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    Edition of Mahādeva's Mudrārākṣasanāṭakakathā.

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    Mudrārākṣasanāṭakakathā

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    Edition of Mahādeva's Mudrārākṣasanāṭakakathā.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    43 просмотров182 страницы

    Mudrārāk Asanā Akakathā

    Загружено:

    Hevajra
    Edition of Mahādeva's Mudrārākṣasanāṭakakathā.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
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    The Sareswat: Mahal Serves 1, THE MUDRARAKSASANATAKAKATHA oF MAHADEVA EDITED WITH INTRODUCTION NOTES BYE Dr. V RAGHAVAN, 31-44 PH.D, Departwieat of Sanskrit Gniversity ef Btadras Author of “Bhoyss Spigaia PrakaSa “The Number of Rasas Some Concepts of Alafkara Sastra” ete. WITH A FOREWORD BE M ANANTANARAYANAN 4, ICS, Disiract Judge, Tanjore President Administrative Committee MSSMl Library Tanjorg Published by the Srinivasa Press, Tiruvadi for the Administrative Committee of the Maharajah Serfojis Saraswati Mahal Library Tanjore 1946 All Righis Reserved] Price Ra 2-84 70 TIE FOUNDERA aD THE PROMOTERS or TUL SARASWATI MAUAL, TANJONE FOREWORD The publication of this work, the Mudri- riksasanatahakatha of Mahadeva, marks the first step cf a planned attempt by the Adminis- trative Committee of the Saraswati Mahal Library, Tanjore, to bring out some at least of the rare works, in Samsknt and Tamil, to be found in the archives of the Library, after careful and scholarly editing. Conditions of ‘War emergency’ have created special difficulties in the path of intending publishers, both with regard to procurement of paper and the actual processes of printing, and it may be some time before the Administrative Commuttee is enabled to bring out any publication of the longer Manuseripts, but it is a matter for some satisfaction that this short but interesting prose work of Mahadeva is now befere the public an an acceptable form. Love of learning, schools, and works of intellectual eminence has deep roots in cur cultura and civilisation. Even when the patronage of Kings and Courts declined, men im this ceuntry have kept alive the smal! flame of knowledge and enquiry. The attitude of Browning's ‘Grammanan’ ‘wv —"Grant I have mastered Learning's crabbed text ; still there's the comment,” 1s typical of the avidity of our own Savants in the pursuit of Truth. Tt 13 to be hoped that in these days of a epreading democracy, these values will not be lost, and that an ardent publicanpport will replace the patranage of Royalties The Committea 1s deeply beholden to Dr V Raghavan, M A.Ph D of the Madras University, for the scholarly care, thoroughness and acturaey with which he has perfommed the important task of editing this work A glance at the Table of Contents will show the facilities for reference and study provided by the Editor The Committee must sleo express ite indebtedness to the authorities of the Madras University for granting the neces- aary permission to Dr Raghavan to undertake this labour of love. M ANANTANARAYANAN, CONTENTS Pace DEDICATION a FOREWORD Tii PREFACE VI INTHODUCTION Importance of the Work 1 Other Works of Sumlar Nature l-a Ravi Nartahas Work based on Maha- devas 6— 9 The Author Mahadeva 9-11 Mahadevas Text and the Text of the Drama 11-17 The Stary 18-59 Other Versions Jagaddhara a Trivan- dram Manuscript of the Drama, Ananta Bhatta, an Anonymous work in a Brkaner Manusenpt, @ Bengal edition of the Drama, the Drama Pratijia Canakya of Bhima, The Puranas, the Brhatkatha, the Bud dhistic Works, theJaim Works, the Greek Writers a9-92 The Sanskrit Text 1-10 NOTES (Textual, Traditienal and His toncal) 1 Xx1¥ Notes on the Names in the Story AV xhi Index of Verses taken from the Drama iu Concordance of Prose Passages taken from the Drama sda ERRATA xliy PREFACE The Mudraraksasanatakakatha of Mahadeva 48 Bublished here for the first tume from a single Manuscript of 16 pressived in the Maharaja Serfon s Saraswati Mahal Library, Tanjore Its a short prose work giving the story of the famous drama of Vigikhadatta the Mudraraksasa in the form of a simple narrative , and may be found suitable as a Sanskrit Prose Text for the Inter- mediate Classes in the Uimversifies In this book 1s tO be seen the small beginning of a series of publications which the Saraswat: Mahai Library ts Matgurating, and Iam thankful to the Adminis. trative Committee of the Library, particularly to its President Sri M Anantanarayanan, M,A,I08, Dt Judge Tanjore, and to the Hony Secretary, Sn % Gopalan, BA BL, Tanjore, for inviting me to edit this work for the Library It is a matter for Congratulation that besides running a Journal, the Library has started the Saraswat: Mahal Sereg of publications in which will appear editions and