .
. semper .
siponeis (ja) ; .?
sis (. . .) .
sitan (. 5) ; . sittian, . sittan, . sitja, . sizzen; . .
sedre, . sedti.
sitls () , , ; . setul, . seal ; . .
sella (*sedl) , . , .
siuks (.) () ; siukan (. 2) ; siukei (n) ,
; . sjkr, . soc, . siok, . siuh, sioh.
siuns (i) , ; . sjn, sn, . sen, syn, . siun.
skalks () , , ; . skalkr, . scealc, . skalk, .
skalc.
skaman sik (. . 3) . ; skama () ; .
scamn, . sceamian.
skattja (n) ; skatts () , ; . skattr, .
sceat, . skat, . ska(t)z, . sket , . . .
skeima , ; . skeinan (. 1) , ; .
skime, . scma ; ., . skmo , . . . skn (> ).
skip () ; ; ., . skip, . scip, . scif ,
.
skohsl () , , .
skula . (n) .
skulan (.) ; . . 1, 3 . skal, 2 . skalt, .
skulum, skulu, skulun, . 3 . . skulda, 1 . .
skuldedum, 3 . . skuldedun, . . skulds ; . skolo, .
skulan, sceolan, . skolan, . sculan. . . skelti .
slahan (. 6) , ; . sl, . slan (*sleahan), ., . slahan.
slahs (i) , ; slahs lofin ; . slagr , slag , .
sle, . slegi .
sleis (d), sleidis (.) , ; . slir, . sle, . sli,
. sldk, slthc.
slepan (. 7) (. saslep) ; sleps (a) ; . slpan, .
slpan, . slf(f)an. . . ().
smakka (n) , , ; ; . . .
37

smakkabagms () , .
sniumundo (.) , ; sniwan (. 5) .
so, . sa.
soei, . saei.
soh, . sah.
sokjan (. 1) ; . soekja, . skan, . skian, . suohhen; .
. sgio, sgire , . saigim .
spaikulatur (. speculator , ) .
speiwan (. 1) ; . spja, . . spwan, . sp(w)an. . .
spuere, . spiuti.
spilda () ( ); . spjald, speld , . speld
; . spelte ().
spwreidans ( .) . . , .
staro (n) ; . stero ; . . sterilis , .
standan (. 6) (. sto stoum) ; . standa, ., .
standan, . stantan, stn, stn. . . stre.
stas (d) (i) ; . star; . stede, . stedi, . stat . . .
stati, status, . sttis.
staua () , , ; (n) .
stibna () ; . stefn, stemn, . stemna, stemnia, . stimna.
stikls () (), ; stiks (o) ; . stihhil
, stechal ; . sticel , . stikill , .
stojan (. 1) (. stauida) ; . stwian, . stouwen , , ; . . .
stols () , ; . stll, ., . stl, . stuol.
straujan (. 1) . (. strawida) , ; .
strewian, strowian, . strian, . strewen, strouwen . . .
struere .
sulja () (. solea ) .
suman (.) .
sums (. .) , ; . sumr, ., ., . sum.
sunja (j) , ; . syn , . sunnea, . sunna ()
, .
suns (.) , , . sn(o), . sna.
sunsaiw (.) , suns aiws.
sunsei (.) .
sunus (u) ; . sunr, sonr, ., ., . sun(u).
sutis (.) (i/ja) , , ; sutizo (.).
swa (.) ; . sv, . sw, . . s. . . suad.
38

swahra (n) , ; . svr, . swehor, swor, . swehur; .

