Importance of Water

Man and animals not only consume water, but they also
consume vegetation for their food. Vegetation, in turn, cannot
grow without water.
Growth of vegetation also depends upon bacterial action,
while bacteria need water in order to thrive.
Good sanitation cannot be maintained without adequate
water supply system.
Man needs water for drinking, cooking, cleaning and
washing.
Water maintains an ecological balance

Objectives of Water Supply System

The quintessential objective of water supply system is to
supply water equitably to the consumers with sufficient
pressure so as to discharge the water at the desired
location within the premises.
Historical Development
Most of the historical community settlements throughout
the world were made near springs, lakes and rivers from where
water for drinking and irrigation purposes was obtained.
In the ninth century, few important water supply structures
were constructed by the Moors in Spain. In the 12th century,
small aqueduct was constructed in Paris. In London, spring
water was brought by means of lead pipes and masonry
conduits in the thirteenth century.
During the first phase of the Industrial Revolution, large
impounding reservoirs were developed due to the necessity of
feeding canals.

Components of Water Supply System and their

Functions
The components of a water supply system can be
divided into two major parts:

1. Transmission Line or Transmission Main: Pipeline from

intake to reservoir tank.
2. Distribution Line: Pipeline from reservoir tank to tap
stand.
There are three systems of supply as:
i. Gravity Flow System
ii. Pumping System
iii. Dual System