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Class 4
Principle of Superposition
The Ei function the most useful of the approximations assumes a single
well with a constant flow rate starting at time zero. The application of
the principle of superposition can remove some of these restrictions.
It is basically states that the total pressure drop at any point in the
reservoir is the sum of the pressure drops caused by all the wells in the
reservoir.
The pressure drop in well A is the sum of the pressure drops caused by
all three wells.
= + +
2
1688
= 70.6
2
948
70.6
2
948
70.6
A well with a no flow boundary (sealing fault) a distant L from the well
can be modeled by having an image well 2L from the well. The
pressure gradient is zero at the no flow boundary, which means there is
no flow.
=
70.6
1688 2
2 70.6
948 22
For multiple flow rates, each change of rate can be modeled by having
a well for each of the rates.
So for the first rate q1 starts at time to
1 =
70.6
1688 2
= 70.6
2 1
948 2
1
= 70.6
3 2
948 2
As you can see if there is a large number of rate changes, which is very
likely in producing wells, these calculations can be very tedious.
Horner came up with an approximation that can be used for variable
rate wells. A pseudoproducing time is calculated by using the last flow
rate and the total production of the well.
=
948 2