. , . socer.
swahro (n) , ; . svra, . sweer, . swigur; . .
, . sorus.
swalaus (d) (.) ; laudi (jo) , , . lt
.
swaleiks (. .) () , . solih.
swaran (. 6) ; ., ., . swerian, . sverja, . and-swaru
( ); . . .
swaswe (., ) , , , , .
swau (. .) , .
swe (., ) , , .
swegnia, swignia () , .
swein () ; . svn, . . . swn. . ., . s, syr
, . ss, sunus .
swikuns (.) () , , swikunaba (.) , .
swiltan (. 3) ; . svelta , , .,
. sweltan , .
swistar (r) ; . swester, . swestar, . sweostor, . systir. .
. soror, . sesu.
swnagoge (.) , .
t
tahswa (-o) (. .) ( ); (n/o) , ; . zeso (zesawr), zesawa ; . . ,
. dexter , .
taikn () , ; taikns (i) , ; . teikn, . tc(e)n,
. tkan, . zeihhan; . . . .* taika ; . dco .
tainjo (n) ; tains () ; . zein(n)a , . taenel, .
teinn .
taujan (. 1) (. tawida) , ; taui (ja) , ; . . tawid, . tgean, . zouwen .
tekan (. 7) (. tatok) , ; . tka (. tk) ,
.
timrja (n) ; gatiman (. 4) , *; gatimrjo
(n) ; . zeman , zimbar () .
. . dmein , . domus, . .
39

tiuhan (. 2) , , ; . ton, . tiohan, . ziohan, .

tja . . . dcere .
tuggo (n) ; . tunga. . tune, . tunga, . zunga. . . lingua (*dingua).
tunus (u) ; . tnn , . t , . tand, . zan(d) . (i); .
. dens / dentis, . dants, . Zander .
tuzwerjan (. 1) (*tuz *werjan); . . zur- wr, .
vrus , . .
twai , twos , twa cpp (.) ; . tveir, tvr, tvau, . twen,
twen, tw, . twne, tw, tw, . zwne, zw (zw), zwei. . .
duo.
twalif (-ib) (.) ; . bileiban (. 1) , bilaibjan
(. 1) , . *li- ; . tolf, . twelf, . twelif;
. zwelif.
twans . twai.

adei (.) .
agkjan (. 1) (. hta < *anhta, . po. hts) , ; ugkjan ( 1) (. uhta) ;
. ekkja , , . encan, . thenkian, . denchen;
. . tongre .
ahan (. 3) ; . egja, agna, . thagian, thagon, . dagn;
. . taceo .
arh (.) . , , ; . erh, . thuru, . thuruh,
dur(u)h. . . trans.
arhbaran (. 4) .
an (., .) , , , , ; . dan(a), . , . an, n,
. than.
anaseis (.) , , .
ande ( , I, 34 andei) (.) , .
anei (.) .
anuh (., .) , , , , .
anzei . soei.
ar (.) .
arei (.) .
aruh (.) , ; (.) .
ata (. .), . sa.
40

atainei (.) .
atei (. .) saei, (.) , .
atuh, . sah.
aro (.) ; . r , . der .
aroh (. ) , .
au(h) (.) , , ; . , . ah, . thoh, . doh.
arsjan (. 1.) , ; arsus . (u) ; arstei
; . thorron, . erra, . dorren, durri; . . torreo ,
, . tarss, trasi .
eins (. .) ; . nn, . n, . thn, . dn. isaduh
(.) (), ; is . sa, ata, a (.) ? -h.
isah (. .) ( , XI, 23: isah ei) , .
isazuh (. .) ( , XI, 23: isazuh ei) e ,
, .
iubjo (.) , ; o iufs (b) p (a) , ; iubi
(ja) ; . jfr, . of, . thiof, . diob.
iuda () ; . j, . od, . thioda, thiod, . diota
(n), diot / diet , diutisc. . . taut.
iudangardi (j) .
iudanon (. 2) . . . diuten (), , . (ge)iedan.
iudans (n) ; . jann, . oden, . thiodan.
iudinassus (u) .
iumagus (u) ; ius (wa) , pa (. ow, owa, .
deo) magus (. mgr , , . mao ,
. magu; . . magaczogo ).
iujan (. 1) ; iu () , iueigs . ()
, . gidiuto .
iwi (j) ; ; . , . ow, owe, . thiwi, thiu, .
diu, diuwa.
liuhan (. 2) ; . flja, flja, . flon, ., . fliohan.
lauhs (i) ; . flugr, ., . fluht.
reis (.) ; . rr, . re, . thrie, . dr; . . trs, .
tres, . .
rtsfill () , ; rtsfills . () ,
rtian fill () , ; . rstfell. . . vel, .
fell, . fjall, . pellis, . plla.
u (.) , . . uk, . eina, . us, . . igqis, . igqara,
. igqis, . . jus, . izwis, . izwara, . izwis; ., . , .
thu, . du (dir, dih); . . t, . t, . .
41

