Behavior modification

6th Class
Shaping, chaining

Techniques for increasing

frequency of behavior
Shaping
Chaining
Prompting

Cat and toilet

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1edDfzluXE

How would you train

the cat to use your toilet?

Shaping
Reinforcement of successive approximation of a
target behavior.
We look for any behavior that resembles the
desired behavior or takes the person closer to it.

Shaping
Hot and cold

Application
Training of animals
Feedback when learning new skills (exercise
somebody shows something and people propose shaping
feedback)
Management of people (counting hours for tasks - f, slow
presentations - m)
Sport Training (Timothy Gallwey video?)

Performance curve
Performance

Longterm
average

Time

Example: Tennis
Buzas, Aylon, 1981
Correct execution of tennis skills (%)

Timothy Gallwey Inner game

Performace = potential interference
Interference - critics, fear from
failure, past experience of failure
Person can overcome the interference
by full focus/attention on some
variable/aspect of action

Video
http://vimeo.com/6152948

Shaping Feedback
Poi

Chaining
Reinforcement of successive elements of a behavior
chain
Behavior chain sequence of related behaviors, each of
which provides the cue for the next and the last produces
s reinforcer
E.g.tying shoes, going to school..

Types of chaining
Forward chaining
Backward chaining

Now try reading this

antidisestablishmentarianism

Rules for chaining

Define the target behavior
As a chain! you must know in advance what
sequence you will be dealing with

Reinforce successive elements of the chain

Monitor results

Shaping Feedback
Poi 2

Prompting and fading

Prompting
Providing antecedents that evoke a target
behavior

Fading
Gradually reducing the strength of a prompt

Types of prompting

Verbal
Physical
Gestural
Modeling
Environmental

Rules for prompting and fading

Define the target behavior
Identify the suitable prompts
Prompt reinforce and fade
Monitor results

Discussion
[The end of the today's class]