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karkarBarrbYs nigGMeBIhwgSa

INJURY & VIOLENCE PREVENTION

PECM3
PCEM3
2007

eKaledA
bnab;BIemeronenHsikakamnwgGac
dwgBIniymny nig erobrab;BIRbePTrbYsEdlekIteLIgedayGectna nigectna
RBmTaMgyuTsaRs sMrab;karkarBar nigtamdan
GFib,ayBIktaEdlnaMbgeGaymanGMeBIhwgSa nigrbYssamedayGectna
nigectna
BiPakSaBIviFankarkarBarxngBIrbYsnigeRKaHfak;cracrN_
dwgBIyuTsaRsmUldansMrab;CYyseRgaHenAkgeBlmaneRKaHGasn

niymny
KWCakarxUcxatdl;ragkayrbs;mnusSmak;EdlCalTplnkarRbQmmuxeTA
nwg Pak;garEdlbgeRKaHfak;ehIyEdlragkayminGacTb;Tl;)an
rbYs minEmnCaCMgWeT EtCYnkalvaGacbNalmkBIktaEtmYy dUcCa
viTuskmGacbNal[rlak rbYs nigeBlkayCamharIk CMgW/
faBlclkGacbNal[mankar)ak;qwg rbYs nig[ rlakqwg CMgW
eRKaHfak;minEmnCa rbYsedayGectnaeT b:uEneRKaHfak;GacbNal [ man
rbYseday Gectna

TidPaBTUeTA
Caerogral;qaM CnCatiGaemrik RbEhlCa150/000nak; )ansab;edayrbYs ehIy
mYycMnYnFMFak;xnBikar. mUlehtunkarsab;enHbNalmkBIxngpg nigmkBI Gk
dTpg dUcCamnusSXat GtXat nig karrMelaP.
enAeBlEdlrbYsekItmaneLIgedaykarbgeLIgedayKaneKalbMNgGaRkk; ehAfa
rbYseday Gectna. enAeBlmaneRKaHfak;edaydYlm:UtU edaykarFak; edayePIg
eqH GacbNal[man rbYsedayGectna.
enAeBlbcb,nrbYsrebobenHekIteLIgmineTogTat;edaysarehtukarN_ EdlekIt
eLIghYsBIkarRtYtBinitrbs;mnusS.
enARbeTskm<CakgmYyfmanGkrbYsedaysareRKaHfak;cracr Cag100nak;
nigGksab;cMnYn 4nak; 2004.

enA2011manGkrgeRKaHedaysareRKaHfak;cracrcMnYn 16654 nak;.


1905 nak;sab;. manGksab;cMnYn 5eTA7nak; nigrgeRKaHfak;16nak; e daysar
eRKaHfak;cracrkgmYyf
ebIeyIgeRbobeFobeTAqaM 2010 karxatbg;edayeRKaHfak;cracrN_ekIn11enAqaM
2011 EdlKitCaTwkR)ak;esInwg 310 lan dula srG

krNIsab;tampvCati

RbePTrbYs
rbYsedayGectna

rbYsedayeRKaHfak;cracr

rbYsedayGectna)anRtUvEckecjCaRbePT
dUcCa
rbYsedaysaryanyn eRKaHfak;cracr
rbYsekIteLIgenAkgpH
rbYsedaykarkMsan
rbYsedaysarkargar

KWCamUlehtuTI2cMbgnkarsab;nGayuBI 1529qaM enARbeTskm<Ca RkumGayu20-24TTYl


rgeRKaH nigsab;edayrbYseday saryanyn
eRcIn CageK. enAqaM 2011karsab; eday eRKaH
fak;cracrN_)anekIn5 nigGkrbYsFn;fycuH
15 eFobeTAnwgqaM 2010.

ynkarrbYs
brisan pv sBaa
\riyabT TMlab;

Pak;garbgr
yanyn

The Haddon Matrix


use for planning, resource allocation, strategy identification

Pre-event

muneBlekItehtu
Event

eBlkMBugekItehtu
Post-event

eRkayeBlekItehtu

Human

Vehicle

mnusS

yanyn

Driver ability
driver training

Human tolerance
to crash : seatbelt
helmet-child
restraint
general health
status of the
victim

