m

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w
w

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w
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5


5 5
1
2
3
4
5

5 2

| 1

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1
1
2
2
3
3

1
2
3

1
2
3
4
6
8
10
14
18
21
24
25
26
28
32
35

| 1

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1.
5 5
1
2
3
4
5
2.

5
3. 2
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
4. 3

| 1

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co

1. 2

2.
3.
4.

5.
6.

| 2

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1.
2.
3.

/
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

| 3

co

(degree) v
V deg v v

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1)

a 1
a 2 2
2)

v1

3
2
3
0
3
1
2

v2
v3

v4
v5
v6
v7

| 4

=
=
=
=

3
4
5
1

deg e
deg f
deg g
deg h

=
=
=
=

1
3
3
4

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deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d

co

G V(G) = V1 , V2 , V3 , V4 , V5 , V6
deg V1 = 5, deg V2 = 4, deg V3 = 3, deg V4 = 3, deg V5 = 4, deg V6 = 3
()
3

.....

1.
2
2.

| 5

.................................................................................. ...................... .................

1)

3)

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e

=
=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..
...

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d

=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e

=
=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..
...

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d

=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..

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2)

co

1.

4)

| 6

5)
=
=
=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..
...
...

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e
deg f
deg g
deg h

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..
...
..
..
..

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e
deg f

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6)

2. G 5 A, B, C, D, E deg A = 3, deg B = 3,
deg C = 2 D E

| 7

G
G
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

3
4
1
3
1
3
3
0

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deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e
deg f
deg g
deg h

co

3 + 4 + 1 + 3 + 1 + 3 + 3 + 0 = 18
9

(even vertex)
(odd vertex)

| 8

G2
G3
G4

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0
1
8
10

G1

0
0
1
2
2
0
16
2
3
20
4
2

co

A 1
B 3
C 3
E 3

D 2
F 4
H 2
G 2

| 9

.................................................................................. ...................... .................

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1.
1)
deg a = ..
deg b = ..
deg c = ..
deg d = ..
deg e = ...

...............................................................
................................................................................

2)

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e
deg f

=
=
=
=
=
=

..
..
..
..
..
..

...............................................................
................................................................................

3)

deg a = ..
deg b = ..
deg c = ..
deg d = ..
deg e = ...
deg f = ..
deg g = ..
deg h = ...
...............................................................
................................................................................

| 10

4)

deg a = ..
deg b = ..
deg c = ..
deg d = ..
deg e = ..
deg f = ..
deg g = ..
deg h = ...
deg i = ...
deg j = ...
deg k = ..
deg l = ..
...............................................................
................................................................................

5)

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deg a = ..
deg b = ..
deg c = ..
deg d = ..
deg e = ...
deg f = ..
deg g = ..
deg h = ...
deg i = ...
deg j = ...
...............................................................
................................................................................

| 11

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2.

G 1

G2

G3

G4

deg P =. , deg Q =.... , deg R =....

P, Q, R
G 1 .....................
deg S =.... , deg U =.... , deg T =.
T S, U
G 2 .....................
deg P = . , deg Q = .... , deg R = . ,
deg T = .
P, Q, R, T
G 3 ......................
deg 1 = ..... , deg 2 = .. , deg 3 = .. ,
deg 4 = ..
1, 2, 3, 4 ..................................
G 4 .....................

| 12

G5

G6

deg 1 = .... , deg 2 = .... , deg 3 = .......... ,

deg 4 = .... , deg 5 = ....
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ...................................
G 5 .....................
deg P = .. , deg Q = .. , deg R = .. ,
deg S = ... , deg U = ..
Q, R, U .....................................
P, S .............................................
G 6 ....................................................

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| 13

co

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22
n

22 = 2n

n = 11
11
G

| 14

8
deg A = 4, deg B = 3, deg C = 3, deg D = 4, deg E = 2
deg A + deg B + deg C + deg D + deg E = 4 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 2 = 16
16
2 ( 8 ) = 16

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15 3
4 3
n 3
( 3 )( 4 ) + ( 3 )( n )

( 3 )( 4 ) + ( 3 )( n ) = ( 2 )( 15 )
12 + 3n = 30
n = 6
3 6
4 3
3 + 6 = 9

co

1.

2.

| 15

 2
2
23
7

23 7
23 2
7

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, ,
,
4 3 3
4 2

, , ,

5 A , B ,
C , D E

A 4
B 3
C 3
D 4
E 2

| 16


20 15
5 5
3

5 15 3
5
n 1

5(15) + 3(5) = 2n
75 + 15 = 2n
n = 45
45

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17
3

17 3
17
2

...

| 17

.................................................................................. ...................... .................

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1. A = 3 , B = 2 , C = 4 , D = 3

............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
.............................................................................................................................. ..................................
................................................................................................................................................................

2. 14

................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
......................................................................................................................................................... .......
........................................................................................................................... .....................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................

3. 1, 1, 4, 4, 6

............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
4. 26 4
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................

| 18

5. 30 5
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
........................................................................................................................................ ........................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................

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6. 5 3
3 , 1 2
1
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................

7. 9 5
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
.................................................................................................................................................. ..............
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................

