Chemical Engineering Plant Design

A process which raw materials are changed

their chemical structure to different
chemical structure is called Chemical
Process.

Jirdsak Tscheikuna
Lecture 01

Products from Chemical Process

Different chemical structure from raw materials

High purity product compared with raw materials

Chemical process is a multi

step operation. Any change
in chemical structure can not
be completed in a single step.

 Each step is carried out

through reaction, separation,
mixing, heating, cooling, etc.

What are we doing during

Process Design?

Select and arrange the

sequence of each operation.

Specify operating conditions.

 Calculate the duties (energy)

required to operate the
process.

Select materials of
construction of all process
equipment.

Calculate and specify major

specifications.

Generally arrange the

equipments needed to ensure
proper functioning of the
plant.

 Specify line sizes and

principal instrumentation.

Plant & Process

General Structure of
Chemical Process

Process

Product Storage

Reactant

Raw Material Storage

Utilities

Product

Reactor System
Separator System

Waste

Plant
Seider et al. And Douglas, J.M.

General Structure of
Chemical Process

Reaction

Separation

General Structure of
Chemical Process
Reactor Feed Preparation
Reactor
Separation System Feed Preparation
(phase separation)
Separation System (Purification System)
Recycle
Environmental Control
Turton, R. et al.

Recycle

Process Design
Reactor Feed
Preparation

Reactor

Phase
Separation

Purification

Environmental
Control

Process Design

Process Design Output

Input-Output Design (Order-of-Magnitude)

General Process Design (Study)
Preliminary Design (Conceptual Design)
Definitive Design (Piping &
Instrumentation)
Detail Engineering Design

Input/Output Structure and Overall Material

Balances
Block Flow Diagram
Process Flow Diagram
Piping & Instrumentation Diagram
Detail Engineering Diagrams (vessel sketch,
piping isometric, plot plan, etc.)

Basic Chemical Engineering

Flow Diagrams

Flow Diagrams

Block Flow Diagram (BFD)

Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)

Additional Diagrams
Utility Flowsheet
Plot Plans and Elevation Diagrams
Piping Isometrics

Schematic Diagram

Vessel Sketches
Logic Ladder Diagrams
Wiring Diagrams
Site Plans
Structural Support Diagrams