Inspection and
checking program

Crash worthiness
of the vehicle

Environment

brisan
Physical: road way marking.
Social: Attitudes: drink
speed
Physical: Fixed object near road
way-unsecure object of the vehicle

Social: enforcement mandatory


seatbelt and helmet use

Petrol tank design to


minimize fire during
crash

Physical: Availability and effective


timely emergency response

Social: Public support for


trauma care and rehabilitation

yuTsaRskarBarkuM[maneRKaHfak; rbYsedayeRKaHfak;cracr
kta

GkCiH
Pak;gar-vuicTr yanyn
karb:HTgci Ka-ynkarbuk-kMlaMgbkarbuk

brisa n

GnraKmn_EdlGaceFVI)an

)aneronebIkbr-eRbImYksuvtiPaB-eKarBc,ab;cracr
Ba)alGkrbYs[)anTan;eBl
c,ab;elIkarRtYtBinti el,On
hamXat;karplitbnaMcUlRbePTm:tU UEdlmankMlaMgxaMg
eFV[I kan;EtlRbesIreRKgyanynEdlGacRtYtBinit)an
pSBVpSayGb;rBM cI ,ab;cracr-EkERb\riyabFbegInkaryl;dwgBIviFankarkarBar bnyPaBrelagnfl;dak;saksBaacracrtampv

ktaEdlnaM[maneRKaHfak;cracr

el,On -ebIkbredaykMhwg-ht;enOy gguy edayebIkbr niyayTUrsBV nigkarkMsanepSg


eRbIR)as;ExSRkva:t;karBar nigmYksuvtiPaBminRtwmRtUv RBmTaMg Kan Child safety Seats
eRbIeRKgRsvwg nigfaMejnenAeBlebIkbr
kgcMeNamGkEdlmaneRKaHfak;cracredaysarebIkbryanyn 60-70Gac manCIvit
rs;)anebIeKeKarBtamkarENnaMkgkarBak;]bkrN_karBar.
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mankarTgicEpkk,al ehIyvaGac[maneRKaHfak;dl;kUnekg nigmnusS Tab EdlGgyCit
eTAnwg tabLaneBk.

edIm,I[eBagxl;karBaredaysuvtiPaBRtUveFVItamesckIENnaMCamUldan
dak;ekg[GgyxageRkay nigelIekAGIsMrab;ekg rhUtdl; 12qaM
RtUvTukcMgay 10GIug 25/4s/m enAcenaHeBagxl; nig
qwgedImRTUgrbs;GkebIkbr

etIRtUvkarBareRKaHfak;edaykarebIkbredayrebobNa?
eKarBel,nEdlc,ab;kMNt;
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kuMTTYlTaneRKOgRsvwgeBlebIkbr
EqkemIlyanynEdleRbI[)aneTogTat; nigRtwmRtUv
eKarBc,ab;cracr
eBlebIkbrmU:tURtUvBak;mYksuvtiPaB[)anRtwmRtUv

kartamdanrbYs
kartamdanrbYsskm
karRbmUlTinnyCaeTogTat;
cat;taMgbuKliksuxaPi)aledIm,IRbmUlBtmanelIkrNIfI
tamdanCaRbcaMnUvkrNIrbYsedayeRKaHfak; b GMeBIhwgSakg
RKYsar enA EpkRbeBaFnkm.

kartamdanrbYsminskm
karRbmUlTinnymincaM)ac;RsavRCavrkGkrbYs
tamdantambBaIkt;RtaCMgW r)aykarN_
BIEpkepSgedaymin)ac;eRbImnusScuHeTARsavRCavrkCMgW.

esvaevCsaRsbnan;

b:UlIs
Ba)aledayxng
evCbNit

EpkseRgaHbnan;
rbYs

mnIreBT

saldak;exac
mCmNlsarBlkmnigsm,Ta

mCmNlEfTaMrbYsRKaMRKa
Robertson, 1992

karcuHbBaIkar
bBaITinnyTak;TgnwgkrNICMgWBiess
Cak;lak;kgcMeNamRbCaCnEdl)ankMNt;
dUcCakarykmUldanRbCaCn b mUldan suxaPi)al.
Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology

kartamdantamsg;TIENl
tamehtukarN_
tamRkumRbCaCnEdlmanlkNvinicytamEdl)ankMNt;.