works based on the rare and meh manuscrpt material available im the Library The single manuseript of this Katha available 1 the Tanjore Library is not noticed im the Catalogue of the Library ,itisin Telugu charac. ters and tie materaf is rougft country paper vii measuring 7)” x 10}” and numbering 33 sheets , it is bound in catdboards made up of simzlar paper, pasted together and containmg some Tanul Matter, here and there are to be seen some extraneous Telugu scribblings The mstakes in the manuceript are faw and the e have been cor rected in the text presented hera, in one instance (p 5), I have restored a missing word on the basis of an external testimonium, and in ancther {p 34), Lhave left a corrupt passage ag it is with a question mark, making my suggestion for recon~- structing the corrupt passage 1n the Notes Iam thankful to the Library Staff for providing me with a Devanagari copy of the text and to Dr N Venkataramanayya, MA, PhD, Reader in Indian Fhistory, University of Madras, for helping me to compare this copy with the omginal Telugu manuseript and correct the slips At the end of the work, Ehave given textual, traditional and historical Notes, an Index of the characters in the story with a bnefdescnption and account of the part played by each, and an Index and concordance of verses and prose passages taken by Mahadeva from the onmgmal Drama My Introduction in the beginmng deals with all the Enown works which concern themselves with the story of the Mudraraksasa, the author Mahadeva and lis work, lis probable date and the relation bis text beam to the Drama, to these I Vill have added a free translation of Mahadeva s text, and accounts of the story of Nanda Candragupta and Canakya as found in the several Brahmunical, Buddhiste, Jain and Greek soyrees The book will thus be useful not only to students who study the difficult drama of Vigakhadatta in their college courses but also to those students of history who are rnterested in Mauryan research My thanks are due to the authornties of the University of Madras for permittmg me to edit this work for the Maharaja Serfoy s Saraswat: Mahal Library Tanjore and also to the Proprietoi8 of the Srinivasa Press Tiruvadi, Tanjore and Messrs Thompson & Co Madras, for executing the printing work As one who had worked in the Saraswati Mahal Library once I feel gratified at the opportu- mty aiforded to me to assomate myself with the work of the Library and I appeal to all scholars and patrons to bestow greater attention on a Iabrary which possesses one of the best and biggest manuscript collections which South India might well be proud of and help the Library to further its activities and make itself more useful to the pubhe UNIVERSITY OF MADRAS } V RAGHAVAN 6th March 1845 J INTRODUCTION The Mudraraksasa is one of the few Sanskrit dramas possessing adominant storyinterest?. This interest pertains not only to the events falling within the scope of the drama but compiehends also the historical or quasi-historical background agaist which the theme of the drama has to be understood. The multiplicity of the incidents and their intricate Snterpeuting, in ths dramaepent of dhe sherg qa the vanety and confusion characterising the ver- sions of the historical background of ihe story have both rendered the understanding of the Mudraraiksgasa difficult Scholars had therefore found it necessary to tell the story of the Mudra- raksasa in the form of a simple narrative. Such narratives that we know of are of four kinds, those that give an account of the historical background only, those that cover the story of the antecedents together with that of the drama, those in prose and those in verse. Aufrecht records in his Catalogus Catalo- gorum (I. p 461) two Oppert manuscripts of a Mudrdraéksasakathasara, one in Bhavani, Coimbatore District, and another in tha Maha- rajah's Palace Library, Trivandrum. Nothing can be known of the identity of the former manuscript; the latter, itis probable, represents the work of Ravi Nartaka which we shall notice below, ae 1 See my Foreword to the Rjvlaghvi or MAlatimfdharakatha edited by N. A Gore, MLA., Oriental Book Agency, Poona. I—1 2 Ananta Bhatta of Punyastambha on the Godavari, son of Tryambaka (Tunay:) Pandita and grandfather of the logician Mahadeva Punata- makara 1s 4 well known scholiast of the middle of the 17th cent AD He wrote his gloss on Govardhanas Aryasaptagat: in 1645 AD and his gloss on Bhinudattas Rasamafjari in 1636 AD at Benares, He wrote also a small work called Mudraraikesasa purvapithika or Mudraraksasa piirva- sankathdnaka This work isin prose and deals only with the introductory story leading uP to the plot of the drama Rajendralal Mitra describes a manuscript of 16 in his Notices IV, Wo 1654 and there a 2 ise more mannsempis of 4 ww the Anup Sanskmt Library, Bikaner Tho first version given by Jrvananda Vidyasagar m bjs edition of the Mudrariksasa 1s a summary of Ananta Bhattas work In the Bikaner Library there 1s another manuscript containing an anonymous version 12 prose, concermng itself like Anantas, with only the events leading up to the plot of the drama? 