Basic of PON

PON,

namely,

Passive

Optical

Network,

is

telecommunications network that uses ponit-to-multipoint

fiber to the premises in which unpowered optical splitters
are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple
premises. It is an optical-fiber-based network architecture
that can provide much higher bandwidth in the access
network compared with traditional copper-based networks
and is regarded as an ideal solution to last-mile bandwidth
bottlenecks. Some of the most primary PON parts and
their functions will be introduced in the rest of this article.
PON consists of an Optical Line Termination (OLT) at the
service providers Central Office (CO), a number of Optical
Network Units (ONUs) and Optical Network Terminals
(ONTs) near end users and Optical Distribution Network
(ODN) within which optical fibers, fiber optic connectors,
passive

optical

splitters,

and

auxiliary

components

collaborate with each other. The above picture shows

passive

optical

network

FTTH/FTTB/FTTC/FTTCab.

system

applied

in

OLT is located at the CO. Its main function is to control the

information float across the ODN, going both directions.
OLT has two float directions: one is upstream getting an
distributing different type of data and voice traffic from
users, the other is downstream getting data, voice and
video traffic from metro network or from a long-haul
network and sending it to all ONT modules on the ODN.
ONT and ONU are basically the same device. ONT is at the
customers premises to use optical fiber for connecting to
the PON on the one side, while interfacing with customers
on the other side.
ONU receives optical signal and converts it into an

electrical signal. However, it is located outside the home,

working in different temperature and weather conditions.
Thus, ONU should resist water, winds and vandals. There
should be an emergency battery backup in ONU in case
that the power is off.
ODN containing optical fibers, fiber optic connectors,
passive optical splitters, and auxiliary components, is an
indispensable path for transmitting PON data and directly
affects the performance, reliability, and scalability of a
PON system. The passive optical splitter or PON splitter in
ODN is the main part of PON being passive. With a single
PON splitter taking one input cable, 32 or 64 subscribers
can be served at the same time. In PON the splitters can
be arranged in star, ring or tree configurations to increase
reliability. There are mainly two kinds of passive optical
splitters: one is the traditional fused type splitter as known
as FBT coupler or FBT WDM optical splitter, which features
competitive price; the other is the PLC splitter based on
the PLC (Planar Lightwave Circuit) technology, which has a
compact size and suits for density applications.
Fibercasa PON Solution The mentioned components are
the basic parts of PON. Fibercasa focusing on optical

communication for more than 14 years in both technology

and

manufacturing,

according

to

can

customers

offer

perfect

needs.

All

PON
the

solution

mentioned

components can be found in the online store of Fibercasa,

including but not limited to: OLT, ONT, ONU, splitter,
optical fiber and connectors.
View: www.fibercasa.com for more
information