fzpj Mrphpah;fSf;F,

Algebra = Cobra
vd;gijr; Rl;of;fhl;o ghlk; elj;Jk; Mrphpah;fs; gyh; nUf;fpd;wdh;. nJ
khzth;fSf;F

vjph;kiwahd

tpisit

Vw;gLj;jp

mth;fis

Bjhy;tpapd;

gpof;F miHj;Jr; bry;yf; TlhJ. mJ Cobrathf nUe;jhYk; xU khztd;

vg;go mijf; ifahs Btz;Lk; vd;W fw;Wf; bfhLg;gjpy;jhd; xU fzpj
Mrphpahpd; gA;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; bgWfpwJ.

Algebra is a Cobra
If we go on writing
It goes like a Zebra
vd;w thpfs;jhd; nd;iwa khzth;fSf;F czh;j;jg;gl Btz;Lk;.
fzf;fpy; g[yp vd;gJ Mrphpah;fis Rl;of; fhl;lhky; mth;jk;
khzth;fisr; Rl;of; fhl;Lfpd;w BghJ xU fzpj Mrphpahpd; gzp 100%
KGik bgWk;.
9,10 ghlA;fis jtpu gpw ghlA;fspy; jug;gl;Ls;s tpdhf;fis 60+ epiy
tiu cs;s khzth;fSf;Fk;, kPj;jpwd; kpf;f 80+ khzth;fSf;F gapw;rpapy;
kPjKs;s BkYk; gy tpdhf;fspYk; gapw;rp mspj;jy; Btz;Lk;.
xU
kjpg;bgz;
tpdhf;fis
bghWj;jtiu
ghlA;fs;
(2,3,5,6,7)
Mfpatw;wpypUe;J jyh 2 tpdhf;fSk;, ghlA;fs; (1,4,8,11,12) Mfpatw;wpypUe;J
jyh 1 tpdht[k; Mf bkhj;jk; 15 tpdhf;fs; Bfl;fg;gLk;.
ne;j
2,3,5,6,7
bkhj;jk; 108 tpdhf;fs;
kjpg;bgz;fis vspjpy;
f;F 150 kjpg;bgz;fis

ghlg;gFjpfspdpd;W (20,20+,40+) epiyapYs;BshUf;F

g[j;jfj;jpYs;sd. mtw;iw bjhlh;gapw;rp mspj;jhy; 10
bgwyhk;. 1,4,8,11,12 ghlA;fspy; cs;stw;iw 60+, 80+
vspjpy; bgwyhk;.

ne;Ehy; totikf;fg;gl;l thpirapy; cs;s tpdhf;fspy; gapw;rpa[k;, rpWrpW

Bjh;t[fs; elj;jp clDf;Fld; khzth; Kd;dpiyapy; jpUj;jk; bra;J mspg;gjd;

}yk; khzth;fs; fzpjj;Bjh;tpid ek;gpf;ifa[ld; vjph;bfhs;s Koa[k;. 100%

Bjh;r;rpapidg; bgw tHptFf;Fbkd cWjpa[ld; ek;g[fpBwhk;. 100% Bjh;r;rp bgw
ey;thH;j;Jf;fs;.

10 M tF fj
ghlthhpahf
Below 20

ghl vz;

ghlj;jiyg;g[

Mark

9.

bra;Kiw totpay;
(bjhLBfhL, tl;lehw;fuk;)
10.
tiuglk;
(brt;tf mjpgu tisak; kl;Lk;)
1. fzA;fSk; rhh;g[fSk; (btd;glk;,
kjpg;gfk;, Jiz kjpg;gfk;, Kd;cU,
epHy;cU fhzy;)

10
10
14

- 34 Marks
20 +

ghl vz;
3.

ghlj;jiyg;g[

Mark

naw;fzpjk; (bjhFKiw tFj;jy;,

19

fhuzpg;gLj;Jjy;, th;f;f }yk;)

12.

epfH;jft[ (nU ehzak;, rPl;Lf;fl;L,

2 gfil, ge;Jfs;, gHA;fs;)
- 60 Marks

40+

ghl vz;
2.

ghlj;jiyg;g[

Mark

bka;baz;fspd; bjhlh;fSk;

12

bjhlh;thpirfSk; (Tl;Lj;bjhlh;,
bgUf;Fbjhlh; - tn, (Sn, 6+66+.n,n2, n3)
mLj;j 3 cWg;g[fs; fhzy;)
4.

mzpfs; (Tl;ly;, fHpj;jy;, bgUf;fy;,

(AB)T , A2-4A+5I2=0, mzpthpir,

thpirkhw;Wmzp, mzpapy; cs;s cWg;g[fs; fhzy;)
- 81 Marks
60+

ghl vz;
8.

ghlj;jiyg;g[

Mark

mstpay; (nize;j cUtA;fs;

14

vz;zpf;if, cUf;fp thh;j;jy;, tisgug;g[,

bkhj;jgug;g[, fd mst[, tpfpjk;, Muk;, cauk; fhzy;)
5. Maj;bjhiy totpay; (tl;l ikak;,

14

xUKid, kWKid, rkd;ghL mikj;jy;, niz, brA;Fj;J,

Kf;Bfhzj;jpd; gug;g[, ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[, Beh;BfhL rkd;ghL)
- 109 Marks

80+

ghl vz;
6.

ghlj;jiyg;g[

Mark

totpay; (Bjy;^;, gpj;jhfu^;, Bfhz

nUrk btl;o, bjhLBfhL, Bjw;wk;,

bjhlh;ghdit, tobthj;j Kf;BfhzA;fs;)
11.

g[s;spapay; - jpl;ltpyf;fk; tPr;R,

tPr;Rf;bfG,

7.

jpl;ltpyf;fk;, khWghl;Lf;bfG

Kf;Bfhztpay; (gapw;rp 7.2 kl;Lk;)

- 132 Marks

1 kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

15
- 147 Marks

9. & 10. my;yJ tpdhf;fs;