John Last
Dictionary of Epidemiology

Management TA NPH

22

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eRKaHfak; nigrbYskgpH

Fak;
ePIgeqH
Bul
sak; nig sHxl;
pHGavuFedayGectna
lg;Twk
stVxaM-cwk
ExSePIgqk;

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karFak;GacekIteLIgedaysarmUlehtuCaeRcInEdleyIgGackarBar)aneday
kMralpH CeNIr nigkEngepSgeTotRtUvkuM[manrbs;EdlGaceFVI[rGil bTat;b:HnaM
[pat; RKic
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eBleLIgCeNIrRtUveRbIdTaMgBIrkan;bgan;d
dac;xatkuMQrx<s;CagkaMTI3 rab;BIelI
eBleRbICeNIrbt;edIm,IeLIgeFVIGVImYy RtUvemIlfaetI)andak;KnwH[Cab;ehIybenA
kuMbnbekAGIeLIgedIm,IykGVImYyenATIx<s;
eFVIr)aMgenAmat;TVarpH nig bgc ebImanekgtUc ehIykuM[TukekgelgenA TIx<s;dUcCa tu
ERKedayKanGkemIlva.

etIRtUvkarBardUcemcedIm,IkarBarePIgeqH

kuMCk;)arIenAelIERK
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kuMdak;GVIEdlGaceqHenAEk,ERKedk

RtUvmanRckeKcecjcMnYn2sMrab;ecjBIbnb;-GaKar
RtUvdak;sBaaRbkasGasneBlmanePIgeqH
ebImanePIgeqH
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ebIman)at;nrNamak;RtUvraykarR)ab;eTAPak;garBnt;GKIPy minRtUvcUleTAkgvij
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ebICab;enAkgeBlePIgkMBugeqH minRtUvebIkTVarEdleqHeT RtUvrkRckepSgecj dUcCabgc
edayERsk[eKCYy.
karQk;nwgEpSgGac[sab;dUecHRtUvlUnecoskEngEpSgedayRKbRcmuH nigmat;eday
lYcdkdegImmg
ebIsMelokbMBak;rbs;GkeqH sUmkuMrt; RtUvQb;plxneTAelIkMralehIy RbemolxncuH
eLIgedIm,I[)at;GNatePIg

karBul
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enAqaM 2003 enAmnIrBTkal;Em:tEtmYy mankrNIBuldl;eTA 608nak; esI 4
nCMgwTUeTA EdlRsIman57/9 nigburs42/1. RkumGayuEdlrgeRKaHman BI
15-29=56/1 BI30-44qaMman26/2.
karBuleRcInmkBI cMNIGarhar 257 krNI eRbIfaMelIsdUs249krNI
Buleday faMsMlab; stVlit 53krNI BuledaypwkRsamanCatiemtaNuleRcIn
28 krNI nigedaymUlehtuepSgeTot 21krNI .

enAshrGaemrikkarBuleRcInmkBI elbfaMelIsdUs Buleday sabU sMGatpH eRbgkateqA


faMsMlab;stVlit sMlab;esA eRKOgsMGag.
enARbeTskm<CakarBuleRcInmkBI faMsMlab;stVlit faMsMlab;esA elbsfhYsdUs.
dUecHedIm,IkarBarRtUv
rbs;EdlGac[BulRtUvTukdak;[qayBIdekg nigmansresrsMKal;elIdb bkMBugEdl
dak;va.
edIm,IkarBarnigCYysRgaH[)anTan;eBl RtUvsal;elxTUrsBnmCmNl nkarBul
Poisoning Center) EdlenACitbMput beBT EdlenACitbMput.
eBlykGkBuleTAeBTRtUvykrbs;EdlnaM[BuleTACamYypgedm,IgayRsYlrkfaM
bnSab.
(

