Key people and terms:

BEFORE the test

Compromise of 1850

Review the following

fugitive

Chapter 16 Study Guide A

Nation Divided

Wilmot Proviso
Jefferson Davis
John C. Frmont
Sectionalism

John Brown
Franklin Pierce
James Buchanan

arsenal
civil war
popular sovereignty

1. What were the results of the Missouri Compromise?

Free and Slave States were balanced/equal
2. What are the parts of the Compromise of 1850?
A. California is a free State
B. B. Mexican Cession is divided into New Mexico & Utah Territories and Popular
Sovereignty is set in place
C. Slave Trade is ended in Washington D.C
D. Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 enacted
E. Border Dispute settled between Texas and New Mexico
3. During the 1840s, what problem in the U.S was the worst: Sectionalism, nationalism,
capitalism, or compromises?
Sectionalism
4. What did the Free Soil Party wanted to accomplish?
They wanted to keep slavery out of the Western Territories

5. Describe the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.

Everyone has to return fugitives or they would be fined $1,000 and 6 Months in jail. A
special court was set up to deal with cases in which judges would receive $10 to return
slaves to the south and $5 to set slaves free.
6. Was Uncle Toms Cabin a fiction or nonfiction story?
Fiction

7. What reversed the Missouri Compromise?

Kansas-Nebraska Act & the Dred Scott Case
8.
A.
B.
C.
D.
9.

What were the results of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups fought
Two Governments set up
2 territories
Slavery could spread
Describe the Dred Scott case?

Scott moved with his owner into the Illinois and Wisconsin territories which happened to
be free territories. When they moved back to Missouri, his owner died and Scotts lawyers
said he was free so a lawsuit was filed. It reached the Supreme Court which stated that
slaves were property, and the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
10. Why did John Brown attack the arsenal at Harpers Ferry?
He wanted to start a slave revolt
11. What did southerners believe about the election of Lincoln?
Lincoln and Congress were out to get the south and end slavery so the south would not
have a voice in the government anymore. The south would have to secede.

12. Why did some political leaders join together to form the Free Soil Party?
They wanted to preserve the Union
13. What compromises are based on the principle of popular sovereignty?
Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act
14. What did the Fugitive Slave Law and Uncle Toms Cabin caused many northerners to
do?
Support Abolition
15. Why did the Dred Scott Decision anger northerners?
They thought slavery would die out and it further angered them that slavery could spread
16. Why did Lincoln win the election of 1860?
Voters in the north easily outnumbered southern voters and the Democratic Party had split
with 3 candidates, causing none of them to receive the popular vote
17. What did Senator John Crittenden do in 1860?
He proposed extending the Missouri Compromise Line to the Pacific Ocean and amending
the constitution that would guarantee to hold slaves south of the compromise line
18. Who was the spokesperson over slavery in the Mexican Cession?
John C. Calhoun
19. Which of the following did the Kansas-Nebraska Act apply to: states rights,
nullification, popular sovereignty, or universal suffrage?
20. Why didnt Lincoln use force against the Confederacy?
He did not want to start a civil war and he might lose the support of the other 8 slave states
that had not left the Union
Familiarize yourself with the graphic on page 426

Essay Questions: You will be asked to answer the following essay questions.
1. Why did the Southern states secede after the election of 1860?

2. Why was the issue of slavery in the territories important to BOTH sides?

3. What was the crisis that Lincoln faced when he took office? How did he handle it?