v

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER

TITLE:

PAGE NO:

NO:
ABSTRACT

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

iv

LIST OF FIGURES

viii

LIST OF TABLES

xi

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

xii

INTRODUCTION

1.1

POWER ELETRONICS

1.2

ORGANIZATION OF THE PROJECT

1.2.1 Project overview

1.2.2 Report Layout

1.3

MOTIVATION

1.4

OBJECTIVE

1.5

LITERATURE SURVEY

DESCRIPTION OF BLOCKS IN SYSTEM

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE

2.1.1 Pv Cell

2.1.2 Wind Energy Source

2.1.3 fuel energy source

TYPES OF FILTERS

10

2.2.1 Passive Filters

10

2.2.2 Active Filters

11

2.3

MPPT ALGORITHM

11

2.4

BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER

12

2.5

BUCK BOOST CONVERTER.

13

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

14

2
2.1

2.2

vi

CHAPTER

TITLE:

PAGE NO:

NO:
3.1

EXISTING SYSTEM

14

3.2

PROPOSED SYSTEM

15

METHODOLOGY

16

MPPT SYSTEM

16

4.1.1 How to Mppt Tracking Works

16

4.1.3 Smart Power Trackers

18

BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER

18

4.2.1 Switching Topology

18

4.2.2 Principle Of Operation

20

4.2.3 Continuous Mode

21

4.2.4 Discontinuous Mode

22

4
4.1

4.2

4.3

PERTURBATION AND OBSERVATION

TRACKING METHOD

23

BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER

24

4.4.1 Dc-Bus Voltage Regulation

26

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

30

5.1

REGULATED POWER SUPPLY

30

5.2

POWER SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS

32

5.3

POWER SUPPLY TO THE GATE DRIVER

33

5.4

GATE DRIVER

34

5.5

OPTOCOUPLER INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

35

5.5.1 integrated circuit tlp250

35

5.5.2 driver circuit operation

36

SIGNAL CONDITIONAR

37

5.6.1 signal conditioner processer

37

MICROCONTROL PROCESS

38

5.7.1 1PIC 16F883

39

4.4

5.6

5.7

vii

CHAPTER

TITLE:

PAGE NO:

NO:

39

5.7.3 pin diagram

40

5.7.4 analog to digital converter module

40

5.7.5 memory organization

41

5.7.6 architecture

42

5.7.7 data memory organization

43

5.7.8 Uart

43

5.7.9 microprocessor coding language

45

SIMULATION IMPLEMENTATION AND

DESIGN RESULTS

50

6.1

PROPOSED SIMULATION CIRCIUT

50

6.2

SIMULATION OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

51

6.3

SIMULATION RESULTS

51

6.4

WIND STACK ARRAGEMENT

52

6.5

BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER

54

6.6

SIMULATION OF MPPT

55

6.7

BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER

57

5.7.2 microcontroller features

HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION AND

DESIGN RESULTS

58

7.1

PROPOSED HARDWARE CIRCIUT

58

7.2

REGULATING POWER SUPPLY UNIT

59

7.3

BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER CIRCUIT

60

7.4

GATE DRIVER CIRCUIT

62

7.5

BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER OUTPUT

DESCRIPTION

63

CONCLUSION

66

viii

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE

TLTLE OF FIGURE

PAGE NO:

NO:
2.1

MPPT SYSTEM

12

2.2

BIDIRECTIONALCONVERTER CIRCUIT

12

2.3

BUCKBOOST CONVERTER

13

3.1

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF EXISTING

SYSTEM

3.2

14

BLOCKDIAGRAM OF PROPOSED
SYSTEM

15

4.1

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MPPT

16

4.2

TRACKING OF MPPTS

17

4.3

BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER

18

4.4

OPERATION CIRCUIT

19

4.5

TWO OPRATE STATE CIRCUIT

20

4.6

CONTINUOUS MODE

21

4.7

DISCONTINUOUS MODE

23

4.8

FLOW CHART OF P&O

23

4.9

INVERTER CIRCUIT

25

4.11

CIRCUIT OF BIDIRECTIONAL
CONVERTER

26

4.12

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IL & VDC

27

4.13

INVERTER WITH POWER IMBALANCE

28

4.14

CONVERTER OPERATION

29

5.1

REGULATED POWER SUPPLY

30

5.2

POWER SUPPIY TO MICROCONTROL

31

5.3

OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF RPS

32

5.4

POWER SUPPLY TO THE GATE DRIVER

33

5.5

OUTPUT OF DUAL VOLTAGE RPS

33

5.6

GATE DRIVER

34

5.7

OPTOCOUPLER

35

ix

5.8

PIN DIAGRAM OPTOCOUPLER

36

5.9

DRIVER CIRCUIT OPERATION

36

5.10

OUTPUT OF DATE DRIVER

37

5.11

SIGNAL CONDITIONER

37

5.12

PIN DIAGRAM OF PIC 16F883

40

5.13

8-BIT PROGRAM MEMORY

41

5.14

PROGRAM MEMORY MAP AND STACK

41

5.15

ARCHITECTURE OF PIC 16F883

42

6.1

PROPOSED SIMULATION CIRCUIT

50

6.2

SOLAR SYSTEM

51

6.3

OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF SOLAR PANEL

52

6.4

SIMULATION OF WIND ENERGY

53

6.5

OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF WIND ENERGY

SOURCE

6.6

54

SIMULATION OF BUCK-BOOST
CONVERTER

6.7

55

OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF BUCKBOOSTER

55

6.8

MODEL OF MPPT ALGORITHM

56

6.9

GATE PULSE FOR THE SWITCH

56

6.10

SIMULATION OF BIDIRECTIONAL
CONVERTER

57

OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF
6.11

BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER

57

7.1

PROPOSED HARDWARE CIRCUIT

58

7.2

CIRCUIT OF POWER SUPPLY TO THE

MICROCONTROLLER
CIRCUIT OF SUPPLY TO THE GATE
DRIVER
CIRCIUT BCUK-BOOST CONVERTER

59

OUTPUT WAVEFORM
CONVERTER

61

7.3
7.4
7.5

OF

BOOST

60
61

7.7

OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF BUCK

CONVERTER
CIRCUIT OF GATE DRIVER

7.8

OUTPUT WAVE FORM OF GATE

7.6

DRIVER
7.9

63

63

CIRCUIT OF SINGLE PHASE

BIDIRECTIONAL CONVERTER

7.10

62

64

OUTPUT OF DC CONVERTING SIDE

SINGLE PHASE BIDIRECTIONAL

7.11

CONVERTER

64

OUTPUT OF GRID CONNECTED

SINGLE PHASE BIDIRECTIONAL
CONVERTER

65

xi

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO:

TABLE:

PAGE NO:

4.10

TABLE OF SWITCHING CONDUCTION

25

4.14

CONVERTER COMPONENT

29

5.16

STATUS REGISTER

43

xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

PVSC

PHOTOVALTAIC SOLAR CELL

DC

DIRECT CURRENT

AC

ALTERNATIC CURRENT

MPPT

MAXIMAM POWER POINT TRACKING

RES

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE

UMPP

UNIQUE MAXIMAM POWER POINT

PWM

PULSE WIDTH MODULATION

DSP

DIGITAL SINGNAL PROESSING

PF

POWER FACTOR

DIFG

DOUBLE FED INDUCTION

GENERATOR

EMF

ELETROMOTIVE FORCE

P&O

PERTURB & OBSERVATION

FLC

FUZZY LOGIC CONTROL

QF

QUALITY FACTOR

MOSFET

METAL-OXIDE SILICON FIELD

EFFECT TRANSISTER

PID

PROPOSTIONAL INTEGRAL
DERIVATIVE
CONTROL

LHV

LOW HEATING VALUE

RPS

REGULATED POWER SUPPLY