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Behavior as Communication
Operant Conditioning all behavior is learned and behavior change is a result of the
consequence of that behavior
Concepts of stimulus-response, reinforcement, consequence, setting events, stimulus
control, generalization and maintenance
ABA interventions focus on changing the environment so reinforcement (positive/negative)
is not received and behavior occurs with less frequency, intensity and duration.
Cowan and Sheridan (2009)
Antecedent Strategies
Involves changing the learning environment in order to prevent problem
behavior from occurring. Antecedent strategies focus on what happens
immediately before a behavior occurs.
Reducing academic demands to meet instructional level or sandwich instructional tasks between
independent tasks
Allow for alternative methods of task completion
Allow opportunities for choice
Movement to a distraction-free environment
Provide scheduled attention to reduce attention-seeking behavior
Increasing level of support when completing difficult or non-preferred tasks
Use of visual schedules or advance organizers
Establish a clear and predictable schedule
Behavioral Momentum
Consequential Strategies
Ensure the desired behaviors are reinforced and avoid reinforcing problem
behavior
Positive reinforcement attention, materials, activities
Verbal Praise
Token economy
Behavior contracts
Reinforce frequently, make eye contact, describe the behavior, build anticipation
by reminding student of reward and use variety in reinforcerment.
Cowan and Sheridan (2009)
Divorce
Abuse
Lack of sleep
Medication change
Alcohol/Drug abuse
Depression
Anxiety
Poverty
ADHD
Setting
Event
(Lack of
Sleep/medicat
ion changes)
Desired Behavior
Complete Task
Consequence (+R)
FREE TIME
Immediate
Antecedent
Request
Made
Challenging Behavior
Whining, Crying,
Ripping up Work
Consequence (-+P)
Ignore, prompt,
continue with task
Consequence (-R)
Replacement Behavior
Use Break Card
Evidence-Based Interventions
Evidence-Based Resources