AN ENGLISH-GREEK LEXICON. BY - “ Cc. D. YONGE. WITH MANY NEW ARTICLES, AN APPENDIX OF PROPER NAMES, AND PILLON'’S GREEK 8YNONYMS. {To WHICH 1s PREFIXED AN ESSAY ON THE ORDER OF WORDS IN ATTIC GREEK PROSE BY CHARLES SHORT, LLD., PROFESSOR OF LATIN IN COLUMBIA COLLEGE, KEW YORK.) EDITED BY HENRY DRISLER, LL.D., PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN COLUMBIA COLLEGE, EDITOR OF “LIDDELL AND SCOTT'S GREEK-ENOLISH LEXICON," Ere., ETC. NEW YORK: HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE 1890.aye REAR 741377 AMERICAN EDITOR’S PREFACE. ‘Tams revision and enlargement of Yonge’s English-Greek Lexicon is at length, after many and unexpected delays, completed. These delays, partly personal and partly external, it is not necessary here to dwell upon, though the causes of them at times seemed to threaten the discontinuance of the preparation of the work. For the con- venience of those by whom the book is most likely to be used, the Editor has endeay- ored to bring together a number of advantages not usually combined in either English- Greek or English-Latin Dictionaries. Of course, the bulk of the work must be the vocabulary of English words and phrases, for which equivalents in Greek are given; to this is prefixed an Essay on the Order of Words in Attic Greek Prose, and subjoined are an Appendix of Proper Names and a copious collection of Greck Synonyms. The pupil has thus put into his hands all that he requires for Greek composition except the Syn- tactical Rules, for which he must consult his Grammar. The plan on which the work was originally prepared is detailed in the subjoined _ Preface of the compiler. The principles laid down will command the ready approval of teachers, and the fullness and consistency with which they have been carried out afford to those who consult its pages an assurance of accuracy and a means of verifica- tion offered by no similar production. A great fault running through all previous Lex- icons of this class is the absence (with variations to a greater or less degree) of authori- ties for the Greek equivalents, and this remark applies as well to the copious and other- wise excellent German-Greek Lexicon of Franz as to the smaller school Manuals, The student can have no certainty, except by the inconvenient and laborious process of ref- erence to his Greek Lexicon, whether the Greek equivalent for the word sought is from a writer of the purest period of the language, or from one of the latest scholiasts or lex- icographers. Pinzger’s edition of Hedericus introduced the references pretty fully, and in this he was followed by Dunbar in his English-Greek Lexicon, But to Mr. Yonge belongs the merit of having first carried out consistently and fully the quotation of au- thorities for every word introduced, with a discrimination of the period through which and the class of writers by whom the cited words were used. The Editor has endeavored in the main to carry out the principles of the original work. In his own additions he has given authority for all new words introduced, but he has contented himself with referring to the class of writers generally, when a word was used by a particular class, instead of specifying the individual writers: when a word is used only by the Tragedians, the fact is indicated by the reference Trag.; when by the Attic orators generally, by the reference Oratt.; grammatical terms in many cases had to be taken from late grammarians, and are referred to Gram.; the few necessary ecclesiastical words from ecclesiastical writers to Eccl. ; in some few cases it was found desirable to introduce a word for the use of which no author's name could be quoted, and this fact is designated by the reference “late” or Lex., as resting for the present only on the authority of the lexicographers,vit AMERICAN EDITOR'S PREFACE. The Editor in the revision cf the work has made numerous additions, both in the way of correction and eulargement, and of entire articles, drawn chiefly from the prose authors, as the poetic element seemed already somewhat in excess for a general Lexicon. They have been derived from various sources: from the perusal of almost the whole of Liddell and Scott’s Greek-English Lexicon; from the works of the Greek authors, es- pecially Demosthenes, Thucydides, Xenophon, and Plato; from the indexes to the prin- cipal Greek authors; and from examination and comparison of the best Latin-Greck, German-Greek, French-Greek, and English-Greek Lexicons. The earlier works of this kind, whether Latin-Greek or German-Greek, the Editor has not had access to.