20

tpdhthhpahf
Below 20
20+

- 167 Marks

tpdh vz;
46

ghlj;jiyg;g[
10 kjpg;bgz;
9. bra;Kiw totpay;
(bjhLBfhL, tl;lehw;fuk;)
47
10. tiuglk; (brt;tf mjpgu tisak; kl;Lk;)
2 kjpg;bgz;
29
12. epfH;jft[ (nU ehzak;, yPg;, rhjh
Mz;L, rPl;Lf;fl;L, 1 gfil, 2 gfil)
28
11. g[s;spapay; (tPr;R, tPr;Rf;bfG, jpl;ltpyf;fk;,
khWghl;Lf;bfG)
26, 27
8. mstpay; (tisgug;g[, bkhj;jgug;g[,
fd mst[, tpfpjk;, Muk;, cauk; fhzy;)
20, 21
4. mzpfs; (mzpthpir, thpirkhw;Wmzp,
mzpapy; cs;s cWg;g[fs; fhzy;)
32 kjpg;bgz;
vz;
ghlj;jiyg;g[
5 kjpg;bgz;
31, 32
1. fzA;fSk; rhh;g[fSk; (btd;glk;,
kjpg;gfk;, Jiz kjpg;gfk;, Kd;cU, epHy;cU fhzy;)
35, 36
3. naw;fzpjk; (bjhFKiw tFj;jy;, fhuzpg;gLj;Jjy;, th;f;f }yk;)
43
11. g[s;spapay;-jpl;ltpyf;fk; tha;g;ghL kl;Lk;
44
12. epfH;jft[ (nU ehzak;, rPl;Lf;fl;L,
2 gfil, ge;Jfs;, gHA;fs;)
- 62 kjpg;bgz;

40 +
tpdh vz;
ghlj;jiyg;g[
5 kjpg;bgz;
38
5. Maj;bjhiy totpay;(Kf;Bfhzj;jpd; gug;g[, ehw;fuj;jpd; gug;g[,
Beh;BfhL rkd;ghL)
41, 42 8. mstpay; (nize;j cUtA;fs; vz;zpf;if, cUf;fp thh;j;jy;)
16, 17
1. fzA;fSk; rhh;g[fSk; (btd;glk;, kjpg;gfk;, Jiz kjpg;gfk;, Kd;cU,
epHy;cU fhzy;)
18
2. bka;baz;fspd; bjhlh;fSk; bjhlh;thpirfSk; (Tl;Lj;bjhlh;,
bgUf;Fbjhlh; - tn, mLj;j 3 cWg;g[fs;
fhzy;)
24
6. totpay; (Bjy;^; Bjw;wk;, bjhLBfhL bjhlh;ghdit,
tobthj;j Kf;BfhzA;fs;)
- 85 kjpg;bgz;

60 +
tpdh vz;
ghlj;jiyg;g[
5 kjpg;bgz;
33
2. bka;baz;fspd; bjhlh;fSk; bjhlh;thpirfSk; (Sn, 6+66+.n,n2, n3)
34
3. naw;fzpjk; (bjhFKiw tFj;jy;, fhuzpg;gLj;Jjy;, th;f;f }yk;, FWf;Fg;
bgUf;fy;)
37
4. mzpfs; (Tl;ly;, fHpj;jy;, bgUf;fy;, (AB)T , A2-4A+5I2=0)
2 kjpg;bgz;
19
3. naw;fzpjk; (jPh;t[fhzy;, g{r;rpak;, rkd;ghL, }yA;fspd; jd;ik)
22, 23 5. Maj;bjhiy totpay; (tl;l ikak;, xUKid, kWKid, rkd;ghL
mikj;jy;,
niz, brA;Fj;J)
25
7. Kf;Bfhztpay; (gapw;rp 7.2 kl;Lk;)
30
fl;lha tpdh 2
- 112 kjpg;bgz;
80+
tpdh vz;
39
40
45
1-15

ghlj;jiyg;g[
5 kjpg;bgz;
6. totpay; (Bjy;^;, gpj;jhfu^;, Bfhz nUrk btl;o, bjhLBfhL)
7. Kf;Bfhztpay; (gapw;rp 7.2 kl;Lk;)
fl;lha tpdh 2
1 kjpg;bgz; tpdhf;fs;

9. & 10. my;yJ tpdhf;fs;

20

- 15 kjpg;bgz;
- 147 kjpg;bgz;
- 167 kjpg;bgz;

1. bjhL nfhL tiuj

1. 3 br. MuKs tl tiuf. tl ikaUJ 7 br.. bjhiy
xU ia FJ, mUJ tlF bjhLnfhLf tiuf. nkY
bjhLnfhLf sij msJ vGJf.

2. 6 br. MuKs xU tl tiuJ mj ikaUJ 10 br. bjhiyYs xU

ia Ff. mUJ tlF bjhLnfhLf tiuJ mj
sfis fzLf.

3. 3 br. MuKs tl ikaUJ 9 br. bjhiy xU ia

Ff. mUJ tlF bjhLnfhLf tiuJ, mj sfis
fzLf.

4.

10 br. lKs xU tl tiuf. tl ikaUJ 13 br..

bjhiy P vw ia FJ mUJ tlF PA kW
PB vw bjhLnfhLf tiuJ mj sfis fzLf.

2. tl ehfu tiuj
5. AB = 6 br.., AC = 7 br.., BC = 6 br.. kW AD = 4.2 br.. msf bfhl
tl ehfu ABCD tiuf.
6. PQ = 4 br.., QR = 6 br.., PR = 7.5 br. kW QS = 7 br.. msf bfhl
tlehfu PQRS tiuf.
7. AB = 6 br.., BC = 5.5 br.., <ABC = 80 kW AD = 4.5 br.. msf bfhl
tl ehfu ABCD tiuf.
8. EF = 5.2 br.., <GEF = 50, FG = 6 br.. kW <EGH = 40 vw msf
bfhl tlehfu EFGH tiuf.
9. PQ = 4 br.., <P = 100, <PQS = 40 kW <SQR = 70 vDgo tlehfu
PQRS tiuf.
10. AB = 5.8 br.., <ABD = 35, AD = 4.2 br.. kW AB || CD vw msf bfhl
tl ehfu ABCD tiuf.
11 PQ = 6.5 br.., QR = 5.5 br.., PR = 7 br.. kW PS = 4.5 br.. vw msf
bfhl tl ehfu PQRS tiuf.
12.

