Internal

Principles of the WCDMA

System
GSM-to-UMTS Training Series_V1.0
www.huawei.com

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Use of OVSF Code

Over downlink channels, OVSF codes are used to differentiate users.
Over uplink channels, OVSF codes are used to differentiate the services

of a user.
Typical Service

Data Rate (bit/s)

Downlink SF

Uplink SF

AMR

12.2 + 3.4

128

64

Modem 28.8 kbit/s

28.8 + 3.4

64

32

12.2 kbit/s AMR and 64 kbit/s

packet data

12.2 + 64 + 3.4

32

16

12.2 kbit/s AMR and 144 kbit/s

packet data

12.2 + 144 + 3.4

16

12.2 kbit/s AMR and 384 kbit/s

packet data

12.2+384+3.4

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Scrambling in the WCDMA System

Downlink: Different cells (sector carrier frequencies) have different

downlink scrambling codes.

Each cell is configured with a unique downlink scrambling code. The UE

identifies a cell based on the scrambling code.

OVSF codes are used to differentiate different users in a cell.

Uplink: Scrambles are used to differentiate different users.

In a cell, each user is configured with a unique uplink scrambling code.

OVSF codes are used to differentiate the services of a user.

Source
coding

Channel

Interleaving
Spreading
coding and

Scrambling

Modulation

interleaving

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RF
emission

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WCDMA Scrambling Code: Gold Sequence

Over downlink channels, OVSF codes are used to differentiate

users.
There are 224 uplink long scrambling codes and 224 uplink short
scrambling codes.
Over downlink channels, scrambling codes are used to differentiate

cells (sectors/carriers).
There are (218 - 1 = ) 262143 scrambling codes on the downlink.
Currently, however, only the primary scrambling codes in the
scrambling codes from No.0 to No.8191 are used.
A scrambling code is repeated every 10 ms. It is 38400 chips long.

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Primary and Secondary Scrambling Codes

Primary
scrambling code 0
Secondary
scrambling code 1

Downlink
scrambling code

Set 0
Set 1

Set 511

Secondary
scrambling code 15

Primary scrambling
code 51116
Secondary scrambling
code 51116 1

8192 scrambling
codes

512 sets

Secondary scrambling
code 51116 15

Currently, the system mainly uses primary

scrambling codes.
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Each set contains 1

primary scrambling
code and 15
secondary
scrambling codes.