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Chemistry
Bio-chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the study of matter and the
changes that take place with that matter.
Biochemistry or Organic Chemistry is the
chemistry of living world
Organic Chemistry is the study of carbon
based life.
ENERGY
So
Chemistry is the study of matter and
energy
+
0
-
positive charge
neutral charge
negative charge
Atomic structure
Atomic Mass
Protons and Neutrons form the nucleus
The nucleus is the center of the atom
Protons and neutrons have the same mass
mass of protons = mass of neutrons
The atomic mass is the total mass of the
Proton and neutron in the nucleus
Atomic Number
Electrons rotate around the nucleus
Atoms have the same amount of
Electrons (-) and protons(+) therefore 0
charge
The atomic number is the number of
electrons or protons in an atom.
Orbits 1
18
32
32
18
Electron orbits
k l
2 8
18
32
32
18
Filled Up Shells
These shells like to be filled.
Some atoms have too many or too
little electrons
These are called ions.
They like to give up or get electrons.
They go around looking for other
atoms that need or have an electron.
bonding
Bonds hold elements together to form new substances
There are 2 major bonds
Ionic bond-when one or more electrons are given to one atom from another
Covalent bond- when electrons are shared between atoms
Compounds- what is formed by ionic bonds--salt
Molecules- what is formed by covalent bonds--water
IONIC BONDS
Sodium Na
Chlorine Cl
Covalent Bonds
The most common bond in organic
molecules
Shares electrons between two atoms
The pair of shared electrons forms a new
orbit that extends around the nuclei of both
atoms---producing a molecule.
Isotope
Atoms that have a different number of
neutrons and a different atomic number
than usual.
Isotpoes are alternate forms of the same
chemical element.