* Besides his own materials, he has consulted, with widely different degrees of advantage, Hederi- cus’s Latin-Greek Manual, edited by Pinzger, under the supervision of Passow, Leipzig, 1827; Ulrich’s Lexicon Latino-Grecum, Athens, 1843; Franz’s German-Greek Diction- ary, in two thick 8vo volumes of 2604 columns, Leipzig, 1838; Rost’s Smaller German- Greek Dictionary, 24 edition, Gottingen, 1845, and larger work (6th edition, and then) 8th cdition, Gottingen, 1860; Pape’s German-Greek Dictionary, Brunswick, 1845 ; Alex- andre, Planche, and Defauconpret’s French-Greck Dictionary, Paris, 1858; Ozaneaux’s French-Greck Dictionary, 2d edition, Paris, 1849; Giles’s English-Greek Lexicon, 2d edi- tion, London, 1840; Dunbar’s English-Greek Dictionary, 24 edition, 1844, and 3d edition, Edinburgh, 1850; Fradersdorff and Arnold’s adaptation of Rost’s German-Greek Lexicon, 6th edition, completed by Rev. H. Browne, London, 1856; Castelli Lexicon Medicum Greco-Latinum ; Ernesti, Lexicon Technologie Grecorum Rhetoricm, Leipzig, 1795; and certain special Lexicons, such as Ast’s Lexicon Platonicum ; Sturz’s Lexicon Xenophon- team; Bétant’s Lexicon Thucydideum ; and Mitchell’s enlarged edition of Reiske’s In- dices Grecitatis in Oratores Atticos, For the Appendix of Proper Names the chief authorities were the admirable work of Pape, 2d edition, Brunswick, 1850; Suidas; Stephani Thesaurus Grecus (Paris edition) ; the indexes to the principal Greek writers, especially in Didot’s Bibliotheca Graeea ; Gros- kurd’s Index to his German translation of Strabo; and the Dictionary of Greek and Ro- man Geography, edited by Dr. William Smith. In this list of Proper Names the Editor has included the most frequently occurring Greek names of persons and places, and some of the more important modern names for which Greek equivalents are known. In each case here as in the body of the book, authority is given for every word; in some instances the authority must necessarily be quite late, as in the first mention of Teutonic names, the authority for these being no higher than the Byzantine period. For the convenience of those attempting verse, the epithets most frequently occurring in the ancient poets have been added to the names of the gods and heroes, ete, These have © Ir may be useful to indicate the titles of some of there enrlier work: 1. Latin-Greek Dictionaries. Hoeschelins, Dav.. Dictionarium Latino-grecum, s. ssnonymor. copia, olim nD. M. Rulando congeri ccepta, im emendata et magna tam vocum ytam phrasium accessione locupletata, ete. 2 Tcmi, 8, Aug. Bayer, Jak., Lexicon TLatino-grecum et Greco-latinum. Moguntice, 1762, Zimmermann, Chr., Novum lexicon manuale Greco-lntinum et Latino-grecum, 2Tomi, Cum praf. J.P. Milleri, Stattgardt., 171. Beck, J. R. W., Lexicon Latino-gracum Manuale, in usum Scholaram ; acced. ind. prosad. Lipsie, 1817. 7 “— Auctarium lexici Latino-griee. man., ex opt. script, Gree. collectum, Lipsia. 1828. 2. German-Greek Dictionaries, Vollbeding, J. C., Deutsch-griech. Handwirterbuch. Leipzig, 1790. Stein, C. G. D., Dentsch-griech. Handwérterbuch, Perlin, 181 Reichenbach, J. F. G., Allgemeines Dentsch-griech. Handwirterbuch zum Schulgebrauche. Leipzig, 1818. Schmidt, J. A. E., Deutsch-griech. Handwérterbach. Leipzig, 1829). ‘Dr. Franz, in the Preface to his own elaborate work, refers to a review by himself of the former class (i. e. Tatin-Greek) in ** Actis Philologoram Monacensium” (tom, iv., fase. 1), 1829, and of the latter (German-Greek) in “ Erginzung blattern der Jenier Litteraturzeitung” (No. 49, 50), 1832.