AB = 6 br.., AD = 4.8 br.., BD = 8 br.. kW CD = 5.5 br.. vw msf

bfhl tl ehfu ABCD tiuf.
13. PQ = 5.5 br.., QR = 4.5 br.., <QPR = 45 kW PS = 3 br.. Ma msf
bfhl tl ehfu PQRS tiuf.
14. AB = 7 br.., <A = 80, AD = 4.5 br.. kW BC = 5 br.. vw msf bfhl
tl ehfu ABCD tiuf.

3. Knfhz tiuj
FJnfhL juglh :
15. AB = 6 br.. <C = 40 kW c C-UJ AB-F tiuagl FJnfho
s 4.2 br.. bfhl ABC tiuf.
16. PQR- mogf PQ = 6 br.., <R = 60 kW c R-UJ PQ-F
tiuagl FJnfho s 4 br. vd UFkhW PQR tiuf.
17. PQ = 4 br.., <R = 60 kW c R-UJ PQ -F tiuagl FJnfho
s 4.5 br.. vw msf bfhl PQR tiuf.
eLnfhL juglh Knfhz tiuj.
18. mogf BC = 5.5 br.., <A = 60 kW c A-UJ tiuagl eLnfhL
AM- s = 4.5 br. bfhl ABC tiuf.
19. BC = 4.5 br., <A=40 kW c A-UJ BC F tiuagl eLnfho
s AM = 4.7 br.. vd UF go ABC tiuf. nkY A-UJ BC-F
tiuagl FJnfho s fhf.
20. ABC-, BC = 5 br.., <A = 45 kW c A-UJ BC-F tiuagl
eLnfho s 4 br. vd UF go ABC tiuf.
21.

BC = 5 br.., <BAC = 40 kW c A-UJ BC-F tiuagl eLnfho

s 6 br.. vw msf bfhl ABC tiuf. nkY c A-UJ tiuagl
FJnfho s fhf.

4. tiuglf
1. mltiz bfhLfgLsit
1.

fhQ mltizF jFj tiugl tiuJ khf khWghL

jikia fh. mkhWgho khia (constant of proportionality) fhf.
2
3
5
x
8
12 20
y
nkY x = 4 v y- kig fhf.

8
32

10
40

xU to XLgt A vw lUJ B vw lF xU uhd

ntf xnu t btntW ehf gaz brOEwh. mt gaz brj

ntf, muid flf vLJ bfhl neu Madtiw ga

tuf (ntf-fhy) tU mltiz bfhLfgLsd.
2
60

ntf ntf (.. / k) x

neu (k) y

4
30

6
20

10
12

12
10

ntf - fhy tiugl tiuJ mUJ

(i) mt kF 5 . ntf brwh uij flf MF gaz neu
(ii) mt Fl uij 40 kneu flf vj ntf gaf
ntL Madtiw fhf.
3

thfgl nehL jff vif kW mjfhd iy tu

tU mltiz jugLsJ.
nehLjff
vif x
iy % y

30

60

90

10

12

120 150 180

jfhd tiugl tiuJ mj _y

(i) VG nehL jff iyia fhf.
(ii) % 165-F thfgL nehL jff vifia fhf.
4.
x
y

1
2

3
6

5
10

7
14

8
16

nkfl mltiz cs tuF tiugl tiuJ, mj _y

(i) x = 4 v y- kig fhf.
(ii) y = 12 v x- kig fhf.

5.
ntiyahf
vif x
ehf
vif y

16

96

72

48

36

32

18

mltiz bfhLfgLs tufhd tiugl tiuf. mj _y

12 ntiyahf mntiyia KGtJkhf Kof MF ehf
vifia fhf.

2. mltiz jahf ntoait

1.

xU t, _jFokf it bjhifF 10% jto jUwJ. it

bjhifF mjF X MLF ilF toF ilnaahd
bjhlidfhl xU tiugl tiuf. mj _y,
(i) % 650 it bjhifF ilF to kW
(ii) % 45 toahf ilf t brYjgl ntoa it bjhif
Madtiw fhf.

2.

xU ngUJ kF 40 .. ntf brwJ. jFa u-fhy bjhlfhd

tiugl tiuf. ij gagL 3 kneu ngUJ gaj
uij fLo.
xU l gh iy %15 vf. gh msF iyF cs
bjhlid fhL tiugl tiuf. mjid gagL,
(i) jrk khia fhf.
(ii) 3 l gh iyia fhf.

5.

xy = 20, x, y > 0 vgj tiugl tiuf. mjid gagL x = 5v, y-

kig, y = 10 v, x- kig fhf.

ghl 1 - fzfS rhfS

1 kbg
1

2 kbg
2

5 kbg
2

bkhj
15

5 kbg dhf
btgl _y rghf.
1. btglfis gagL (A B) = AUB vgij rghf.
2. btglfis gagL (AUB) = A B vgij rghf.
3. btglfis gagL AU(BC) = (AUB)( AUC) vgij rghf.
4.

btglfis gagL A (BUC) = (AB) U (AC) vgij rghf.

5. btglfis gagL A \ (BUC) = (A \ B) (A \ C) vgij rghf.

6.

btglfis gagL A \ (BC) = (A \ B) U (A \ C) vgij rghf.

7.

A= { 0, 1, 2, 3 } kW B = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 } vgd U fzf vf. f : A B

vD rh f (x) = 2x + 1 vd bfhLfgLsJ. rhid (i) tir
nrhof fz (ii) mltiz (iii) mF gl (iv) tiugl Matwh Ff.