usundifas (i) ( ); usundi

(.) (jo) fas; . faa () , . dsunt, .
thsind, . usend, . sund < . *s-hundi .
wmiama () , , ( . ,
).
u
-u- . ., ,
.
; . u gaulaubeis ;
. . .: . abu us silbin .
ubilaba (.) ubils.
ubils (.) , ; . yfel, . uil, . ubil.
ubiltojis (. .) (ja) , , . ubils taujan.
uf (. . .) , , ; . f , . ufeweard
, . u, . , . , . f ; . . pa , .
sub , . hyp.
ufar (. . .) , , ; . yfir, . ofer, . oar, . ubar,
ubir. . . super, . hypr.
ufarmunnon (. 2) . . . munan.
ufarskadwjan (. 1) ; . sceadwian, . skadowan, scadoian, .
scatewen ; . skadus (u) ; . sceadu, scead, . skado,
. skato; . . sktos .
ufbrikan (. 4) , , .
ufhausjan (. 1) . , .
ufligan (. 5) (, ), .
ufrakjan (. 1) ; . raihts; . recchen, recken ,
. rekkian , , . recc(e)an, . rekja.
ufswogjan (. 1) .
ufta (.) ; . opt, . oft, . oft(o), . ofto.
ufwopjan .
-uh ( h, u) .
, . . . que .
uhtedun, . ogan.
und (. . .) , , ; . und, . unz = und es ,
. unta(s), unzi (<unt-zi) .
undaro (. ., .) ; . under, . untar.
undgreipan (. 1) . , .
42

ungalaubeins (i/) .
unhrains (.) (i/ja) .
unhula (n) , , unhulo (n) , ; huls ; . unholdo, . hold, . hylli .
unmahteigs (.) , ; mahteigs ; . unmihti,
. unmahtg, mahtig.
unmahts (i) , ; . unmeaht, . unmaht, maht.
unsar (. .) ; . ser, . sa, . unsar.
unsis . . . ik.
unswers (.) () , .
untals (.) .
unte (.) , , , ; , , ; . unt,
unti, . unz.
unwahs (.) .
ur- (.) . ., . ir-, ar-, . or-, . r.
urraisjan (. 1) ; urreisan (. 1) , ; . rsa,
., . . rsan.
urrinnan (. 3) , , .
urruns , (); (i) ; . urruns(t), irrunst
, , .
us (. .) , , ; . r, ur, . ur, ar, er.
usbaran (. 4) .
usdaudjan (. 1) .
usdreiban (. 1)
usfullnan (.4) , .
usgaggan (. .) .
ushafjan (. 6) (), .
ushrisjan (. 1) .
uskiusan (. 2) . , . ; kiusan (. 2) , ; ., . kiosan, . cosan, . kjsa. . .
gustre.
uslaubjan (. 1) ; liufs (b) : . lefan, .
irlouben.
usleian (. 1) , ; afleian (. 1) ,
; . la, ., . lan, . ldan , irldan .
. . leiden.
uslia (n) , ; . lius (u) ; . li,
. lir, . lith, . (gi)lid .
uslukan (. 2) (. uslauk) , (); . Ika, .
lcan , . antlkan, . antlhhan .
usluknan (. 4) , .
43