sak; nigsH
ekgGacsH bsak;enAeBlEdlvaelbrbs;tUc rwgenAkgmat;rbs;va.
dUecHedIm,IkarBar eKRtUvTukrbs;tUc[qayBIdekgeRkamGayu 3qaM.
minRtUv[ekgjauMkar:uteqA RKab;sr htdr eBatlIg. l.
RtUvBinitRbdab;ekgelg[)anRtwmRtUvERkgmanrbs; pSMdUcCaexA bbMENk
tUcEdlekgGacelbcUl)an. kuM[ekgebomfg;)as;sIk b eb:ge)a:g
kgmat;.
eyIgGacCYyekgEdlsak;)anedayeRbIviFI HEIMLICH or Abdominal
thrust

karpHGavuF

kuMykkaMePIgeTACnelg bPg;elg nwgGkdTeRBaHxacralk


kaMePIgRtUvcak;esar nigTukenAepSg BIRKab;.
RtUvBinitkaMePIg[)anRtwmRtUvmunnwgykeTAeRbI
Rbkan;Pab;nUv\riyabTmansuvtiPaB
RbytkuMdak;kaMePIg[ekgyk)an
eBleRbIR)as;kaMePIgkuMeRbIeRKOgejon faM nig suraeRBaHvanaM[man karsMerc
citxus.

eRKaHfak;kgeBlelgkILa bkMsan
KWCaeRKaHfak;EdlbgeGaymanrbYsenAeBlkMBugelgkILabkgeBlkMsanmYy

c,ab;bbTbjaEpkgenAkEngkILanigkMsandUcCa
kuMEhlTwkelgEtg
eBlCiHTUkRtUvBak;GavsuvtiPaB
RtUvBinitkEngelgkILafaetImansuvtiPaBbeT/
RtUUvBak;mYk b]bkrN_suvtiPaBeBlelgkILa bEl,gkMsanNaEdl haniPy
bNaleGayman eRKaHfak;.

eRKaHfak;kargar
eRKaHfak;kargarekIteLIgenAkEngdEdlbuKlikeFVkI ar
dUcCa karRbQmnwgsarFatUKImI sarFatupH nig eRKOg
cRk .
mUlehtudMbUgEneRKaHfak;kargar
KWCalTplEnkarRbQm b:HBal;eTAnwgPak;gar
E dlmanCatiBul pHeBlkMBugeFVkI ar.

taragEnktahaniPyEneRKaHfak;kargarBIRbPBepSg
karCIkEr:
sMNg;
kardwkCjn
Ksikm
kEngjaMTu wk )ay
mnIreBT
kEng lk;eRKOgeTs
eragcRk
kEngplitnava
eragcRkeQI
eragcRksti elahFatu
eragcRktm,aj- eragcRkplitnigevcxbs; ac;

haniPykargar
ktahaniPyrbs;rbYskargarCaktaEdlmindUcCamUlehtuEdl
bgrbYs rWCMgWedaypal;eT b:uEnvamanTMnak;TMngCamYy.
manktahaniPynrbYskargarGaceGayman
Having a risk factor for Occupational
Injuries makes the chances of getting a
condition higher but does not always lead
to Occupational Injuries. Also, the absence
of any risk factors or having a protective
factor does not necessarily guard you
against getting Occupational Injuries. For
general information and a list of risk
factors, see the risk center.

GMeBIhwgSa -rbYsedayectna
GMeBIhwgSaKWCaeRbIkMlaMg bGMNacCaBaksMedA CarUbrag pvcit
EdleFVI[manrbYs edayxng nigdl;GkdT.
mUlehtuPaKeRcInnGMeBIhwgSaeRcInmkBI sgm ePT eRKOgRsvwg nig eRKOg
ejon karrMelaP vaytb;edayeRbIkMlaMgbMBan karrukKYn karlbcab; .

kareFVI
Abdominal thrust

edayxng eBlsak;
kareFVI
Abdominal
thrust

edIm,ICYyGkrgeRKaH
edaysak;

BakKnwH
niymnynrbYs
RbePTnrbYs
karkarBareRKaHfak;cracr
viFICYyekgEdlsak;edayrbs;rwgtUc
etIeKeRbItaragrbs;GkNaedIm,IerobcMyuTsaRskarBareRKaHfak;cracr
GMeBIhwgSasitkgRbePTrbYsNa?

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