Hai Dang

CS6475 - SPRING 2015

ASSIGNMENT 5

GRADIENT AND EDGE DETECTION

I.

CalculateGradientinXandinYdirection:
Thisisrathersimple,Ijustiteratethrougheverypixel,andsetittothedifferenceofthe
pixelinthenextcolumn/nextrow.Belowisthecode.AlsoImadesuretoassigntheboundary
valuestozeros.

defimageGradientX(image):
ret=np.copy(image)

foriinrange(0,ret.shape[0]):

forjinrange(0,ret.shape[1]1):

ret[i][j]=abs(int(ret[i][j+1])int(ret[i][j]))

ret[i][ret.shape[1]1]=0
returnret

defimageGradientY(image):
ret=np.copy(image)
foriinrange(0,image.shape[0]1):

forjinrange(0,image.shape[1]):

ret[i][j]=abs(int(ret[i+1][j])int(ret[i][j]))

forjinrange(0,image.shape[1]):

ret[image.shape[0]1][j]=0
returnret

II.
CalculateCorrelationbyapplyingakerneltothepicture:
Thisisalsostraightforward.Ijustiteratethrougheverypixel,andforeachpixel,apply
theformulafromthelecture.Belowisthecode

defcomputeGradient(image,kernel):
ret=np.copy(image)
forjinrange(0,image.shape[1]):

ret[0][j]=0

ret[image.shape[0]1][j]=0
foriinrange(0,image.shape[0]):

III.

ret[i][0]=0
ret[i][image.shape[1]1]=0

foriinrange(1,image.shape[0]1):
forjinrange(1,image.shape[1]1):
val=0
foruinrange(0,3):
forvinrange(0,3):
val=val+kernel[u][v]*image[i+u1][j+v1]
ret[i][j]=int(val)
returnret

EdgeDetection:
1. OriginalPicture:

2.Methods:

ItriedseveralmethodsotherthanCannysEdgeDetector,andhavefoundtwowaystodeliver
decentresults.
A. Method1:
a. CalculateGradientinXandinYdirection
b. Foreachpixel,getthemaxofthevalues.Theresultisshownbelow

c. Now,toshowtheedgesinthepicture,Iusethekernelofsize3x3tosmoothout
thenoisefirst,thenchoosethethresholdtobetheaverageofallthepixel.I
d. Iteratethroughallpixel,assignitto255ifitsvalueisgreaterthan3timesthe
average,and0otherwise.Belowisthepicture

B.Method2:
a. CalculateGradientinXandinYdirection(Similartomethod1)
b. Foreachpixel,getthemaxofthevalues.(Similartomethod1)
c. Now,toshowtheedgesinthepicture,Iusethekernelofsize3x3tosmoothoutthe
noisefirst,thenchoosethethresholdtobetheaverageofallthepixel.I
d. Now,treattheproblemofedgedetectorasanomalydetection.Wewillusearolling
windows(Ipickedthesize30x30)tomoveacrossthepicture.
e. Calculatemeanandstandarddeviationofallvaluesfromthatwindows.Anypixelwith
valuegreaterthan
mean+std
isconsideredasanomaly,andhencechangethevalue
to255.Otherwise,weassign0toothers.Belowistheresult

3.CannyEdgeDetection

Forcomparisonpurposes,IhaveattachedtheresultofCannysEdgeDetectionbelowtoshow
thedifferences.

4.FurtherDevelopment:

Asonecansee,mymethodsdonthavetheresultasgoodasCannysEdgeDetectionyet.
Howevertheyhavealotofpotentialandcanbeimprove.Wecanchangethesizeofthekernel
toimprovesmoothing,wecanalsofinetunethethresholdtogetbetterresults.Thebest
improvementIbelieveistocombinemultiplemethodtogether,andhavesomevoting
mechanismtotellwhetherapixelshouldbelongtoanedgeornot.