2 The ms begins areal vate Tame eaty | qagamete Feat griten uate qaaaiaeecia ete Iam thankful to Mr K Madhava Kmshna Saima Curator of the Bikaner Library for supplying the imfermation pertamime to these Bikaner mss. Dr C Kunhan Raya Hony Adviser to th? Bihaner Library enlightened me on the nature of the store5 in these two versions in the Bikaner mss It 1s understead that these taro versions are bezng published by the Anup Library Bykaner 3 The third account is by Dhundhiraja, the well- known commentator on the Mudraraksasa, who prefaces his commentary with a metrical resumé of the incidents which happened before the action in the drama begins. Dhunghi belonged to a family called Vy8sa, was the son of Laksmana, a resident of Swamimalai near Kumbhakonam in the Tanjore District, and a protigé of Tryambaka yajvan’, the minister of Serfoji £ (A.D. L7L1-1720y of Tanjore. Dhundhi finished his gloss on the Mudrarakgasa in AD 1713. This metrical version is printed in Telang’s edition of the Mudraraksasa with Dhunghi’s commentary, and the second version given by Jivananda Vidyasagar in his edition of the drama is hased on Dhundhi’s verses. Dhundhi’s account agrees with that of Mahadeva edited here. Tradition says that the famous Kerala scholar Narayana Bhatta of Melputtur (A.D, 1559-1666) composed most of ns Prabandhas or comrositions intended for the dance-exposition called Cakyar- kiittu for a Cakyar fmend of his named Ravi. This Ravi Nartaka produced a metrical version of the entire story of the drama as well as the events that preceded it. This version may be called tho Canakyakathi and many manuscripts of it are found in the several manuscript libraries‘. Ravi's work has been published, with a commentary by 3 Tryambakarayamakhin finished his Dharmaktita on the Rimiyana in AD 4719 4 See for instance the Descripilve Catalogue of the Maha rajah’s Palace Library, Trivandrum, Nos. 17647; Adyar Library 4 Rajagopala of Madura (Madras 1882} and by Satish Churn Law (Calcutta Onental Series, 6% Calcutta 1921) Catalogue II p 106 3mss 27 H27 2 H29and 24A4 Madras Government Oriental Mss Library Nos D 12180-3 The work is variously called in these mss The Triyandrunt Tass call it Mudiariksasakathasara the Adyar mss Mu Ra Kathasara and Mu Ra Kathasamgraha the Madras mss callit Kauplyakathasara It 1s clear that scr bes are responsible for a few additions and differences noticeable mm some of these mss Though all the three Adyar mss represent only Rayis work 27H 27 represents a copy of an origimal from ‘which vérses 114 were missitig and the scribe 9 somebody else supplied a d ferent set of verses there atid this Adyar ms. corresponds exactly to tle Madra> ms D 12183 In this respect. The Trisandrum ms 1 64 ends with a different set of verses and Trivandrum i766 has a different verse on Sunandis pregnancy 5 The Calcutta edn has many mistakes 10(b) aaqufa for aq 18(b} we ee for et waq 31{b) Mss read agamr here as qaqa) «The drama calls him Vakrandsa 39(c) wfc for afm. 80(c) aniter, for ante 100(b) wana for aaem 100(a) aft for afiy 113¢b) seq for ge 115¢d) arta fara for eteferez, §138(d) at for arvrz = «165 (d) fea for 4 = =196(a) zea here is against the metre § 207(b) git for gt = .238(d) ag for afH, 254(b) qy for Ga 274(a) area for wa 278(c) agiag for aqgeqq = 279(d) ota for amy et | 295 (d) freer for fea = -296(b) enter fer geri 330(d) oaaraané for ame «qi. 5 While describing an India Office manuscript of this work (No. 7124) Dr. A.B. Keith characterises Ravi’s production as 2 ‘version in slipshod verse’ When Ravi comes tothe drama-part of the story he nodoubt hurries over the narration, but his verses, especially in the earlier part of the work, are very well turned out and are strikingly accomplished! The fifth work giving an account of the Mudrdraksasa story is the prose version of Mahadeva printed in the pages that tollow. This work called the Mudrariksasanadtakakatha deals with the story of the drama and the incidents that preceded the theme of the drama. As Ananta Bhatta, Dhundhbizaja and the unknown author of the other version in a Bikaner manuscript have all dealt only with the incidents which led to the theme of the drama (Piirvapithika), and as Ravi Nartaka’s version hurries over the drama portion of the story, Mahadeva's, here presented for the first time ia print, is the only work availabla now that gives us a full and good narrative of the entire story of the drama and its antecedent events. 331(b) ate, for seer. 944(a) areerp for se amaqa. 349(b) waatg for umeia 349(d) aE et may be ipa ag.