usniman (. 4) , .
usqiman (. 4) , .
usqistjan (. 1) .
ussaan (. 5) , .
usstandan (. 6) , .
ustiuhan (. 2) , , .
uswarpan (. 3) , .
uswaltjan (. 1) .
t (.) , ; ., ., . t, . .
ta (.) ; ., . te, . ta, te. . e.
utana (.) , ; ., . tan, . an(a).
uzuh us -uh.
w
waidedja (n) , ; wai (.) ! des (i) ;
. wdd ; . wtt , . w(wo) (w
tuon) (), weinn ; . wwa (. .),
wnian, . veina. . . vae, . va.
waht ( ni waht) , , . wahts. . . niwith.
wahts (i) ; . vttr, vtr , , .
wiht , , ; . wiht ; . wiht , , ; . . wichtig, Wicht, Wichtelmann, . .
waila (.) , ; . vel, val, . wel, . wala, wela, wola,
. wela, wol(a).
wailamerjan (. 1) , .
war () ; . verr, ., ., . wer, weralt ; . .
vir, . Werwolf, Wergeld, . vras.
warpan (. 3) , ; . verpa, . weorpan, . werpan,
. wer(p)fan. . . vepti .
waran (. 3) ( . .); . vera, .
weoran, . werthan, . werdan; . . verto , , . , . westi.
wars (.) , ; . verr, . weor, . werth, .
wert, werd.
waitei (.) , .

44

waldufni (ja) , ; waldan (. 7) . , .

. . waltan, Walt(h)er, . wealdan, . valda; . , ,
. valdti, . valre.
waltjan (. 1) ; . velta, . welzen, walzan. . . voluere,
. .
wamba () ; . vmb, . womb, . wamba.
wandjan (. 1) , ; . (bi)windan (. 3) , ; . venda, . wendan, . wendian, . wenten.
warmjan (sik) (. 1) (-); . verma, , wyrman, . wermian,
. wermen; . . formus , . , , .
wasjan (. 1) , .
wasti (j) ; . . wester (
); . . vestis, vestre, . vastram .
wato cpp (n) (. . watnam); . vatn, . wter, . watar, .
waar; . . , . unda .
ward cpp () ; . r, ., . word, . wort; . . verbum (.
b < *dh), . vadas , . , .
warkjan (. 1) (. warhta) , , , (
, VIII: hari warkjan ); . yrkja, .
wyrc(e)an, . wirkian, . wurchen, wirkan. . . rgon.
warts (i) ; . urt , . wyrt , , . wurt , , , . wurz , .
wegs (/i) , ( ), (), . ; .
vgr , . w, ., . wg , .
weiha (n) ; ahumists weiha .
weihs (.) ; . wh , . wh(i).
weihan ( 3) , . whan, . wihian. . . victima .
weihnan (. 4) .
weihs () , . wch. . . vcus , . okos .
wein cpp () ; . vn, ., ., . wn; .; . vinum. .
. gwino.
weis (.) ; . wir, . wi, we. . . vaym.
weitwodia () . . witan woeis . (ja) ,
wos (d) . () .
weitwodjan (. 1) , , .
wepn(a) cpp () . ; . vpn, . wpn, . wpan, . wf(f)an.
wigs () , ; . gawigan (. 5) (), ; .
vegr, . we, . weg, . wec, (bi)wegan. . . vehere , .
.
45

wihs . weihs
wiko (n) , , ; . vika ; , .
wicu, wucu, . wecha, wehha . . . vics . .
. viikko . . wiljan (. ., . wilda) ; .
wilja . (n) ; . vilja, . willan, . willian, wellian, . wellen;
. . vol , . velle, . , .
winds () (. I . 7 waian ); . vindr, ., . wind,
. wint; . . ventus.
winnan (. 3) , ., . (gi)winnan , .
wis cpp () , .
wisan (. .) , ; ., was, . wesum ..;
. 5 , , ; . vesa, ., .,
. wesan.
wissuh = . witan (wissa) + -h.
witan (.) (. wait, . wissa) ; . vita (veit), . witan
(wt), . witan (wt), . wian (wei); . . vda, . oda,
ida, . vidre, . .
witan (. 3) . , . . . .
wito (d) cpp () ; . wid p cpp. wira (. .) ,
; vi(r), . wi(er), . withar, . widar.
wirawars (.) ; . wierweard, .
widarwert.
wopjan (. 1) . , , ; . oe; .
wpan ; . wpian (.) . ; . wuofan
(. 7) ; . . , .
wrohs (i) , , ; wrohjan ( 1) .
wulus (u) , . . . vultus .