8. f = { (2, 7), (3, 4), (7, 9), (1, 6), (0, 2), (5, 3) } vgJ
A = { 1, 0, 2, 3, 5, 7 } -UJ B = { 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9 } -F xU rh vf. f vw rh
(i) xWF xwhd rhghFkh? (ii) nk rhghFkh?
(iii) xWF xwhd kW nk rhghFkh?
9. A = { 5, 6, 7, 8 }; B = { 11, 4, 7, 10,7, 9,13 } vf.
f = {( x,y) : y = 3 - 2x, xA, yB } vd tiuaWfgLsJ.
(i) f - cWfis vGJf (ii) mj Jiz kgf ahJ?
(iii) rf fhf (iv) vtif rh vd fhf.
10. A = { 6, 9, 15, 18, 21 }; B = { 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 } kW f : A B vgJ
f(x) = x- 3 / 3 vd tiuaWfgoU rh f -I
(i) mF gl (ii) tir nrhof fz
(iii) mltiz (iv) tiugl Mat _y Ff.
11.

A = {4, 6, 8, 10 } kW B = { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 } vf. f : A B vgJ

f ( x) = X/2 + 1 vd tiuaWfgLsJ. rh f -I
(i) mF gl (ii) tir nrhof fz (iii) mltiz
Mat _y Ff.

2 kbg dhf
1

A = { 1, 4, 9, 16 }-UJ B = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }-F tU cwf vit

rhghF? mthW rh v, mj rfij fhf.
(i) f1 = { (1, 1), (4, 2), (9, 3), (16, 4) }
(ii) f2 = { (1, 4), (1, 1), (9, 3), (16, 2) }
(iii) f3 = { (4, 2), (1, 2), (9, 2), (16, 2) }
(iv) f4 = { (1, 2), (4, 5), (9, 4), (16, 5) }

2.

A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, B = N kW f : A B MdJ f (x) = x2 vd tiuaWfgLsJ

f - rfij fhf. nkY, rh tifia fhf.

3. tU mF glf rhig Fwdth vd TWf. c ilF

jFj fhuz TWf. (i)

a
b
c
d

x
y
z

(ii)

-3
-2
-1
m

4.

1
2
3

bfhLfgLs F= { (1, 3), (2, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9), (3, 1) } vD rhF, kgf
kW rf Matiw fhf.

5.

A = { 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 }; B = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 } kW fi : A B , i = 1,2,3.

vf. nH bfhLfgLsit vtif rhid FF? ilfhd
jFj fhuz jUf.
(i) f1 = { (10, 1), (11, 2), (12, 3), (13, 5), (14, 3) }
(ii) f2 = { (10, 1), (11, 1), (12, 1), (13, 1), (14, 1) }
(iii) f3 = { (10, 0), (11, 1), (12, 2), (13, 3), (14, 5) }

6.

X = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }, Y = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 } vf. X-UJ Y-fhd cwf nH

bfhLfgLsd. t vit rhghF? c ilfhd jFj fhuz
jUf. nkY, mit rh v, vtif rhghF?
(i) R1 = {(x, y)/ y = x + 2, x X , y Y }
(ii) R2 = { (1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 3), (4, 3), (5, 5) }
(iii) R3 = { (1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7), (5, 7) }
(iv) R4 = { (1, 3), (2, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9), (3, 1) }

7. R= {(a,- 2), (- 5, b), (8, c), (d,- 1)} vgJ rk rhig FFbk ,
a, b, c kW d Mat kfis fhf.

8.

A = { 2, 1, 1, 2 } kW f ={(x, 1/x):x A} v, f - rfij fhf.

nkY, f vgJ A-UJ A-F xU rhghFkh?

9. f = { (12, 2), (13, 3), (15, 3), (14, 2), (17, 17) } vw rh 2 kW 3 Mat
KcUfis fhf.
10.

11.

nH bfhLfgLs mltiz MdJ, A= { 5, 6, 8, 10 }-UJ

B = { 19, 15, 9, 11 }-F f(x) = 2x - 1 vwthW mikj xU rh v, a kW
b Madt kfis fhf?
x

10

f(x)

11

19

bfhLfgLs rh f = { (1, 2), ( 3, 1), (5, 6), ( 4, 3) } I

(i) mltiz (ii) mF gl Mat _y Ff.

ghl 3 - afj
fhugLJj
1. 2x 3- 3x 2 -3x+2 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
2. x 3- 3x 2 -10x+24 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
3. x 3- 2x 2 -5x+6 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
4. 4x 3- - 7x+3 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
5,. x 3- 23x 2 +142x-120 gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
6. 4x 3- 5x 2 +7x- 6 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
7. x 3- 7x+6 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
8. x 3- - 5x+4 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
9. x 3- 10x 2 -x+10 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
10. 2x 3 + 11x 2 - 7x- 6 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
11. x 3 +13x 2 +32x+20 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.
12. x 3 + x 2 +x -14 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.

13. x 3- 5x 2 - 2x+24 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.

14. 2x 3- 9x 2 +7x+6 vD gYWnfhitia xUgo fhufshf fhugLJf.

tf _y
1.

x 4 - 10x 3 + 37x 2 -60x+36

2.

x 4 - 6x 3 + 19x 2 -30x+25

3.

x 4 - 4x 3 + 10x 2 -12x+9

4.

4x 4 + 8x 3 + 8x 2 +4x+1

5.

9x 4 6x3 + 7x 2 - 2x+1

6. 4 + 25x 2 - 12x -24x 3 +16 x 4

7.

4x 4 - 12x 3 + 37x 2 + ax+b

8.

x 4 - 4x 3 + 10x 2 - ax+b

9.

ax 4 + bx 3 + 109x 2 - 60x+36

10.

ax 4 - bx 3 + 40x 2 + 24x+36

11.

m - nx +28x 2 +12 x 3 +9 x 4

2 kbg
1 . x 3 + x 2 - 7x- 3 vgij x - 3 M tFF nghJ ilF < kW fhf.
2. x 3 + x 2 - 3x +5 vgij x - 1 M tFF nghJ ilF < kW fhf.
3. 3x 3 -2 x 2 +7x- 5 vgij x + 3 M tFF nghJ ilF < kW fhf.
4. x 3 - 6 x 2 + 11x- 6 vw gYW nfhitF x - 1 xU fhu vd Wf
5. x 3 + 6 x 2 + 11x+ 6 vw gYW nfhitF x+ 1 xU fhu vd Wf

RUFf
6.

5x + 20
7x+28

7.

x 2 - 8x- 12 = 0 vw rkgho _yf jikia Muhf.

