ECUACIONES

1 BCT

ECUACIONES RACIONALES

Actividades resueltas

Resuelve las siguientes ecuaciones racionales:

1)

x 2 5x + 4
=5
8x
A
= C A = BC
B

Aplicamos las reglas de trasposicin de trminos, para eliminar denominadores:

2

x 5x + 4 = 40 5x x 36 = 0 x = 36 x = 6

2)

x3 x5
=
x+5 x+3
Multiplicamos en cruz, para eliminar denominadores:
2

x 9 = x 25 9 = 25

3)

A C
= A D = BC
B D

No hay solucin real

x
x
+
=1
x +1 x 2
En primer lugar se calcula el m.c.m. de los denominadores: (x + 1)(x 2)
Multiplicamos todos los trminos de la ecuacin por dicho m.c.m., suprimiendo los denominadores:
x (x 2) + x (x + 1) = (x + 1)( x 2) x 2x + x + x = x 2x + x 2 x + 2 = 0
2

x +2=0 x =-2
2

4)

No hay solucin real

2x
x+2
= 1+
x2
2
Multiplicamos toda la ecuacin por 2(x 2):

x=0
4x = 2(x 2) + (x + 2) (x 2) 4x = 2x 4 + x2 4 x2 2x = 0

x - 2 = 0 x = 2

5)

3x
x2
=
8 + 4x
x
Multiplicamos en cruz, para eliminar denominadores:
2

A C
= A D = BC
B D

3x = 8x 16 + 4x 8x x 16 = 0 x = 4

Luisa Muoz

ECUACIONES

6)

1 BCT

16x 3 12
= 6 + 8x
2x 2 4
3

16x 12 = 12x 24 + 16x 32x 12x 32x 12 = 0 3x 8x 3 = 0

Resolvemos la ecuacin de segundo grado:

8 + 10

x1 =
= 3 x1 = 3
6
8 82 43(3) 8 10
x=
=
=
23
6
x = 8 10 = 2 x = 1
2
2
6
6
3

7)

2x 2 4 2x + 1
=
x +1
x2 4
Multiplicamos en cruz, para eliminar denominadores:

A C
= A D = BC
B D

x = 0
3
2
3
2
2
2x + 2x 4x 4 = 2x + x 8x 4 x + 4x = 0 x(x + 4) = 0
x + 4 = 0 x = 4

8)

x + 1 x 1 2x + 1
+
=
x+2 x2
x +1

( x + 1)( x 2 ) + ( x 1)( x + 2 ) = 2x + 1
2
x 4

x +1

x 2 x 2 + x 2 + x 2 2x + 1
2x 2 4 2x + 1
=

=
x2 4
x +1
x2 4
x +1

Multiplicando en cruz:

x1 = 0

3
2
3
2
2
2x + 2x 4x 4 = 2x + x 8x 4 x + 4x = 0 x(x + 4) = 0
x + 4 = 0 x 2 = 4

9)

x + 5 x 5 10
+
=
x5 x+5 3
Multiplicamos toda la ecuacin por 3(x + 5)(x 5)
2

3(x + 5) + 3(x 5) = 10 (x 5)(x + 5) 3(x + 10x + 25 ) + 3(x 10x + 25) = 10x 250
2

6x + 150 = 10x 250 4x 400 = 0 x = 100 x = 10

10)

3x 2 + 2
x2 + 2

= 4x 2 + 3

3x + 2 = (4x + 3)(x + 2) 3x + 2 = 4x + 8x + 3x + 6 4x + 8x + 4 = 0 x + x + 1 = 0
2

Resolvemos la ecuacin bicuadrada: y + 2y + 1 = 0

2

(y + 1) = 0

Luisa Muoz

y = -1 x = -1 No hay solucin real

ECUACIONES

11)

1 BCT

1
2
9
+
=
x +1 x + 2 2
Multiplicamos toda la ecuacin por 2(x + 1)(x + 2)
2

2x + 4 + 4x + 4 = 9x + 18x + 9x + 18 9x + 21x + 10 = 0
Resolvemos la ecuacin de 2 grado:

12
2
21 + 9
=
x1 =
x1 =
18
18
3
21 (21) 49(21) 21 9
x=
=
=
29
18
30
5
21 9

x 2 = 18 = 18 x 2 = 3

12) x 1 =

4x
+5
x +1

x 1=

4x
+5
x +1

x6 =

4x
x +1

(x 6) (x + 1) = - 4x x 5x 6 = - 4x x x 6 = 0
2

Resolvemos la ecuacin de 2 grado:

1+ 5

x =
= 3 x1 = 3
1 12 41(6) 1 5 1
2
x=
=
=
21
2
x = 1 5 = 2 x = 2
2
2
2

13)

3
1
2
+ =
x+3 6 x2
Multiplicamos toda la ecuacin por 6(x + 3)(x 2)
2

18(x 2) + (x + 3)(x 2) = 12(x + 3) 18x 36 + x + x 6 = 12x + 36 x + 7x 6 = 0

x=

14)

7 (7)2 41(6)
21

7 + 5

x1 =
= 1 x1 = 1

2
7 5
=
=
2
x = 7 5 = 12 x = 2
2
2
2
18
3

x 2 32
28
= 2
4
x 9
2

-112 = (x 32)(x 9) -112 = x 32x 9x + 288 x 41x + 400 = 0

2

Resolvemos la ecuacin bicuadrada: y 41 y + 400 = 0

y=

Luisa Muoz

41

41 + 9

y =
= 25 x1 = 5
412 41400 41 9
1
2
=

21
2
y = 41 9 = 16 x = 4
2
2
2