8. 17
5
.................................................................................................................................................. ..............
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................

| 19

co

9. 25
9
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................ ................................

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10. 50 20
3 13 4 17 5
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................ ....................................
............................................................................................................................. ...................................
................................................................................................................................................................

| 20

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1. 4 10 10
2. (X)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. G

. b, f
. c, f

. a, d
. b, e

2. G G

. 20
. 23

. 22
. 24

3. 12

| 21

co

. 20
. 21
. 22
. 23

4.

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5. G 18
. 6
. 7
. 8
. 9

6. 45 3 10 6

. 8
. 14
. 20
. 22
7. G 2 5 V(G) = 10 E(G) = 22
5
. 5
. 7
. 8
. 10

4, 3, 2, 2, 1
3, 3, 2, 2, 2
5, 3, 3, 2, 1
4, 3, 2, 1, 1

8.
. 5
. 5
. 5
. 5

9. 7
7 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4 4

.
.
.
. 0

| 22

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10. 15
3
. 45 ,
. 60 ,
. 45 ,
. 60 ,

| 23

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. (2551). 2551.
:
.
. (2554).
4 6 4. : .
. . 4 6
4. : SICENCE CENTER.
. (2553).
4- 6 4. ( 1). :
. .
. (2554).
4 4- 6. ( 1). :
. .
. (2554). . 4 6 4 (
). : .
. (2551).

. ( 1). : .

| 24

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| 25

.................................................................................. ...................... .................

1.

co

1)

2)

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no
k.

deg a = 3
deg b = 3
deg c = 3
deg d = 3
deg e = 2
deg a = 2
deg b = 3
deg c = 2
deg d = 5

3)

4)

deg a = 2
deg b = 4
deg c = 3
deg d = 3
deg e = 2

deg a = 3
deg b = 2
deg c = 2
deg d = 3

| 26

deg a = 3
deg b = 3
deg c = 3
deg d = 0
deg e = 4
deg f = 1

co

6)

5)

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k.

deg a = 2
deg b = 2
deg c = 2
deg d = 2
deg e = 5
deg f = 3
deg g = 3
deg h = 3

2. G 5 A, B, C, D, E deg A = 3, deg B = 3,
deg C = 2 D E

| 27

.................................................................................. ...................... .................

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k.

co

1.
1)
deg a = 3
deg b = 4
deg c = 1
deg d = 2
deg e = 4
3 + 4 + 1 + 2 + 4 = 14
7

2)

deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e
deg f

=
=
=
=
=
=

5
3
4
4
4
4

5 + 3 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 24
12

deg a = 5
deg b = 2
deg c = 3
deg d = 2
deg e = 3
deg f = 2
deg g = 5
deg h = 2
5 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 2 = 24
12

3)

| 28

4)

5)

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deg a = 6
deg b = 2
deg c = 1
deg d = 2
deg e = 1
deg f = 4
deg g = 2
deg h = 1
deg i = 2
deg j = 1
6 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 4 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 1 = 22
11
deg a
deg b
deg c
deg d
deg e
deg f
deg g
deg h
deg i
deg j
deg k
deg l

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1
2
3
3
1
4
4
0
1
1
1
1

1 + 2 + 3 + 3 + 1 + 4 + 4 + 0 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 22
11

| 29

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2.

G 1

G2

G3

G4

deg P = 2 , deg Q = 2 , deg R = 2

P, Q, R
G 1

deg S = 1 , deg U = 1 , deg T = 0

T S, U
G 2 2

deg P = 2 , deg Q = 2 , deg R = 2 , deg T = 0

P, Q, R, T
G 3
deg 1 = 0 , deg 2 = 0 , deg 3 = 0 , deg 4 = 0
1, 2, 3, 4
G 4

| 30

G6

deg 1 = 0 , deg 2 = 2 , deg 3 = 4 ,

deg 4 = 0 , deg 5 = 0
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
G 5
deg P = 5 , deg Q = 4 , deg R = 6 ,
deg S = 5 , deg U = 4
Q, R, U
P, S
G 6 2

G5

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| 31

.................................................................................. ...................... .................

co

1. A = 3 , B = 2 , C = 4 , D = 3

6

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k.

2. 14

28

3. 1, 1, 4, 4, 6

1 + 1 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 16
8
4. 26 4
13
x 4
4x

4x
=
2(26)
x
=
13

5. 30 5
12
x 5
5x

5x
=
2(30)
x
=
12

| 32

co

6. 5 3
3 , 1 2
1
3 3
3 1 2
2 1
4 (3 x 3) + ( 1 x 2 ) + (1 x 4 ) = 15

.k
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no
k.

7. 9 5
5
5 9 x 5 = 45

8. 17
5
17
5 5
17 x 5 = 85

9. 25
9

25 9
25 x 9 = 225 ()
x

225 =
2x
225
x
=

| 33

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no
k.

co

10. 50 20
3 13 4 17 5

20 3, 13 4 17 5
= (20x3) + (13x4) + (17x5)
= 60 + 52 + 85
= 197

| 34

2.
5.
8.

3.
6.
9.

co

.k
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no
k.

1.
4.
7.
10.

| 35

m
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w
w

| 36