8,

2x 2 - 3x + 4 = 0 vw rkgho _yf jikia Muhf.

9.

9x 2 +12x- 4 = 0 vw rkgho _yf jikia Muhf.

10.

2x 2 - 10x + K = 0 rkghLf _yf bkbaf kW rkkhdit v,

k kfisfLo.
12x 2 + 4 K x + 3= 0 rkghLf _yf bkbaf kW rkkhdit
v, k kfisfLo.

11.

12.

7+ 3 kW 7 - 3 Matiw _yfshf bfhl Ugo rkghL

xid mikf.

13.

3 kW 4 Matiw _yfshf bfhl Ugo rkghL

xid mikf.

14.

3+ 7 kW 3 - 7 Matiw _yfshf bfhl Ugo rkghL

xid mikf.

15.

x 2 - 6x+ 5 = 0 vw rkgho _yf TLj kW bgUfgy

Matiw fhf.

16.

3x 2 - 5x = 0 vw rkgho _yf TLj kW bgUfgy

Matiw fhf.

17.

8x 2 - 25 = 0 vw rkgho _yf TLj kW bgUfgy

Matiw fhf.

ghl - 12. fjf

1 kbg
1

2 kbg
1

5 kbg
1

bkhj
8

5 kbg dhf
1.

xU uhd gfil xU Kiw cUlgLwJ. tU ffSfhd

fjffis fhf.
(i) v 4 ilj (ii) xU uilgil v ilj
(iii) 6- gfh fhuf ilj
(iv) 4-I l bga v ilj

2.

xU uhd ehza uL Kiw RlgLwJ. fhQ ffSfhd

fjfid fhf.
(i) U jiyf ilj (ii) FiwjJ xU jiy ilj
(iii) xU kL ilj.

3.

U uhd gfilf xU Kiw cUlgLwd. fhQ ffSfhd

fjfid fhf.

(i) Kf vf TLj 8 Mf Uj (ii) Kf vf xnu vfshf (doublet)

Uj (iii) Kf vf TLj 8-I l mfkhf Uj
4. eF fiyJ itfgl 52 Lfis bfhl L foUJ
rkth nrhjid Kiw xU L vLfgLwJ. mj L tUtdthf
Uf fjffis fhf.
(i) uhrh (ii) fU uhrh
(iii) ngL (iv) lak 10
5. _W ehzaf xnu neu RlgLwd. tU ffSF
fjfid fhf.
(i) FiwjJ xU jiy ilgJ (ii) U f kL ilgJ (iii) FiwjJ
U jiyf ilgJ.
6. _W ehzaf xnu neu RlgLwd. fjf Tl
njwij gagL, rahf U f myJ Fiwjgr xU jiyahtJ
ilF f foejfid fhf.
7.

52 Lfis bfhl xU LfoUJ rkth Kiw xU L

vLfgL nghJ, mL xU uhrh (King) myJ xU Ah (Heart) myJ xU
t w lhf ilgjfhd fjfid fhf.

8. xU ig 10 btis, 5 fU, 3 gir kW 2 t w gJf csd.

rkth Kiw njbjLfgL xU gJ, btis myJ fU myJ gir
wkhf Ugjfhd fjfid fhf.

9.

xU gfil UKiw cUlgLwJ. Kjyhtjhf cUlgLnghJ xU

uilgil v ilj myJ mU cUl Kf vf
TLj 8 Mf Uj vD f fjfid fhf.

10. 1 Kj 50 tiuyhd KGfUJ rkth Kiw X v njbjLf

gLnghJ mbt 4 myJ 6 M tFgLtjfhd fjf fhf.
11 . xU ig 50 kiu MfS (bolts), 150 UF kiufS (nuts) csd.
mtW gh kiu MfS, gh UF kiufS JUojit. rkth
Kiw VnjD xiw njbjLF nghJ mJ JUojjhf myJ
xU kiu Mahf Ugjfhd fjfid fhf.
12.

U gfilf xnu neu nru cUlgLnghJ ilF Kf vf

TLj 3 M kW 4 M tFglhkUf fjf fhf.

13. xU Til 20 MfS 10 MuR gHfS csd. mtW

5 Mf kW 3 MuRf mGait. rkth Kiw xUt xU
gHij vLjh, mJ Mshfnth myJ ey gHkhfnth Ugjfhd
fjfid fhf.
14. eF fiyJ mL itfgl 52 Lfis bfhl L foUJ
rkth Kiw xU L vLfgLwJ. mj L nglhfnth (Spade)
myJ uhrhthfnth (King) Ugjfhd fjfid fhf.
15.

xU a kJ (car) mjDila totikfhf UJ bgW fjf

0.25 vf. wj Kiw vbghU gaghofhd UJ bgW fjf
0.35 kW U UJfS bgWtjfhd fjf 0.15 v, mkJ
(i) FiwjJ VjhtJ xU UJ bgWj
(ii) xnu xU UJ kL bgWj Ma ffSfhd fjffis fhf

16. A, B, C Mnah xU dhF fhgjfhd fjff Kiwna

4/5, 2/3 , 3/7 vf. A kW B UtU nrJ fhgjfhd fjf 8/15
B kW C UtU nrJ fhgjfhd fjf 2/7 A kW C UtU
nrJ fhz fjf 12/35 _tU nrJ fhz fjf 8/35 v,
ahnuD xUt mdh fhgjfhd fjfid fhf.

2 kbg dhf
1.

Kj UgJ a vfUJ xU KG v rkth Kiw

njbjLfgLwJ. mj v xU gfh vzhf Ugjfhd fjfid
fhf.

2.

xU Fl eh kiH tUtjfhd fjf 0.76. mFl eh kiH

tuhk Ugjfhd fjf ahJ?

3.

xU rkth nrhjid xU f A vf. mf u f

vf. P(A) : P() = 7 :12 v, P(A) I fhf.

4.

xU uhd gfil uL Kiw cUlgLwJ. Kf vf TLj 9 ilf

bgWtjfhd fjf fhf?

5.

12 ey KilfSl 3 mGa Kilf fyJsd. rkth Kiw

njbjLfgL xU Kil, mGajhf Ugjfhd fjf vd?