46

TREE OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES

47

+----Burgundian
|
+----East
|
|
EAST----+----Gothic---------+----West
|
|
|
|
|
+----Gepid
|
+----Lombardic
|
|
|
+----Vandalic
|
|
+----English
|
|(Old, Middle, New)
|
|
|
|
+----East
|
+----Ingvaeonic-----+
|
|
|
+----Frisian--------+----West
|
|
|(Old, Middle, New) |
|
|
|
+----North
WEST----+
|
|
|
|
+----Low
Saxon---------Middle Low German----New Low German
|
|
+----Low German-----+
|
|
(Old, Middle, New)
|
+----Dutch-Flemish
Germanic--+
|
+----Low Franconian----Middle Dutch----+
|
|
+----Afrikaans
|
|
+----Alemannic
|
|
|
|
|
+----Bavarian
|
+----High German----+
|
(Old, Middle, New) +----Franconian
|
|
|
+----Yiddish
|
|
+----Danish
|
| (Old, New)
|
|
|
+----East-----------+----Swedish
|
|
| (Old, New)
|
|
|
|
|
+----Gutnish
NORTH----+
|
+----Faroese
|
|
|
+----Icelandic
+----West-----------+
+----Nynorsk
+----Norwegian----+
|
+----Bokmal
+----Norn

Iron Age

48

Proto-Germanic

500 BC
AD 200

West Germanic
East Germanic

North Germanic
South Germanic

Gothic,
Migration
period
AD 200
700

Anglo-Frisian

Lombardic1
Old
Frankish

Proto-Norse

Vandalic,
Burgundian,
Old Saxon

Old English

Old High
German
Early
Middle
Ages
7001100

Old Low
Franconian

Runic Old West Norse

Runic Old East Norse

Old
Frisian

Middle
Ages
11001350

Middle
High
German

Middle English

Old
Icelandic

Old Norwegian

Early
Early Old Early Old
Old
Swedish Gutnish
Danish

Middle
Dutch
Late
Middle
Ages2
13501500

Middle
Low
German

Middle
English

Early
Scots

Early
Modern
English

Middle
Scots

Late Old
Icelandic

Old
Middle
Late Old Late Old
Old Norn
Faroese
Norwegian Danish Swedish

Late Old
Gutnish

Early
New High
German
Early
Modern
Age
15001700

Modern
Age
1700 to
present

Middle
Frisian

Crimean Gothic
Low
Franconian
varieties, including
Dutch
all extinct

High
German
varieties

Norn

Icelandic
Low
Saxon
varieties

Frisian
varieties

English
varieties

Scots
varieties

Faroese

Gutnish

Norwegian

extinct3

Danish

Swedish

extinct3

49

50

GERMANIC LANGUAGES IN EUROPE

51

52

 :
1 ;
2 , (, );
3 ;
4 ( 13001600 .)

53

, , ,
. , , .
.

()

()

, , XVII .
. 54

 - , , , , .

- . , V , , , -, XI .
, ,
.

55

Gothic alphabet

There are no separate numerals, but each letter has a numeric value.

56

THE LORDS PRAYER

57

Transliteration
atta unsar u in himinan weihnai namo ein
qimai iudinassus eins wairai wilja eins
swe in himina jah ana airai
hlaif unsarana ana sinteinan uns himma daga
jah weis afletam ai skulam unsaraim
jah ni briggais uns in fraistubnjai
ak lausai uns of amma ubilin
unte eina ist iudangardi
jah mahts jah wulus in aiwins
amen

58

59

..
..

16.06.08. . 47. . 60841/16.

Times New Roman. .
. . . 3,49. .-. . 3,7. 100 .

..
390000, . , . , 46
-
390023, . , . , 22

60