ABSTRACT

Oil, Gas and Gas Condensate reservoir Analysis

Petroleum reservoirs may contain any of the three fluid phaseswater (brine), oil, or gas. The initial
distribution of phases depends on depth, temperature, pressure, composition, historical migration, type of
geological trap, and reservoir heterogeneity. A reservoir contains oil if the temperature is lower than the
critical temperature of fluid otherwise it contains gas. Depending upon initial reservoir pressure pi, oil
reservoirs can be sub classified into three categories saturated reservoir, unsaturated reservoir and gas cap
reservoir. If the initial reservoir temperature is greater than bubble point temperature it is unsaturated
reservoir, if it is equal to bubble point temperature it is saturated reservoir and if it is less than the bubble
point temperature it is called gas cap reservoir.
On the basis of P-T diagram and the prevailing reservoir temperature the gas reservoirs are defined as one
in which the reservoir temperature is greater than critical temperature of hydrocarbon system. It has been
classified as Near critical gas condensate, Retrograde gas condensate, Wet Gas and Dry Gas. In the gas
well, if the reservoir temperature exceeds the cricondentherm, only dry gas will exist in the reservoir
throughout production. This same gas produced to surface conditions falling within the envelope will
become a mixture of gas and liquid. If the temperature of gas reservoir is below the cricondentherm, a
transition called retrograde condensation occurs. Retrograde condensate reservoir is a unique type of
hydrocarbon accumulation in that the special thermodynamic behavior of the reservoir fluid is the
controlling factor in the development and the depletion process of the reservoir. When the pressure is
decreased on these mixtures instead of expanding (if a gas) or vaporizing (if a liquid) as might be
expected, they vaporize instead of condensing. If the reservoir temperature is near the critical temperature
the hydrocarbon mixture is classified as a near-critical gas-condensate. The volumetric behavior of this
category of natural gas is described through the isothermal pressure declines and also by the
corresponding liquid dropout curve.
References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-gas_condensate.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural-gas reservoir.
Reservoir engineering by Tarek Ahmed