6.

U ehzafis xnu rka RLnghJ, mfgrkhf xU jiy

ilgjfhd fjfid fhf.

7.

eF fiyJ mLa 52 Lfis bfhl foUJ rkth Kiw

xU L vLfgLwJ. tUtdtF fjffis fhf.
(i) vLj L lak Mf Uf (ii) vLj L lak yhk
Uf (iii) vLj L V lhf yhk Uf.

8. . xU bgo 4 gir, 5 y kW 3 t w gJf csd. rkth

Kiw xU gij njbjLf mJ (i) t w gjhf Uf (ii) gir w
gjhf yhkUf Madt fjffis fhf.
9.

_W gfilf xnu neu cUlgLnghJ, _W gfilfY xnu v

ilgjfhd f fjfid fhf.

10.

A kW B vgd xiwbahW yF ff. nkY

P(A) = 3/5 kW P(B)= 1/5 v, P(A U B) -I fhf .

11 .

A kW B vw uL ff P(A) = 1/4 , P(B)= 2/5

kW P(A U B) = 1/2 v, P(A B) -I fhf.

12.

xU ig 10 btis, 6 t kW 10 fU w gJf csd. rkth

Kiw xU gid vLFnghJ mJ btis myJ t w gjhf
Ugjfhd fjfid fhf.

13.

2, 5, 9 vw vfis bfhL, X uoyf v mikfgLwJ. mj

v 2 myJ 5 M tFgLkhW mika fjf fhf. (mikfgL v
xnu yf L tUj TlhJ )

13.

ACCOMMODATION vw brh xbthU vGJ jjna

a fhjf vGjgL, mj 13 a fhjfS xU Kfit

itfgLsd. rkth Kiw KfitUJ xU fhjij nj

br nghJ, m l bgW vGJ
(i) A myJ O Mfnth
(ii) M myJ C Mfnth Ugjfhd fjffis fhf.

ghl 4 - mf
5 kbg dhf
1. A =

4 1 2
1 -2 3
0 3 2

B=

2 0 4
6 2 8
2 4 6

C= 1 2 -3
5 0 2
1 -1 1

v, A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C vgjid rghf.
2. A =

-2
4
5

B=

( 1 3 -6 )

v, (AB)T = B T AT vgjid rghf.

3. . A =

1 -1

v A2 - 4 A + 5 I2 = 0 vgjid rghf.

2 3

4. A = 5
7

2
3

B=

2 -1
-1 1

v, (AB)T = B T AT vgjid rghf.

2 kbg dhf
1. A = 8 5 2
1 -3 4
v, AT kW (AT )T Matiw fhf.

2. xU efu 6 nkiy gf, 8 caiy gf kW 13 bjhlf

gf csd. j tufis 3 x 1 kW 1 x 3 tirfis bfhl
mfshf Ff.
3.

8 cWf bfhl xU mF vtif tirf Uf aY?

4.

30 cWf bfhl mF vtif tirf Uf aY?

5. A =

2
4
5

3
1
0

v, A- iu u khW mia fhf.

.A= 1 2 3
2 4 -5
3 -5 6

v, (AT )T = A rghf.
7.

x 5 4
5 9 1

3 5 z
5 Y 1

v, x, y kW z Madt kfis fhf.

8. A =

5 6 -2 3
1

B = 3 -1 4 7
2

v, A + B fhf.
9

A = 2 3
9 5

1 5
7 -1

v, A- Tl nekhW mia fhf.

10 . A = 3 2
5 1

kW B =

8
4

-1
3

v, C = 2A + B vw mia fhf.

11.

A= 4

-2

kW B =

-9

-1 -3

v, 6A - 3B vw mia fhf.
12. A =

-6

v, AI = IA = A vgij rghf. F I vgJ tir 2 bfhl myF m.

13. 3
1

5
2

kW

2 -5
-1 3

Mad m bgUfiy bghUJ xWbfhW

nekhW m vd Wf.

ghl 5 - Mabjhiy toa

5 kbg dhf
1.

(-4, -2), (-3, -5), (3, -2) kW (2, 3) Ma fis Kidfshf bfhl ehfu
guigfhf.

2. tUtdtiw Kidfshf bfhl ehfuf gugsfis fhf.

(i)(6, 9), (7, 4),(4,2) kW(3,7)
(ii) (-3, 4), (-5,- 6), (4,- 1) kW (1, 2)
(iii) (-4, 5), (0, 7), (5,- 5) kW (-4,- 2)
3. Nuij gagL, A(1,0), B(5,3), C(2,7) kW D(2, 4) vw tir
vLJbfhsgl f xU izfu cfshF vd Wf.

2 kbg dhf
1. tU fis Kidfshf bfhl Knfhzf eLnfhL
ikafis fhf.
(i) (1,3),(2, 7) kW (12 , - 16) (ii) (3,- 5),(-7, 4) kW(10,- 2)
2.

A(4, -6), B(3,-2) kW C(5, 2) Matiw cfshf bfhl Knfhz

eLnfhL ika fhf.

3. xU tl ika (-6, 4). mtl xU l xU Kid, M

v, kbwhU Kidia fhf.

4.

(1, 2), (-3 , 4) kW (-5 ,-6) Matiw Kidfshf

bfhl Knfhz guig fhf.

5.

A (6 ,7), B (4 , 1) kW C (a , 9) Matiw Kidfshf bfhl ABC -

gu 68 r. myFf v, a- kig fhf.

6.

A(2 , 3), B(4 , 0) kW C(6, -3) Ma f xnu nenfho mikJsd

vd %.

7.

3x + 2y - 12 = 0, 6x + 4y + 8 = 0 Ma nenfhLf iz vd Wf.

8.

x + 2y + 1 = 0, 2x - y + 5 = 0 Ma nenfhLf xWF xW brFjhdit

vd Wf.

9.

x + 2y + 1 = 0, 3x + 6y + 2 = 0 Ma nenfhLf iz vd Wf.

10. 3x - 5y + 7 = 0, 15x + 9y + 4 = 0 Ma nenfhLf xWF xW brFJ

vd Wf.

ghl 6 - toa
5 kbg dhf
1. mogil jrk njw myJ nj njw vG Wf
2. nfhz Urkbto njw vG Wf
3.

jhfu njw (ghja njw) vG Wf

2 kbg dhf
1. ABC- DE II BC kW AD / DB = 2/3 . AE = 3.7 br. v, EC-I fhf.
2. xU tl AB, CD vD U ehf xiwbahW cwkhf P-
bto bfhwd.
(i) CP = 4 br., AP = 8 br.., PB = 2 br. v, PD-I fhf.
(ii) AP = 12 br., AB = 15 br., CP = PD v, CD-I fhf.
3. AB kW CD vw U ehf tlF btna P vD bto
bfhwd.
(i) AB = 4 br., BP = 5 br. kW PD = 3 br. v, CD-I fhf.

(ii) BP = 3 br., CP = 6 br. kW CD = 2 br. v, AB-I fhf.

ghl 7 - Knfhza
5 kbg dhf
1. neFjhd xU ku nkghf fhdh KJ, mKj gF nH
GJlhk, ku c jiul 30 nfhzij VgLJwJ. ku c
mj moUJ 30 bjhiy jiuia bjhLwJ v, ku KG
cauij fhf.
2. 700 cau gwJ bfhoUF xU bAfhlUJ xUt X M
U fiuf nebuuhf cs U bghUfis 30, 45 wf nfhzf
fhwh v, M mfyij fhf. ( 3 = 1.732 )
3. 200 mo cauKs fyfiu sf cUJ, mj fhghs xU
njh kW xU glF Matiw ghwh. fyfiu sf mo, njh
kW xU glF Mad xnu ir xnu nenfho mikwd. njh,
glF Mat wf nfhzf Kiwna 45 kW 30 vf. uL
ghJfhghf Uf ntLbk, mitfSF ilgl u FiwjJ 300
moahf Uf ntL. ilbt Fiwjh fhghs vrif x vGg
ntL. mt vrif x vGg ntLkh?
4. 60 cauKs xU nfhuUJ xU fll c kW mo Mat
wf nfhzf Kiwna 30 kW 60 v, fll cauij fhf.
5. 40 cauKs xU nfhu c kW mo MatUJ xU fyfiu
s c Vw nfhzf Kiwna 30kW 60 v, fyfiu
s cauij fhf. fyfiu s cUJ nfhu
moF cs uij fhf.

2 kbg dhf
1.

200 sKs dh xU fhwho flgL gwJ bfhoUwJ. mj

jiuklJl 30 nfhzij VgLdh, fhwho jiuklUJ
vts cau gwwJ vd fhf. (F xU nenfho csjhf
fUJf)

2.

Rt rhJ itfgl xU VahdJ jiul 60 nfhzij VgLJwJ.

V mo RtUJ 3.5 u csJ v, V sij fhf.

3.

30 sKs xU fg H s 10 3 v, Na Vw
nfhz (jiu klUJ Vw nfhz) msid fhf.

4.

xU Rik CUJ (truck) Rikia wf VJthf 30 Vw nfhz xU

rh js (ramp) csJ. rh js, c jiuUJ 0.9 cau
csJ v, rh js s ahJ?

5.

cau 150 br. cs xU W xU sF fg K wthW 150 3 br.

sKs Hiy VgLJwh v, sF fg c Vw
nfhzij fhf.

6. sin /cosec + cos / sec = 1vw KbwhUikia Wf .

ghl 8 - msa
5 kbg dhf
1.

7 br. lKs cUis tot Kfit js j csJ. m

xbthW 1.4 br. lKs y nfhs tot gF ff nghlgLwJ.
cUisYs kl 5.6 br. cau vjid gF ffis KfitD
nghlntL vd fhf?

2.

8 br. lK 12 br. cauK bfhl xU ne tl k U TghdJ

cUfgL 4 . MuKs k nfhs tot FLfshf thfglh
ilF nfhs tot FLf vifia fhf.

3. 12 br. lK 15 br. cauK bfhl netl cUis KGtJ gTdh

(ice cream) uggLsJ. gTHhdJ 6 br. lK, 12 br. cauK
bfhl nkw miunfhs izj toyikj T uggLwJ.
vjid Tf gTid KGtJkhf ugyh vd fhf.
4.

fkiz gagL xU khzt 48 br. cauK 12 br. MuK bfhl

ne tlk Tig brjh. mTig kbwhU khzt xU k
nfhskhf khdh. mthW khwgl a nfhs Muij fhf.

5. 18 br. MuKs k cnyhf nfhskhdJ cUfgL _W a btntW

mss nfhsfshf thfgLwJ. mthW thfgl uL k
nfhsf Muf Kiwna 2 br. kW 12 br. v _whtJ nfhs
Muij fhf.
6. kzyh uggl xU cUis tot th cau 32 br. kW Mu 18
br.. mkz KGtJ jiu xU netl T to bfhlgLwJ.
mthW bfhlgl kz T cau 24 br. v, mT Mu kW
rhauij fhf.
7. 14 lK kW 20 MHKs xU zW cUis to btlgLwJ.
mthW btLnghJ njhobaLfgl k uhf guggL 20 # 14

msf mogfkhf bfhl xU nkilahf mikfglh, mnkil

cau fhf.
8. xU isahL ggukhdJ (Top) T J miunfhs izj to
csJ. miunfhs l 3.6 br. kW ggu bkhj cau 4 . 2 br.
v, mj bkhj wguig fhf.
9. xU fd cUt, miunfhs J cUis izj to csJ.
mfdUt l kW bkhj cau Kiwna 21 br. kW 25.5 br.
v, mj fd msit fhf.
10. 120 br. sK, 84 br. lK bfhl xU rhiyia rkgLJ cUisia
(road roller) bfhL xU isahLl rkgLjgLwJ. isahL liy
rkgLj Uis 500 KG RWf RHy ntL. isahLliy
rkgLj xU r. lUF 75 igrh j, liy rkgLj MF bryit fhf.

2 kbg dhf
1. xU ilfl toyhd th nkw kW mow Muf Kiwna 15 br.
kW 8 br.. nkY, MH 63 br. v, mj bfhssit l fhf.
2. xU k ne tl cUis Mu 14 br. kW cau 8 br.. v, mj
tisgu kW bkhj wguig fhf.
3.

xU k ne tl cUis bkhj wgu 660 r. br.. mj l 14 br..

v, mUis cauij, tisguig fhf.

4. xU k ne tl cUis tisgu kW moRws Kiwna 4400 r.br.

kW 110 br.. v, mUis cauij, lij fhf.
5.

uL k miunfhsf Muf 3 : 5 vw j csd.

mnfhsf tisguf j kW bkhj wguf j
Matiw fhf.

6.

xU k cUis Mu 14 br.. mj cau 30 br. v, mUis

fdmsit fhf.

7.

xU kUJtkidYs nehah xUtUF dK 7 br. lKs cUis

tot z torhW (Soup) tHfgLwJ. mghu 4 br. cauF
torhW xU nehahF tHfglh, 250 nehahfSF tHf njitahd
torh fdmsid fhf.

8.

uL ne tl cUisf Muf j 2 : 3. nkY cauf j

5 : 3 v, mt fdmsf jij fhf.

9.

kudhyhd xU k T moRws 44 . kW mj cau 12 v

mk T fdmsit fhf.

10.

14 br. gf msf bfhl xU fdrJu UJ btobaLfgL

fbga T fdmsit fhf.

11.

8.4 br. l bfhl xU nfhstot k cnyhf vFo fd msit

fhf.

ghl 11 - a
5 kbg dhf
1.

xU khj 8 khztf goj jff vif tUkhW.

2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 6, 12, 10. tu l yfij fzLf.

2. xU tFF eljgl bghJ mnj bkhj kbgf 40-F,

6 khztf bgw kbgf 20, 14, 16, 30, 21 kW 25. tu l
yf fhf.
3. 62, 58, 53, 50, 63, 52, 55 Ma vfSF l yf fhf.
4. 10 khztf fj nj bgw kbgf tUkhW,
80, 70, 40, 50, 90, 60, 100, 60, 30, 80. kfSF l yf fhf.
5. fhQ tuf l yfij fzLf.
(i) 10, 20, 15, 8, 3, 4. (ii) 38, 40, 34 ,31, 28, 26, 34.
6.

18, 20, 15, 12, 25 vw tufSF khWghL bfGit fhf.

2 kbg dhf
1. tU kfSF R kW R bfG fhf.
(i) 59, 46, 30, 23, 27, 40, 52, 35, 29.
(ii) 41.2, 33.7, 29.1, 34.5, 25.7, 24.8, 56.5, 12.5.
2. xU tu W k 12. mj R 59 v m tu
bgU kig fhf.
3. 50 msf fbga k 3.84 .. mj R 0.46 . v, mitf
W kig fhf.
4. 43, 24, 38, 56, 22, 39, 45 Ma tuf R kW RbfG fhf.

5. xU tFYs 13 khztf vil (.) tUkhW.

42.5, 47.5, 48.6, 50.5, 49, 46.2, 49.8, 45.8, 43.2, 48, 44.7, 46.9, 42.4
t R kW R bfGit fhf.
6. xU tu bjhF bgU k 7.44 kW mj R 2.26 v,
mbjhF W kig fhf.
7. flj tu bjhFYs 20 kf l yf 5 vf.
tu xbthU kig 2 M bgUdh ilF a
tuf l yf kW yf tf ruhr fhf.
8. Kj 13 a vf l yfij fzLf.
9. Kj 10 a vf l yf fhf.

10. xU tu khWghL bfG 57 kW l yf 6.84 v, mj

TL ruhria fhf.
11. xU FG 100 ng csd, mtf cauf TL ruhr 163.8 br. kW
khWghL bfG 3.2 v, mtfSila cauf l yfij fhf.

ghl 2 - bkbaf bjhltirfS bjhlfS

5 kbg dhf
1.

9 M tFgL midJ _yf a vf TLj fhf.

2.

300-F 500-F ilnas 11 M tFgL midJ a vf

Tlgy fhf.

3.

100-F 200-F ilnas 5 M tFglhj midJ a vf

Tlgyid fhf.

4.

6 + 66 + 666 + .. vD bjhl Kj n cWf TLj fhf.

5.

tU bjhlf Kj n cWf TLj fhf.

(i) 7 + 77 + 777 + ..... (ii) 0.4 + 0.94 + 0.994 + .....

6.

tU bjhlf TLjiy fhf.

(i)

122 +132+142+ . . . . +352 2

(ii) 162 + 172 + 182 + . . . . + 252

(iii) 113 + 123 + 133 + . . . . + 283
(iv) 163 + 173 + 183 + . . . . + 353
7.

11 br., 12 br., 13 br., g, 24 br. Madtiw Kiwna gf msfshf

bfhl 14 rJuf bkhj gu fhf.

8.

12 br., 13br., g, 23 br. Madtiw Kiwna gf msfshf bfhl

12 rJuf bkhj gugs fhf.

9.

16 br., 17 br., 18 br., g, 30 br. Madtiw Kiwna gf msfshf

bfhl 15 fdrJuf fdmsf TLj fhf.

10. 13 + 23 + 33 + . . . . + K3 = 4356 v, K- kig fhf.

11. 13 + 23 + 33 + . . . . + K3 = 8281 v, 1+2+3 + . . . + K- kig fhf.

2 kbg dhf
1. tU bjhlf TLj fhf.
(i) 26 + 27 + 28 +..+ 60
(ii) 31 + 33 +..........+ 53.
6. tU bjhlf TLjiy fhf.
(i) 12 +22+32+ . . . . +252 2
(ii) 13 + 23 + 33 + . . . . + 203
2.

xU TL bjhltir Kj cW 6 kW bghJ ahr 5 v,

mbjhltir, mj bghJ cWig fhf.

3.

125, 120, 115, 110.... vw TL bjhltir bghJ ahrij

15 MtJ cWig fhf.

4.

4, 9, 14.... vw TL bjhltir 17 MtJ cWig fhf.

5 . tUtdt TLj fhf.

(i) Kj 75 if KGf (ii) Kj 125 a vf